中国有句成语,叫做"暗送秋波".它指的是人借助自己的眼睛向别人表述情怀.英语中也有give sb. the golden eye(向某人献媚眼)的说法.其实,不仅仅只是眼睛的动作可以传情述意,人体动作、面部表情、姿态和手势也都具有这种功能,...中国有句成语,叫做"暗送秋波".它指的是人借助自己的眼睛向别人表述情怀.英语中也有give sb. the golden eye(向某人献媚眼)的说法.其实,不仅仅只是眼睛的动作可以传情述意,人体动作、面部表情、姿态和手势也都具有这种功能,这些可以传情述意的眼睛动作、人体动作、面部表情、姿态和手势就是形体动作语(kinesics)(Chaika 1982:54),俗称:身势语(body language).它和语体学一起构成"辅助语言系统"(the paralinguistic system)(Chaika 1982:54).形体动作语绝不是一种偶然现象.展开更多
Mirror neuron system （MNS） represents one past decade, and it has been found to involve in multiple of the most important discoveries of cognitive neuroscience in the aspects of brain functions including action unde...Mirror neuron system （MNS） represents one past decade, and it has been found to involve in multiple of the most important discoveries of cognitive neuroscience in the aspects of brain functions including action understanding, imitation, language understanding, empathy, action prediction and speech evolution. This manuscript reviewed the function of MNS in action understanding as well as language evolution, and specifically assessed its roles as the bridge from body language to fluent speeches. Then we discussed the speech defects of autism patients due to the disruption of MNS. Finally, given that MNS is plastic in adult brain, we proposed MNS targeted therapy provides an efficient rehabilitation approach for brain damages conditions as well as autism patients.展开更多
This paper discusses the approach to the CET （college English test） oral test based on automatic essay marking （AEM）. The reliability and validity arouses a dispute on Internet-based CET （iB-CET） oral test in Ch...This paper discusses the approach to the CET （college English test） oral test based on automatic essay marking （AEM）. The reliability and validity arouses a dispute on Internet-based CET （iB-CET） oral test in China, leading to the penetration into oral test contents in dialogue, description or comment, and question answering. Then, a probe into transformation from a spoken document into a textual document is touched on a conversion ratio of 72% adopted at the present time, AEM to be carried forward being a necessary hypothesis for Afterwards, this paper focuses on the pipeline in AEM with the content features and the language itself, which is established in two different models in marking for extraction and detection. Through experiments, this paper reveals the fact that an iB-CET oral test can be performed perfectly in the pipeline of spoken documents transformed into textual documents which can be automatically marked. Hence the design of the iB-CET oral test reaches its reliability and validity.展开更多
Embodiment theories proposed that the comprehension of language involves sensory-motor simulation in the brain.The present study examined the brain response to motor compatibility effect in comprehending action-relate...Embodiment theories proposed that the comprehension of language involves sensory-motor simulation in the brain.The present study examined the brain response to motor compatibility effect in comprehending action-related linguistic materials for participants learning Chinese as a second language(L2).In this study,participants are required to read action-related sentences describing an agent performing two manual actions simultaneously or sequentially by manipulating temporal conjunctions.The sentences with simultaneous actions are marked by Chinese parallel structure一边……一边……(“while”)showing non-congruent motor condition while the sequential action sentences are marked by先……然后……(“after”)showing congruent motor condition.Event-Related Potentials(ERPs)were recorded with the second verb phrase.A larger fronto-central late positivity was observed for the sentences with simultaneous actions rather than the sentences with sequential actions due to body constraints,revealing that late L2 Chinese learners integrate embodied knowledge while processing action-related complex sentence despite demanding more cognitive resources,and longer processing time.展开更多
Tandem learning via email and computer-mediated communication activities flanked standard frontal English lessons for Italian adult learners in Italy. It is here suggested that the combination of tandem learning, vari...Tandem learning via email and computer-mediated communication activities flanked standard frontal English lessons for Italian adult learners in Italy. It is here suggested that the combination of tandem learning, various communication activities performed on-line, and standard courses help mature students to boost their self-esteem, give them more autonomy, and enhance their motivation. Tandem learning, which is based on the principles of reciprocity and autonomy, is ideally suited for adult students. It helps overcome the problems connected to the affective reactions of adults, and at the same time, being content driven, offers a more natural setting to learn an L2 （second language） on a mutual supportive basis.展开更多
