彩色动图象压缩编码的硬件实现方案

CCITT H.261对可视电话所建议的算法:CD-ROM动图象的MPEG算法,其硬件实现因需大量的计算(多于1GFLOPS),所以十分复杂。本文提出了一个视频实时压缩、解压缩方案。该方案综合应用DSP(TMS320C30)和ASIC(L64730),形成一个多处理的并行系统。该系统对一帧图象进行分区处理,各个区由自己的处理器独立处理,各处理器并行进行。处理器的数目由帧频和图象的分辨率决定。

准动图象的帧间比特平面编码

比特平面编码是一种多值灰度图象的二值编码技术。本文将这种方法推广并应用于准动图象(即冻结图象序列)帧间差值信号的压缩编码,获得了满意的效果。文中论述了帧间比特平面编码的原理,讨论了编码参数的选择,并给出了实验结果。实践证明,本文编码方法为实现数字静态图象传输提供了又一条有效途径。

Pseudo channel:time embedding for motor imagery decoding

Motor imagery(MI)based electroencephalogram(EEG)represents a frontier in enabling direct neural control of external devices and advancing neural rehabilitation.This study introduces a novel time embedding technique,termed traveling-wave based time embedding,utilized as a pseudo channel to enhance the decoding accuracy of MI-EEG signals across various neural network architectures.Unlike traditional neural network methods that fail to account for the temporal dynamics in MI-EEG in individual difference,our approach captures time-related changes for different participants based on a priori knowledge.Through extensive experimentation with multiple participants,we demonstrate that this method not only improves classification accuracy but also exhibits greater adaptability to individual differences compared to position encoding used in Transformer architecture.Significantly,our results reveal that traveling-wave based time embedding crucially enhances decoding accuracy,particularly for participants typically considered“EEG-illiteracy”.As a novel direction in EEG research,the traveling-wave based time embedding not only offers fresh insights for neural network decoding strategies but also expands new avenues for research into attention mechanisms in neuroscience and a deeper understanding of EEG signals.

论自然实在静态波粒二层一体与微观过程的系统描述

现有量子力学不完备的表现,最重要的是缺乏对微观实在相对静态的认识和微观过程的系统描述。本文试建立自然实在静态波粒二层一体模型,从而对微观过程作出系统描述。 玻尔和海森伯正确地指出,经典物理学的理论框架不适于描述微观过程,但是,又错误地认为微观世界有特殊规律。虚构实在(微观世界有特殊规律)去适应理论,即维护经典物理学在宏观世界的正确性,这是削足适履。通过本文的研究,我们将看到经典物理学的基础理论,即它关于运动载体(粒子和场)的基本模型并不完全符合宏观实际。

函数中的三个“貌似神异”问题

在解有关函数问题时,经常会遇到一些“貌似神异”问题,这些问题容易混淆或干扰同学们的解题思路,因而造成解题出错率高．现罗列三个问题,以引起大家的关注．一、函数对称问题问题1:如果对函数y=f(x)定义域内的任意一个x值。

Characteristics of liver on magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging:Dynamic and image pathological investigation in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model

AIM： To investigate dynamical and image pathological characteristics of the liver on magnetic resonance （MR） diffusion-weighted imaging （DWI） in the rabbit VX-2 tumor model. METHODS： Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and VX-2 tumor piece was implanted intrahepatically. Fifteen animals received two intrahepatic implantations while 25 had one intrahepatical implantation. DWI, T1- and T2-weighted of magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） were carried out on the 7th and the 14th d after implantation and DWI was conducted, respectively on the 21th d. Ten VX-2 tumor samples were studied pathologically. RESULTS： The rate of lump detected by DWI, TlWI and T2WI was 78.7%, 10.7% and 53.5% （X^2 =32.61, P 〈 0.001） on the 7th d after implantation and 95.8%, 54.3% and 82.9% （X^2 = 21.50, P 〈 0.001） on the 14th d. The signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI was uniform and it was equal diffusion coefficient （ADC）. did not decrease on the 7th on the map of apparent The signal of VX tumors d after implantation, most of them slowly growing during the week following implantation without significant cell dying within the tumor. VX-2 tumors grew increasingly within 14 d after implantation but the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uniform or uneven and ADC of VX tumors decreased obscurely or slightly because tumor necrosis was still not obvious. On the 21th d after implantation, the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uneven because tumor necrosis was evident and ADC of VX-2 tumor necrotic areas decreased. The areas of viable cells in VX-2 tumors manifested a high signal on DWI and a low signal on the map of ADC. The areas of dead cells or necrosis in VX-2 tumors manifested low signals on DWI and low, equal or high signals on the map of ADC but they manifested high signals on DWI and on the map of ADC at the same time when the areas of necrotic tumor became liquefied or cystic. The border of tumors on DWI appeared gradually distinct and internal signals of tumor became progressively uneven. CONCLUSION： The manifestations of viable, necrotic and liquefied or cystic areas in VX-2 tumors on DWI are typical and DWI is of significant and potential values in clinical application in both the early detection and diagnosis of liver tumors.

