P-glycoprotein(P-gp)is an important transmembrane ATP-binding cassette(ABC)drug efflux transporter expressed in various human tissues such as the intestines,liver,kidneys,and bloodbrain barrier.It limits the intracell...P-glycoprotein(P-gp)is an important transmembrane ATP-binding cassette(ABC)drug efflux transporter expressed in various human tissues such as the intestines,liver,kidneys,and bloodbrain barrier.It limits the intracellular concentration of xenobiotics by pumping them out of the cells,affecting drug pharmacokinetics and therapeutic effects.With its broad substrate specificity,it has the potential to remove a wide range of drugs from Chinese materia medica(CMM),including conventional medicines and active compounds.Increasing evidence has confirmed the superior therapeutic effectiveness of CMM in treating a wide range of diseases worldwide,as well as in conjunction with western drugs.As a result,herbal medicine-drug compounds have prompted widespread concern,with the majority of these interactions involving transporters such as P-gp.This review systematically summarizes the inhibition or induction of P-gp expression/function by active CMM compounds and the underlying regulatory mechanisms.It will aid in improving understanding of the synergistic or inhibiting effects associated with transporter P-gp as well as rational safety concerns for using CMM,particularly in combination with drugs.展开更多
The organic solid-state lightemitting materials have attracted more and more attention owing to their promising applications in displays,lasers and optical communications.In contrast to isolated molecule,there are var...The organic solid-state lightemitting materials have attracted more and more attention owing to their promising applications in displays,lasers and optical communications.In contrast to isolated molecule,there are various weak intermolecular interactions in organic solids that sometimes have a large impact on the excited-state properties and energy dissipation pathways,resulting in strong fluorescence/phosphorescence.It is increasingly necessary to reveal the luminescence mechanism of organic solids.Here,we briefly review how intermolecular interactions induce strong normal fluorescence,thermally activate delayed fluorescence and room-temperature phosphorescence in organic solids by examining changes in geometry,electronic structures,electron-vibration coupling and energy dissipation dynamics of the excited states from isolated to aggregated molecules.We hope that the review will contribute to an in-depth understanding of the excited state properties of organic solids and to the design of excellent solid-state light-emitting materials.展开更多
In order to analyze the Oslbglu4 phenotype, the inducible promoter of the transgenic rice which knock-down the Oslbglu4 expression was assessed. The result showed that 30 μM dexamethasone（DEX） had the stronger indu...In order to analyze the Oslbglu4 phenotype, the inducible promoter of the transgenic rice which knock-down the Oslbglu4 expression was assessed. The result showed that 30 μM dexamethasone（DEX） had the stronger induction effect than 10 μM DEX by β-Glucuronidase （GUS） staining, qRT-PCR further verified the Oslbglu4 gene deletion. The effect of DEX and its solvent absolute ethanol on seed development was measured, and no significant effect was observed. The conclusion is that final concentration of DEX at 30 μM is suitable for pOp6 promoter induction.展开更多
In usual cases of significant pressure gradients and strong shocks, the front shock takes a fixed location along the wall, at which separation starts. Usually the rear shock is responding to vortex sheding by its defl...In usual cases of significant pressure gradients and strong shocks, the front shock takes a fixed location along the wall, at which separation starts. Usually the rear shock is responding to vortex sheding by its deflection angle. In consequence main shock and rear shocks are moving whilst front shock is stable. The goal of the measurements presented here is to find out how the k-foot behaves during shock oscillations in the case when front shock is not fixed by the pressure gradient. Unsteady shock behaviour is also investigated when air jet vortex generators （AJVG） are used. Counteraction of the separation is directly related to the influence on unsteady processes in the shock wave induced separation.展开更多
Probenazole （3-allyloxy-l,2-benzisothiazole-1,1-dioxide, PBZ）, the active component of Oryzemate, could induce systemic acquired resistance （SAR） in plants through the induction of salicylic acid （SA） biosynthes...Probenazole （3-allyloxy-l,2-benzisothiazole-1,1-dioxide, PBZ）, the active component of Oryzemate, could induce systemic acquired resistance （SAR） in plants through the induction of salicylic acid （SA） biosynthesis. As a widely used chemical inducer, PBZ is a good prospect for establishing a new chemical-inducible system. We first designed artificially synthetic promoters with tandem copies of a single type of cis-element （SARE, JERE, GCC, GST1, HSRE, and W-box） that could mediate the expression of the tS-glucuronidase （GUS） reporter gene in plants upon PBZ treatment. Then we combined different types of elements in order to improve inducibility in the PBZ-inducible system. On the other hand, we were surprised to find that the cis-elements, which are responsive to jasmonic acid （JA） and ethylene, also responded to PBZ, implying that SA, JA, and ethylene pathways also would play important roles in PBZ＇s action. Further analysis demonstrated that PBZ also induced early events of innate immunity via a signaling pathway in which Ca2＋ influx and mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） activity were involved. We constructed synthesized artificial promoters to establish a PBZ chemical-inducible system, and preliminarily explored SA, JA, ethylene, calcium, and MAPK signaling pathways via PBZ-inducible system, which could provide an insight for in-depth study.展开更多
We report a phenomenon of asymmetric evolution of two two-level atoms which results from pump laser phase based on the model of[Phys.Rev.Lett.101(2008) 153601].Other than investigating the dynamical behavior of whole ...We report a phenomenon of asymmetric evolution of two two-level atoms which results from pump laser phase based on the model of[Phys.Rev.Lett.101(2008) 153601].Other than investigating the dynamical behavior of whole system,in this paper we investigate the effects of the pump laser phase on dynamic behavior of each atom.We find that two atoms show asymmetry both in time evolution of(population) excitation probability and quantum correlation with environment due to the quantum interference induced by pump laser phase as well as the dipole-dipole interaction.These phenomena are deeply related to the dynamical behavior of the whole system,therefore we can understand the dynamical behavior of whole system caused by pump laser phase from this point of view.展开更多
