DRG病种成本动因识别及控制策略

目的识别疾病诊断相关分组(DRG)病种成本动因,建立DRG病种成本动因模型和指标体系。方法以成本动因理论为基础,结合DRG特征构建DRG病种成本动因模型,运用德尔菲法选取30位专家筛选DRG病种成本动因指标,采用问卷调查法和层次分析法建立DRG病种成本动因指标体系。结果3轮专家咨询问卷的回收率和有效率均为100%,筛选确定一级指标3项、二级指标9项、三级指标33项。为确定指标权重,共发放问卷230份,有效率95.43%(209/219),最终形成了DRG病种成本动因指标体系。其中,一级指标包括DRG结构性成本动因、DRG执行性成本动因和DRG内在性成本动因,权重分别为0.1976、0.3119、0.4905。结论依托DRG病种成本动因模型建立的DRG病种成本动因指标体系具有较高的科学性。DRG病种成本可以从医院资源配置、内部管理、个体行为3个方面进行控制。

智能制造企业商业模式创新的动因识别

引发商业模式创新的因素可能是一个或者几个要素,而要实现商业模式创新则需要有系统的要素组合,共同推动商业模式创新的实现。对商业模式创新动因的研究也就是研究商业模式创新的前因变量。本文通过文献资料研读、开放问卷和深度访谈等方法展开探索性研究,探讨智能制造企业商业模式创新的关键驱动因素,最后得出智能制造企业创新研究动因模型。

上市公司财务舞弊动因及防治措施

结合A公司财务舞弊审计案例,分析探求财务报告舞弊的动因、手法、识别及防范,旨在为净化投资环境、促进资本市场的健康发展提供一定的参考。

A User-Oriented Implementation of Risk Breakdown Structure in Construction Risk Management

The construction industry works under conditions of uncertainties and risks leading to poor performance, increased cost and time and decreased quality. In these conditions, the dynamic identification and assessment of project risks among a vary range of potential factors is considered of vital importance. The introduction of RBS （risk breakdown structure） as a hierarchically organized depiction of identified risks was considered a suitable tool in risk management, especially in construction, due to its many advantages in synthetic representation and dynamic nature. This paper presents a user-oriented implementation of RBS to assist the project managers in identifying and assessing potential risk factors affecting construction process. The evidential analogies between WBS （work breakdown structure） and RBS are captured and used in the proposed framework which interconnects them into a 2D （two dimensional） matrix used to associate risks to the specific project activities. The proposed framework is applied to a government funded design-bid-build project. The obtained results clearly demonstrate the advantages in identifying the most risky activities, as well as the most important risk factors affecting the whole project.

Implementation and assessment of diverse strategies for physical activity promotion in Vietnam--A case report

Background: Regular physical activity(PA) has documented effects in prevention and treatment of many non-communicable diseases(NCDs).Physical inactivity is recognized as the fourth leading risk factor for premature death, worldwide. Despite these facts, physical inactivity is increasing,not only in high-income, but also in middle-and low-income countries. To address this negative trend, evidence-based methods to increase PA are needed. The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation and assessment of 4 strategies designed to increase PA in Vietnam.Methods: Four strategies were used: i) introduction and evaluation of an education and training program on the Swedish method of Physical Activity on Prescription(PAP) among health care professionals, ii) translation of the PAP evidence-based handbook, Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease(called FYSS in Swedish) into Vietnamese, iii) launch of a mass-media campaign to promote PA, and iv)advocacy to support development of PA guidelines in Vietnam.Results: The evaluation indicated that the participating health care professionals had a positive attitude to PAP. However, they also reported uncertainty in prescribing PA. FYSS was translated and disseminated successfully to health care professionals. A mass-media campaign identified the beneficial effects of PA to health care professionals, journalists, policy makers, and the public. Last, the process of developing national guidelines on PA was initiated.Conclusion: This project led to enhanced awareness and appreciation of PA in the prevention and treatment of NCDs among health care professionals as well as initiation of national PA guidelines. Important lessons also were learned in the presentation of PAP, which will be considered when designing similar projects in the future.

Research on Behavior of Governing Gene/Epigene Networks as a Problem of Cellular Automata Identification

The aim of this work is to investigate the general functional properties of the intracellular governing gene/epigene networks. A body of mathematics used in automata and graphs theories is adequate for revealing the general dynamic properties of governing gene and epigene networks and provides a methodic basis for efficient analytical algorithms. The obtained results permit to reveal the properties of the characteristic function （transitions and outputs） of the cellular automata as models for the intracellular governing gene/epigene networks.

Comparative WGBS identifies genes that influence non-ripe phenotype in tomato epimutant Colourless non-ripening

Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing(WGBS)allows single-base resolution and genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation in plants and animals.This technology provides a powerful tool to identify genes that are potentially controlled by dynamic changes of DNA methylation and demethylation.However,naturally occurring epimutants are rare and genes under epigenetic regulation as well as their biological relevances are often difficult to define.In tomato,fruit development and ripening are a complex process that involves epigenetic control.We have taken the advantage of the tomato epimutant Colourless non-ripening(Cnr)and performed comparative mining of the WGBS datasets for the Cnr and Sl CMT3-silenced Cnr fruits.We compared DNA methylation profiles for the promoter sequences of approximately 5,000 bp immediately upstream of the coding region of a list of20 genes.Differentially methylated regions were found for some of these genes.Virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)of differentially methylated gene Sl DET1 or Sl PDS resulted in unusual brown pigmentation in Cnr fruits.These results suggest that comparative WGBS coupled with VIGS can be used to identify genes that may contribute to the colourless unripe phenotype of fruit in the Cnr epimutant.