SADDLE-POINT BASED SEPARATION OF TOUCHED OBJECTS IN 2-D IMAGE

In many image analysis and processing problems, discriminating the size and shape of each individual object in an aggregate pile projected in an image is an important practice. It is relatively easy to distinguish these features among the objects already separated from each other. The problems will be undoubtedly more complex and of greater challenge if the objects are touched or/and overlapped. This letter presents an algorithm that can be used to separate the touches and overlaps existing in the objects within a 2-D image. The approach is first to convert the gray-scale image to its corresponding binary one and then to the 3-D topographic one using the erosion operations. A template (or mask) is engineered to search the topographic surface for the saddle point, from which the segmenting orientation is determined followed by the desired separating operation. The algorithm is tested on a real image and the running result is adequately satisfying and encouraging.

A framework of region-based dynamic image fusion

A new framework of region-based dynamic image fusion is proposed. First, the technique of target detection is applied to dynamic images (image sequences) to segment images into different targets and background regions. Then different fusion rules are employed in different regions so that the target information is preserved as much as possible. In addition, steerable non-separable wavelet frame transform is used in the process of multi-resolution analysis, so the system achieves favorable characters of orientation and invariant shift. Compared with other image fusion methods, experimental results showed that the proposed method has better capabilities of target recognition and preserves clear background information.

Correlation analysis-based image segmentation approach for automatic agriculture vehicle

It is important to segment image correctly to extract guidance information for automatic agriculture vehicle. If we can make the computer know where the crops are, we can extract the guidance line easily. Images were divided into some rec-tangle small windows, then a pair of 1-D arrays was constructed in each small windows. The correlation coefficients of every small window constructed the features to segment images. The results showed that correlation analysis is a potential approach for processing complex farmland for guidance system, and more correlation analysis methods must be researched.

On the initiation,movement and deposition of a large landslide in Maoxian County,China

At 5 am 24 th June 2017, a catastrophic landslide hit Xinmo Village, Maoxian County, Sichuan Province, China. The slide mass rushed down from an altitude of 3400 m and traveled 2700 m in a high velocity. The 13 million m^3 deposition buried the whole village and caused about 100 deaths. The source area of the landslide is located in a high steep slope, average slope angle is 40o and maximal angle is 65o. The strata are interbedded Triassic Zagunao Formation metamorphic sandstone and slate with the dip slope angle of 45°. Based on high-resolution satellite remote sensing image, UAV image, DEM data, and field investigation, failure mechanism, travel features, and deposit characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that this landslide was influenced by Songpinggou Fault zone. According to the topography before the failure, the landslide is located in the back scarp of an antecedent landslide induced by Diexi Earthquake in 1933. The bedding slope provided potential rupture surface. Historical seismic activities and long-term gravitational deformation caused rock mass accumulated damages. Weathering and precipitation weakened the rock mass and finally induced shearing and tension failure. A huge block detached from the top rock slope, pushed the past landslide deposits in the middle part, rushed out of the slope bottom in a high velocity and buried the Xinmo Village. The rapid movement entrained and brought the soil into the Songping Gully which recoiled with and bounced back from the opposite mountain.