This paper talks about the research of application of collaborative learning to non-English majors in Dalian University, First of all, the paper gives a brief review of the theoretical background of collaborative lear...This paper talks about the research of application of collaborative learning to non-English majors in Dalian University, First of all, the paper gives a brief review of the theoretical background of collaborative learning. Next, it states the reasons why collaborative learning is ineffective in China and points out the necessity to apply the approach to non-English majors in China. Then, exemplifications of the application of classroom collaboration and extracurricular collaborative activities to non-English majors in our university are given. Finally, research findings are presented.展开更多
In order to deal with partical occlusion, a semantic interaction based moving human tracking approach is put forward. Firstly human is modeled as moving blobs which are described as blob descriptions. Then moving blob...In order to deal with partical occlusion, a semantic interaction based moving human tracking approach is put forward. Firstly human is modeled as moving blobs which are described as blob descriptions. Then moving blobs are updated and verified by projecting these descriptions. The approach exploits improved fast gauss transform and chooses source and target samples to reduce compute cost. Multi-moving human can be tracked simply and part occlusion can be done well.展开更多
This research seeks to contribute to translation studies by examining the illocutionary force of the speech act theory. It identifies two senses of illocutionary force： The active function of language is defined as l...This research seeks to contribute to translation studies by examining the illocutionary force of the speech act theory. It identifies two senses of illocutionary force： The active function of language is defined as lFl and the varying degrees of the strength of the speech act are defined as IF2. The implications of the two senses ofillocutionary force for translation studies are discussed in a case study of the translation of directives in Chinese versions of Shakespeare＇s play, The Merry Wives of Windsor. Translation shifts in transferring IF2, as manifested in pragmatic duality features of directness/indirectness, tone articles, repetition of verbs, action measure verbs, upgrader ＂,给我＂ and honorific addressing terms and vocatives are discussed. The notion＇s potential as a criterion to evaluate translation quality is also explored.展开更多
Based on the output-driven input-enabled hypothesis, we proposed an instructional design model for a preliminary research of the flipped classroom in teaching practical English writing. During the research, we made tw...Based on the output-driven input-enabled hypothesis, we proposed an instructional design model for a preliminary research of the flipped classroom in teaching practical English writing. During the research, we made two questionnaires, which revealed that most students preferred and benefited from this new pedagogy. Based on the research, the author discusses the characteristics of the flipped-classroom pedagogy for teaching ESP as well as such basic ESP instructional principles as mulflmodality, interacfivity, practicability and leamer-centeredness. The flipped-classroom teaching mode is expected to supply valuable insights to College English teaching reforms in China.展开更多
The present case study explores the effects of mediation of dynamic assessment （DA） on EFL writing development of English majors. Two junior English majors and their English writing teacher in a Chinese university w...The present case study explores the effects of mediation of dynamic assessment （DA） on EFL writing development of English majors. Two junior English majors and their English writing teacher in a Chinese university were involved in a DA writing task. Student B was asked to write an application letter in English of around 500 words during her spare time. Student A and the teacher, as the mediators, tried to help her improve the essay based on her Zone of Proximal Development （ZPD）. The dialogues in the two mediation processes were recorded and transcribed. Analysis of the data from Student B＇s compositions and the recorded talks during the mediation process showed that there are some similarities between the two mediations including making more use of implicit prompts to guide the learner and playing a positive role to facilitate EFL language growth, especially grammar. The.analysis, however, also showed great differences. The teacher tutor attempted more prompts and more implicit strategies than the peer to show that the teacher could do a better job in exploring the learner＇s ZPD. Even so, the peer might be of important help in improving the language and content before a teacher mediation in the DA process.展开更多
