基于高速数据采集、PWM控制、差压测密封技术,研制了一套防滑阀性能检测系统,实现了对防滑阀的动作响应时间、阶段充排气性能和密封性检测。在模拟实车制动工况条件下,检测系统通过输出快速响应的PWM信号控制进气电磁阀、排气电磁阀高...基于高速数据采集、PWM控制、差压测密封技术,研制了一套防滑阀性能检测系统,实现了对防滑阀的动作响应时间、阶段充排气性能和密封性检测。在模拟实车制动工况条件下,检测系统通过输出快速响应的PWM信号控制进气电磁阀、排气电磁阀高速通断,以此实现对防滑阀性能的高精确检测。测试系统经重复性实验结果表明,阶段充排气性能的最大测量不确定度为0.834 k Pa,密封性检测的最大不确定度为0.011 k Pa。展开更多
The attraction of Helicoverpa armigera- and Helicoverpa assulta-induced and mechanical damage-in- duced tobacco volatiles to Campoletis chlorideae was investi-gated, and the induced volatiles were analyzed. In wind- t...The attraction of Helicoverpa armigera- and Helicoverpa assulta-induced and mechanical damage-in- duced tobacco volatiles to Campoletis chlorideae was investi-gated, and the induced volatiles were analyzed. In wind- tunnel, C. chlorideae was strongly attracted by herbivore- induced tobacco volatiles. Mechanically damaged tobacco leaves, whether treated with caterpillar regurgitant or water, were more attractive to the parasitoid than undamaged to-bacco leaves. GC-MS analysis revealed that only 4 com-pounds were released from undamaged tobacco leaves, whereas 13 compounds were commonly emitted from herbi-vore-infested and mechanically damaged tobacco leaves. Compound β-pinene was specifically induced by the infesta- tion of H. armigera, and (Z)-3-hexenal was only induced by the infestation of H. armigera and H. assulta, whereas hexyl acetate was only induced by mechanical damage. Tobacco leaves infested by H. armigera and H. assulta released larger amounts of volatiles than undamaged tobacco leaves did. Tobacco leaves treated with artificial damage plus caterpil- lars regurgitant or water emitted the same levels of volatiles, which were higher than that emitted by undamaged tobacco leaves. The emission amounts of single compounds were also different between differently treated plants. The differences were large between herbivore-induced and mechanical dam-age-induced compounds, and small between H. armigera- and H. assulta-induced compounds, and among compounds emitted from mechanically damaged plants treated with wa-ter or caterpillar regurgitant.展开更多
文摘基于高速数据采集、PWM控制、差压测密封技术,研制了一套防滑阀性能检测系统,实现了对防滑阀的动作响应时间、阶段充排气性能和密封性检测。在模拟实车制动工况条件下,检测系统通过输出快速响应的PWM信号控制进气电磁阀、排气电磁阀高速通断,以此实现对防滑阀性能的高精确检测。测试系统经重复性实验结果表明,阶段充排气性能的最大测量不确定度为0.834 k Pa,密封性检测的最大不确定度为0.011 k Pa。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30330100)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KSCX2-SW-105).
文摘The attraction of Helicoverpa armigera- and Helicoverpa assulta-induced and mechanical damage-in- duced tobacco volatiles to Campoletis chlorideae was investi-gated, and the induced volatiles were analyzed. In wind- tunnel, C. chlorideae was strongly attracted by herbivore- induced tobacco volatiles. Mechanically damaged tobacco leaves, whether treated with caterpillar regurgitant or water, were more attractive to the parasitoid than undamaged to-bacco leaves. GC-MS analysis revealed that only 4 com-pounds were released from undamaged tobacco leaves, whereas 13 compounds were commonly emitted from herbi-vore-infested and mechanically damaged tobacco leaves. Compound β-pinene was specifically induced by the infesta- tion of H. armigera, and (Z)-3-hexenal was only induced by the infestation of H. armigera and H. assulta, whereas hexyl acetate was only induced by mechanical damage. Tobacco leaves infested by H. armigera and H. assulta released larger amounts of volatiles than undamaged tobacco leaves did. Tobacco leaves treated with artificial damage plus caterpil- lars regurgitant or water emitted the same levels of volatiles, which were higher than that emitted by undamaged tobacco leaves. The emission amounts of single compounds were also different between differently treated plants. The differences were large between herbivore-induced and mechanical dam-age-induced compounds, and small between H. armigera- and H. assulta-induced compounds, and among compounds emitted from mechanically damaged plants treated with wa-ter or caterpillar regurgitant.
