本文针对神经元动作电位信号的特征和采集记录要求 ,充分利用个人多媒体计算机的声卡和 Windows9X的 Direct X API软件接口 ,在不增加任何额外开销的情况下 ,实现了 Windows9X下的虚拟神经元动作电位记录仪。使用适当的前置放大器 ,还...本文针对神经元动作电位信号的特征和采集记录要求 ,充分利用个人多媒体计算机的声卡和 Windows9X的 Direct X API软件接口 ,在不增加任何额外开销的情况下 ,实现了 Windows9X下的虚拟神经元动作电位记录仪。使用适当的前置放大器 ,还可提取和记录脑电信息 。展开更多
Mirror neuron system （MNS） represents one past decade, and it has been found to involve in multiple of the most important discoveries of cognitive neuroscience in the aspects of brain functions including action unde...Mirror neuron system （MNS） represents one past decade, and it has been found to involve in multiple of the most important discoveries of cognitive neuroscience in the aspects of brain functions including action understanding, imitation, language understanding, empathy, action prediction and speech evolution. This manuscript reviewed the function of MNS in action understanding as well as language evolution, and specifically assessed its roles as the bridge from body language to fluent speeches. Then we discussed the speech defects of autism patients due to the disruption of MNS. Finally, given that MNS is plastic in adult brain, we proposed MNS targeted therapy provides an efficient rehabilitation approach for brain damages conditions as well as autism patients.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effect of liposome-mediated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene transfer in vivo on spinal cord motoneurons after spinal cord injury (SCI) in adult rats. Methods: Sixt...Objective: To investigate the effect of liposome-mediated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene transfer in vivo on spinal cord motoneurons after spinal cord injury (SCI) in adult rats. Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into two groups: GDNF group and control group. The SCI model was established according to the method of Nystrom, and then the DC-Chol liposomes and recombinant plasmid pEGFP-GDNF cDNA complexes were injected into the injured spinal cord. The expression of GDNF cDNA 1 week after injection was detected by RT-PCR and fluorescence microscope. We observed the remaining motoneurons in the anterior horn and the changes of cholinesterase (CHE) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activity using Nissl and enzyme histochemistry staining. The locomotion function of hind limbs of rats was evaluated using inclined plane test and BBB locomotor scale. Results: RT-PCR and fluorescence observation confirmed the presence of expression of GDNF cDNA 1 week and 4 weeks after injection. At 1, 2, 4 weeks after SCI, the number of motoneurons in the anterior horn in GDNF group ((20.4)±(3.2), (21.7)±(3.6), (22.5)±(3.4)) was more than that in control group ((16.8)±(2.8), (17.3)±(2.7), (18.2)±(3.2), P<(0.05)). At 1, 2 weeks after SCI, the mean gray of the CHE-stained spinal motoneurons in GDNF group ((74.2)±(25.8), (98.7)±(31.6)) was less than that in control group ((98.5)±(32.2), (134.6)±(45.2), P<(0.01)), and the mean gray of ACP in GDNF group ((84.5)±(32.6), (79.5)±(28.4)) was more than that in control group ((61.2)±(24.9), (52.6)±(19.9), P<(0.01)). The locomotion functional scales in GDNF group were higher than that in control group within 1 to 4 weeks after SCI (P<(0.05)). Conclusions: GDNF gene transfer in vivo can protect motoneurons from death and degeneration induced by incompleted spinal cord injury as well as enhance locomotion functional restoration of hind limbs. These results suggest that liposome-mediated delivery of GDNF cDNA might be a practical method for treating traumatic spinal cord injury.展开更多
基金Sci-ence Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No.FBB011469)
文摘Mirror neuron system （MNS） represents one past decade, and it has been found to involve in multiple of the most important discoveries of cognitive neuroscience in the aspects of brain functions including action understanding, imitation, language understanding, empathy, action prediction and speech evolution. This manuscript reviewed the function of MNS in action understanding as well as language evolution, and specifically assessed its roles as the bridge from body language to fluent speeches. Then we discussed the speech defects of autism patients due to the disruption of MNS. Finally, given that MNS is plastic in adult brain, we proposed MNS targeted therapy provides an efficient rehabilitation approach for brain damages conditions as well as autism patients.
文摘Objective: To investigate the effect of liposome-mediated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene transfer in vivo on spinal cord motoneurons after spinal cord injury (SCI) in adult rats. Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into two groups: GDNF group and control group. The SCI model was established according to the method of Nystrom, and then the DC-Chol liposomes and recombinant plasmid pEGFP-GDNF cDNA complexes were injected into the injured spinal cord. The expression of GDNF cDNA 1 week after injection was detected by RT-PCR and fluorescence microscope. We observed the remaining motoneurons in the anterior horn and the changes of cholinesterase (CHE) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activity using Nissl and enzyme histochemistry staining. The locomotion function of hind limbs of rats was evaluated using inclined plane test and BBB locomotor scale. Results: RT-PCR and fluorescence observation confirmed the presence of expression of GDNF cDNA 1 week and 4 weeks after injection. At 1, 2, 4 weeks after SCI, the number of motoneurons in the anterior horn in GDNF group ((20.4)±(3.2), (21.7)±(3.6), (22.5)±(3.4)) was more than that in control group ((16.8)±(2.8), (17.3)±(2.7), (18.2)±(3.2), P<(0.05)). At 1, 2 weeks after SCI, the mean gray of the CHE-stained spinal motoneurons in GDNF group ((74.2)±(25.8), (98.7)±(31.6)) was less than that in control group ((98.5)±(32.2), (134.6)±(45.2), P<(0.01)), and the mean gray of ACP in GDNF group ((84.5)±(32.6), (79.5)±(28.4)) was more than that in control group ((61.2)±(24.9), (52.6)±(19.9), P<(0.01)). The locomotion functional scales in GDNF group were higher than that in control group within 1 to 4 weeks after SCI (P<(0.05)). Conclusions: GDNF gene transfer in vivo can protect motoneurons from death and degeneration induced by incompleted spinal cord injury as well as enhance locomotion functional restoration of hind limbs. These results suggest that liposome-mediated delivery of GDNF cDNA might be a practical method for treating traumatic spinal cord injury.