This paper presents a study that explored the effects of cooperative learning on Chinese students＇ interactional strategy use in the EFL classroom. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. The experimental c...This paper presents a study that explored the effects of cooperative learning on Chinese students＇ interactional strategy use in the EFL classroom. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. The experimental class （EC） participated in cooperative learning for 30 minutes in each 90-minute session in an integrated skills course while the control class （CC） had the same course following a teacher-fronted format. Interactional data of EC and CC were collected for comparison from the pre- and post-tasks conducted at the beginning and the end of the experiment respectively. The results show that EC appeared to have made more gains in interactional strategy use than CC after the experiment. Although CC made more progress in elaboration than EC, EC produced more uptakes, used much less Chinese and made fewer message abandonments, suggesting better oral fluency in their interaction as a result of cooperative learning.展开更多
文摘中国有句成语,叫做"暗送秋波".它指的是人借助自己的眼睛向别人表述情怀.英语中也有give sb. the golden eye(向某人献媚眼)的说法.其实,不仅仅只是眼睛的动作可以传情述意,人体动作、面部表情、姿态和手势也都具有这种功能,这些可以传情述意的眼睛动作、人体动作、面部表情、姿态和手势就是形体动作语(kinesics)(Chaika 1982:54),俗称:身势语(body language).它和语体学一起构成"辅助语言系统"(the paralinguistic system)(Chaika 1982:54).形体动作语绝不是一种偶然现象.
基金Sci-ence Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No.FBB011469)
文摘Mirror neuron system （MNS） represents one past decade, and it has been found to involve in multiple of the most important discoveries of cognitive neuroscience in the aspects of brain functions including action understanding, imitation, language understanding, empathy, action prediction and speech evolution. This manuscript reviewed the function of MNS in action understanding as well as language evolution, and specifically assessed its roles as the bridge from body language to fluent speeches. Then we discussed the speech defects of autism patients due to the disruption of MNS. Finally, given that MNS is plastic in adult brain, we proposed MNS targeted therapy provides an efficient rehabilitation approach for brain damages conditions as well as autism patients.
基金The Humanities and Social Sciences Project granted from the Ministry of Education in China(No.10YJA740061,11YJA740121)the Teaching Reform Key Project under Educational Section of Jiangsu Province(No.2011JSJG453)+3 种基金Southeast University Teaching Reform Project for Graduates(No.2010-54)Southeast University Teaching Reform Project for Post-Graduates(No.KJGKT12-06)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK2008354)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.6550181821,60975017)
文摘This paper discusses the approach to the CET （college English test） oral test based on automatic essay marking （AEM）. The reliability and validity arouses a dispute on Internet-based CET （iB-CET） oral test in China, leading to the penetration into oral test contents in dialogue, description or comment, and question answering. Then, a probe into transformation from a spoken document into a textual document is touched on a conversion ratio of 72% adopted at the present time, AEM to be carried forward being a necessary hypothesis for Afterwards, this paper focuses on the pipeline in AEM with the content features and the language itself, which is established in two different models in marking for extraction and detection. Through experiments, this paper reveals the fact that an iB-CET oral test can be performed perfectly in the pipeline of spoken documents transformed into textual documents which can be automatically marked. Hence the design of the iB-CET oral test reaches its reliability and validity.
文摘Embodiment theories proposed that the comprehension of language involves sensory-motor simulation in the brain.The present study examined the brain response to motor compatibility effect in comprehending action-related linguistic materials for participants learning Chinese as a second language(L2).In this study,participants are required to read action-related sentences describing an agent performing two manual actions simultaneously or sequentially by manipulating temporal conjunctions.The sentences with simultaneous actions are marked by Chinese parallel structure一边……一边……(“while”)showing non-congruent motor condition while the sequential action sentences are marked by先……然后……(“after”)showing congruent motor condition.Event-Related Potentials(ERPs)were recorded with the second verb phrase.A larger fronto-central late positivity was observed for the sentences with simultaneous actions rather than the sentences with sequential actions due to body constraints,revealing that late L2 Chinese learners integrate embodied knowledge while processing action-related complex sentence despite demanding more cognitive resources,and longer processing time.
