Electmmechanical coupling system is one of the key technologies of hybrid electric vehicles. Among the existing electromechanical coupling systems, ISG system is recognized as the most practical one with the highest i...Electmmechanical coupling system is one of the key technologies of hybrid electric vehicles. Among the existing electromechanical coupling systems, ISG system is recognized as the most practical one with the highest integration. However, the efficiency of ISG system is relatively low in pure-motor-drive mode. In this paper, a hybrid drivetrain with double clutches was proposed, in which a mode-clutch was installed between engine and motor as the mode switch, thus the efficiency in pure-motor-drive mode was improved. This paper discussed the architecture, modeling and control strategy of double-clutch drivetrain. The results of co-simulation by Cruise and Simulink showed that the fuel economy of the vehicle with this drivetrain was effectively improved compared to similar conventional vehicles.展开更多
This study aimed to model the kinetic of hydro-distillation of Aquilaria malaccensis leaves oil in order to understand and optimize the extraction process. In addition, this study, for the first time, aimed to identif...This study aimed to model the kinetic of hydro-distillation of Aquilaria malaccensis leaves oil in order to understand and optimize the extraction process. In addition, this study, for the first time, aimed to identify the chemical compositions of the A. rnalaccensis leave-oil. By assessing both first-order kinetic model and the model of simultaneous washing and diffusion, the result indicated that the model of simultaneous washing and diffusion better describes the hydro-distillation mechanism of the essential oil from A. rnalaccensis leaves. The optimum time, solid to liquid ratio, and the heating power for extracting the highest amount of essential oil were found to be around 3 h, 1：10 （g. ml-1）, and 300 W respectively. Yellow essential oil with a strong smell and a yield of 0.05 v/w was extracted by hydro-distillation Clevenger apparatus. Chemical compounds of the essential oil were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy （GC/MS）, which resulted in identification of 42 compounds that constitute 93% of essential oil. Among the identified components, Pentadecanal （32.082%）, 9-Octadecenal, （Z） （15.894%）, and Tetradecanal （6.927%） were the major compounds. Considering the fact that all the identified major components possess pesticidal properties, A. malaccensis leaves can be regarded as a promising natural source for producing pesticides.展开更多
Recently, the single-shaft series-parallel powertrain of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Bus （PHEB） has become one of the most popu- lar powertrains due to its alterable operating modes, excellent fuel economy and strong ad...Recently, the single-shaft series-parallel powertrain of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Bus （PHEB） has become one of the most popu- lar powertrains due to its alterable operating modes, excellent fuel economy and strong adaptability for driving cycles. Never- theless, for configuring the PHEB with single-shaft series-parallel powertrain in the development stage, it still faces greater challenge than other configurations when choosing and matching the main component parameters. Motivated by this issue, a comprehensive multi-objectives optimization strategy based on Genetic Algorithm （GA） is developed for the PHEB with the typical powertrain. First, considering repeatability and regularity of bus route, the methods of off-line data processing and mathematical statistics are adopted, to obtain a representative driving cycle, which could well reflect the general characteristic of the real-world bus route. Then, the economical optimization objective is defined, which is consist of manufacturing costs of the key components and energy consumption, and combined with the dynamical optimization objective, a multi-objective op- timization function is put forward. Meanwhile, GA algorithm is used to optimize the parameters, for the optimal components combination of the novel series-parallel powertrain. Finally, a comparison with the prototype is carried out to verify the per- formance of the optimized powertrain along driving cycles. Simulation results indicate that the parameters of powertrain com- ponents obtained by the proposed comprehensive multi-objectives optimization strategy might get better fuel economy, meanwhile ensure the dynamic performance of PHEB. In contrast to the original, the costs declined by 18%. Hence, the strat- egy would provide a theoretical guidance on parameter selection for PHEB manufacturers.展开更多
A reduced combustion kinetic model for the methanol-gasoline blended fuels for SI engines was developed. Sensitivity analysis and rate constant variation methods were used to optimize the kinetic model. Flame propagat...A reduced combustion kinetic model for the methanol-gasoline blended fuels for SI engines was developed. Sensitivity analysis and rate constant variation methods were used to optimize the kinetic model. Flame propagation, shock-tube and jet-stirred reactor systems were modeled in CHEMKIN. The laminar flame speed, ignition delay time and change in concentrations of species were simulated using the reduced kinetic model. The simulation results of reduced chemical mechanism agreed well with the relevant experimental data published in the literature. The experimental investigations on engine bench were also carried out. The in-cylinder pressure and exhaust emissions were obtained by using a combustion analyzer and an FTIR(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) spectrometer. Meanwhile, an engine in-cylinder CFD model was established in AVL FIRE and was coupled with the proposed reduced chemical mechanism to simulate the combustion process of methanol-gasoline blends. The simulated combustion process showed good agreement with the engine experimental results and the predicted emissions were found to be in accordance with the FTIR results.展开更多
文摘Electmmechanical coupling system is one of the key technologies of hybrid electric vehicles. Among the existing electromechanical coupling systems, ISG system is recognized as the most practical one with the highest integration. However, the efficiency of ISG system is relatively low in pure-motor-drive mode. In this paper, a hybrid drivetrain with double clutches was proposed, in which a mode-clutch was installed between engine and motor as the mode switch, thus the efficiency in pure-motor-drive mode was improved. This paper discussed the architecture, modeling and control strategy of double-clutch drivetrain. The results of co-simulation by Cruise and Simulink showed that the fuel economy of the vehicle with this drivetrain was effectively improved compared to similar conventional vehicles.