基金the Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(No.0067/2019/A2 and No.0075/2019/AMJ)from the Macao Special Administrative Region。
文摘P-glycoprotein(P-gp)is an important transmembrane ATP-binding cassette(ABC)drug efflux transporter expressed in various human tissues such as the intestines,liver,kidneys,and bloodbrain barrier.It limits the intracellular concentration of xenobiotics by pumping them out of the cells,affecting drug pharmacokinetics and therapeutic effects.With its broad substrate specificity,it has the potential to remove a wide range of drugs from Chinese materia medica(CMM),including conventional medicines and active compounds.Increasing evidence has confirmed the superior therapeutic effectiveness of CMM in treating a wide range of diseases worldwide,as well as in conjunction with western drugs.As a result,herbal medicine-drug compounds have prompted widespread concern,with the majority of these interactions involving transporters such as P-gp.This review systematically summarizes the inhibition or induction of P-gp expression/function by active CMM compounds and the underlying regulatory mechanisms.It will aid in improving understanding of the synergistic or inhibiting effects associated with transporter P-gp as well as rational safety concerns for using CMM,particularly in combination with drugs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21973099)。
文摘The organic solid-state lightemitting materials have attracted more and more attention owing to their promising applications in displays,lasers and optical communications.In contrast to isolated molecule,there are various weak intermolecular interactions in organic solids that sometimes have a large impact on the excited-state properties and energy dissipation pathways,resulting in strong fluorescence/phosphorescence.It is increasingly necessary to reveal the luminescence mechanism of organic solids.Here,we briefly review how intermolecular interactions induce strong normal fluorescence,thermally activate delayed fluorescence and room-temperature phosphorescence in organic solids by examining changes in geometry,electronic structures,electron-vibration coupling and energy dissipation dynamics of the excited states from isolated to aggregated molecules.We hope that the review will contribute to an in-depth understanding of the excited state properties of organic solids and to the design of excellent solid-state light-emitting materials.
基金Supported by Guizhou International Cooperation Project on Science and Technology[No.QiankehewaiG(2013)7040]The 20th Project of The Joint Committee on Scientific and Technical Cooperation between The Government of the Kingdom of Thailand and The Government of the People’s Republic of China(No.20-606J)China.Suranaree University of Technology grant number SUT3-304-54-12-29,Thailand
文摘In order to analyze the Oslbglu4 phenotype, the inducible promoter of the transgenic rice which knock-down the Oslbglu4 expression was assessed. The result showed that 30 μM dexamethasone（DEX） had the stronger induction effect than 10 μM DEX by β-Glucuronidase （GUS） staining, qRT-PCR further verified the Oslbglu4 gene deletion. The effect of DEX and its solvent absolute ethanol on seed development was measured, and no significant effect was observed. The conclusion is that final concentration of DEX at 30 μM is suitable for pOp6 promoter induction.
基金the UFAST project financed by the European Commission within a cooperation sectorunder number:012226
文摘In usual cases of significant pressure gradients and strong shocks, the front shock takes a fixed location along the wall, at which separation starts. Usually the rear shock is responding to vortex sheding by its deflection angle. In consequence main shock and rear shocks are moving whilst front shock is stable. The goal of the measurements presented here is to find out how the k-foot behaves during shock oscillations in the case when front shock is not fixed by the pressure gradient. Unsteady shock behaviour is also investigated when air jet vortex generators （AJVG） are used. Counteraction of the separation is directly related to the influence on unsteady processes in the shock wave induced separation.
基金supported by the National Key Project of Transgenic Variety Development of China(Nos.2011ZX08009-004 and 2013ZX08009-004)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Cropsthe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),China
文摘Probenazole （3-allyloxy-l,2-benzisothiazole-1,1-dioxide, PBZ）, the active component of Oryzemate, could induce systemic acquired resistance （SAR） in plants through the induction of salicylic acid （SA） biosynthesis. As a widely used chemical inducer, PBZ is a good prospect for establishing a new chemical-inducible system. We first designed artificially synthetic promoters with tandem copies of a single type of cis-element （SARE, JERE, GCC, GST1, HSRE, and W-box） that could mediate the expression of the tS-glucuronidase （GUS） reporter gene in plants upon PBZ treatment. Then we combined different types of elements in order to improve inducibility in the PBZ-inducible system. On the other hand, we were surprised to find that the cis-elements, which are responsive to jasmonic acid （JA） and ethylene, also responded to PBZ, implying that SA, JA, and ethylene pathways also would play important roles in PBZ＇s action. Further analysis demonstrated that PBZ also induced early events of innate immunity via a signaling pathway in which Ca2＋ influx and mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） activity were involved. We constructed synthesized artificial promoters to establish a PBZ chemical-inducible system, and preliminarily explored SA, JA, ethylene, calcium, and MAPK signaling pathways via PBZ-inducible system, which could provide an insight for in-depth study.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11174109
文摘We report a phenomenon of asymmetric evolution of two two-level atoms which results from pump laser phase based on the model of[Phys.Rev.Lett.101(2008) 153601].Other than investigating the dynamical behavior of whole system,in this paper we investigate the effects of the pump laser phase on dynamic behavior of each atom.We find that two atoms show asymmetry both in time evolution of(population) excitation probability and quantum correlation with environment due to the quantum interference induced by pump laser phase as well as the dipole-dipole interaction.These phenomena are deeply related to the dynamical behavior of the whole system,therefore we can understand the dynamical behavior of whole system caused by pump laser phase from this point of view.