文摘Tandem learning via email and computer-mediated communication activities flanked standard frontal English lessons for Italian adult learners in Italy. It is here suggested that the combination of tandem learning, various communication activities performed on-line, and standard courses help mature students to boost their self-esteem, give them more autonomy, and enhance their motivation. Tandem learning, which is based on the principles of reciprocity and autonomy, is ideally suited for adult students. It helps overcome the problems connected to the affective reactions of adults, and at the same time, being content driven, offers a more natural setting to learn an L2 （second language） on a mutual supportive basis.
文摘This paper talks about the research of application of collaborative learning to non-English majors in Dalian University, First of all, the paper gives a brief review of the theoretical background of collaborative learning. Next, it states the reasons why collaborative learning is ineffective in China and points out the necessity to apply the approach to non-English majors in China. Then, exemplifications of the application of classroom collaboration and extracurricular collaborative activities to non-English majors in our university are given. Finally, research findings are presented.
文摘In order to deal with partical occlusion, a semantic interaction based moving human tracking approach is put forward. Firstly human is modeled as moving blobs which are described as blob descriptions. Then moving blobs are updated and verified by projecting these descriptions. The approach exploits improved fast gauss transform and chooses source and target samples to reduce compute cost. Multi-moving human can be tracked simply and part occlusion can be done well.
文摘This research seeks to contribute to translation studies by examining the illocutionary force of the speech act theory. It identifies two senses of illocutionary force： The active function of language is defined as lFl and the varying degrees of the strength of the speech act are defined as IF2. The implications of the two senses ofillocutionary force for translation studies are discussed in a case study of the translation of directives in Chinese versions of Shakespeare＇s play, The Merry Wives of Windsor. Translation shifts in transferring IF2, as manifested in pragmatic duality features of directness/indirectness, tone articles, repetition of verbs, action measure verbs, upgrader ＂,给我＂ and honorific addressing terms and vocatives are discussed. The notion＇s potential as a criterion to evaluate translation quality is also explored.
文摘Based on the output-driven input-enabled hypothesis, we proposed an instructional design model for a preliminary research of the flipped classroom in teaching practical English writing. During the research, we made two questionnaires, which revealed that most students preferred and benefited from this new pedagogy. Based on the research, the author discusses the characteristics of the flipped-classroom pedagogy for teaching ESP as well as such basic ESP instructional principles as mulflmodality, interacfivity, practicability and leamer-centeredness. The flipped-classroom teaching mode is expected to supply valuable insights to College English teaching reforms in China.
文摘The present case study explores the effects of mediation of dynamic assessment （DA） on EFL writing development of English majors. Two junior English majors and their English writing teacher in a Chinese university were involved in a DA writing task. Student B was asked to write an application letter in English of around 500 words during her spare time. Student A and the teacher, as the mediators, tried to help her improve the essay based on her Zone of Proximal Development （ZPD）. The dialogues in the two mediation processes were recorded and transcribed. Analysis of the data from Student B＇s compositions and the recorded talks during the mediation process showed that there are some similarities between the two mediations including making more use of implicit prompts to guide the learner and playing a positive role to facilitate EFL language growth, especially grammar. The.analysis, however, also showed great differences. The teacher tutor attempted more prompts and more implicit strategies than the peer to show that the teacher could do a better job in exploring the learner＇s ZPD. Even so, the peer might be of important help in improving the language and content before a teacher mediation in the DA process.
文摘This paper presents a study that explored the effects of cooperative learning on Chinese students＇ interactional strategy use in the EFL classroom. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. The experimental class （EC） participated in cooperative learning for 30 minutes in each 90-minute session in an integrated skills course while the control class （CC） had the same course following a teacher-fronted format. Interactional data of EC and CC were collected for comparison from the pre- and post-tasks conducted at the beginning and the end of the experiment respectively. The results show that EC appeared to have made more gains in interactional strategy use than CC after the experiment. Although CC made more progress in elaboration than EC, EC produced more uptakes, used much less Chinese and made fewer message abandonments, suggesting better oral fluency in their interaction as a result of cooperative learning.