文摘This study aimed to model the kinetic of hydro-distillation of Aquilaria malaccensis leaves oil in order to understand and optimize the extraction process. In addition, this study, for the first time, aimed to identify the chemical compositions of the A. rnalaccensis leave-oil. By assessing both first-order kinetic model and the model of simultaneous washing and diffusion, the result indicated that the model of simultaneous washing and diffusion better describes the hydro-distillation mechanism of the essential oil from A. rnalaccensis leaves. The optimum time, solid to liquid ratio, and the heating power for extracting the highest amount of essential oil were found to be around 3 h, 1：10 （g. ml-1）, and 300 W respectively. Yellow essential oil with a strong smell and a yield of 0.05 v/w was extracted by hydro-distillation Clevenger apparatus. Chemical compounds of the essential oil were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy （GC/MS）, which resulted in identification of 42 compounds that constitute 93% of essential oil. Among the identified components, Pentadecanal （32.082%）, 9-Octadecenal, （Z） （15.894%）, and Tetradecanal （6.927%） were the major compounds. Considering the fact that all the identified major components possess pesticidal properties, A. malaccensis leaves can be regarded as a promising natural source for producing pesticides.
基金supported by the National Key Science and Technology Projects(Grant No.2014ZX04002041)
文摘Recently, the single-shaft series-parallel powertrain of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Bus （PHEB） has become one of the most popu- lar powertrains due to its alterable operating modes, excellent fuel economy and strong adaptability for driving cycles. Never- theless, for configuring the PHEB with single-shaft series-parallel powertrain in the development stage, it still faces greater challenge than other configurations when choosing and matching the main component parameters. Motivated by this issue, a comprehensive multi-objectives optimization strategy based on Genetic Algorithm （GA） is developed for the PHEB with the typical powertrain. First, considering repeatability and regularity of bus route, the methods of off-line data processing and mathematical statistics are adopted, to obtain a representative driving cycle, which could well reflect the general characteristic of the real-world bus route. Then, the economical optimization objective is defined, which is consist of manufacturing costs of the key components and energy consumption, and combined with the dynamical optimization objective, a multi-objective op- timization function is put forward. Meanwhile, GA algorithm is used to optimize the parameters, for the optimal components combination of the novel series-parallel powertrain. Finally, a comparison with the prototype is carried out to verify the per- formance of the optimized powertrain along driving cycles. Simulation results indicate that the parameters of powertrain com- ponents obtained by the proposed comprehensive multi-objectives optimization strategy might get better fuel economy, meanwhile ensure the dynamic performance of PHEB. In contrast to the original, the costs declined by 18%. Hence, the strat- egy would provide a theoretical guidance on parameter selection for PHEB manufacturers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.50776078&51106136)
文摘A reduced combustion kinetic model for the methanol-gasoline blended fuels for SI engines was developed. Sensitivity analysis and rate constant variation methods were used to optimize the kinetic model. Flame propagation, shock-tube and jet-stirred reactor systems were modeled in CHEMKIN. The laminar flame speed, ignition delay time and change in concentrations of species were simulated using the reduced kinetic model. The simulation results of reduced chemical mechanism agreed well with the relevant experimental data published in the literature. The experimental investigations on engine bench were also carried out. The in-cylinder pressure and exhaust emissions were obtained by using a combustion analyzer and an FTIR(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) spectrometer. Meanwhile, an engine in-cylinder CFD model was established in AVL FIRE and was coupled with the proposed reduced chemical mechanism to simulate the combustion process of methanol-gasoline blends. The simulated combustion process showed good agreement with the engine experimental results and the predicted emissions were found to be in accordance with the FTIR results.