Fabric Wetting and Wicking Measurement Based on Dynamic Image Acquisition and Processing

After a brief review of existing methods for fabric wetting and wicking measurement,a new numerical approach based on dynamic image acquisition and analysis was proposed to study the liquid wetting and wicking properties of woven fabrics.A measuring system was first developed to record on-site the images of liquid ascending in fabrics for a certain period of time.The hardware and software platforms and the experimental methods were described,and the image processing and analysis as well as other related algorithms were discussed in detail.The liquid front curves and rising rates in wetting and wicking were eventually obtained towards different fabrics.From liquid wicking curves,relationship between liquid ascending height and liquid ascending time agrees well with the Washburn theory.The data comparison between the numerical measurement and the traditional test proves the reliability of the numerical results.

A SEGMENTATION SCHEME FOR HEAD-SHOULDER VIDEO IN MPEG COMPRESSED DOMAIN

More attention has been paid to the study of video object segmentation in compressed domain these years, which has already led to some practical technology. In this paper, a scheme is put forward for segmentation of head-shoulder video in MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group) compressed domain. The conception of DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) feature plane is defined. In the suggested scheme, firstly, the face region is detected by clustering skin-tone DCT feature points in the DCT feature plane. Secondly, the region of head-shoulder is approximately regarded as combination of the head rectangle and shoulder rectangle, and head rectangle is confirmed by double template matching. Thirdly, Canny operator and morphological operation are applied to the region of head-shoulder in feature plane to get the object mask and the region of object mask is rectified by correlation of DCT blocks to get high-quality segmentation.

Digital Autofocusing Method Based on Contourlet Transform

The autofocusing technique based on contourlet transform is discussed in this paper and an autofocusing method is proposed for images with much information in certain directions. The experimental results show that the proposed method can focus accurately and the sensitivity ratio is higher than that of the other autofocusing methods based on conventional image processing

Some Key Technologies of a New-type CNC Curve Grinding Machine

This paper presented a new-type CNC curve grinding machine, in order to conquer the disadvantages of conventional NC curve grinding machine and improve surface quality, dimensional accuracy and machining efficiency. The new-type grinder adopts some high and new technologies: ① the normal tracing device could make grinding wheel coincide with the normal direction of the machining points in work piece, and improve surface quality and dimensional accuracy; ② the digital image on-line recognition system could monitor machining process and compensate wheel wear in real time; ③ linear motor drive mechanism could realize the exact adjustment of the grinding head digitally and increase the machining efficiency. The math models of normal tracing and circular tolerance zone were presented. The experimental results show that the new-type CNC curve grinding machine equipped with the three devices mentioned above is easy to realize the precision grinding of any complex curve, and improve surface quality, dimensional accuracy and machining efficiency.

Behavioral response of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to acute ammonia stress monitored by computer vision

The behavioral responses of a tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) school to low (0.13 mg/L), moderate (0.79 mg/L) and high (2.65 mg/L) levels of unionized ammonia (UIA) concentration were monitored using a computer vision system. The swimming activity and geometrical parameters such as location of the gravity center and distribution of the fish school were calculated continuously. These behavioral parameters of tilapia school responded sensitively to moderate and high UIA concen-tration. Under high UIA concentration the fish activity showed a significant increase (P<0.05), exhibiting an avoidance reaction to high ammonia condition, and then decreased gradually. Under moderate and high UIA concentration the school’s vertical location had significantly large fluctuation (P<0.05) with the school moving up to the water surface then down to the bottom of the aquarium alternately and tending to crowd together. After several hours’ exposure to high UIA level, the school finally stayed at the aquarium bottom. These observations indicate that alterations in fish behavior under acute stress can provide important in-formation useful in predicting the stress.

The Application of Fractal to Design Knitted Sweaters

Pattern design is very important for knitting industry. Fractal theory is adopted to create image automatically, which is applied to design knitted sweaters. Based on Mandelbrot set(M-set), image could be generated automatically by visual basic (VB) program. Plenty of wonderful patterns are created by the following methods: selecting any parts of the image and magnifying, extending generalized M-set, editing the selected images with photoshop. The edited pattern is used to set on any parts of clothes to show fashion effect. Actual knitted structure is simulated by knitting CAD software. The results show that the fractal theory has greater potential applications in knitted pattern design, and it deserves further research.

Measurement of 3-D motion parameters of jacket launch based on stereo image sequences

To make sure that the process of jacket launch occurs in a seml-controlled manner, this paper deals with measurement of kinematic parameters of jacket launch using stereo vision and motion analysis. The system captured stereo image sequences by two separate CCD cameras, and then rebuilt 3D coordinates of the feature points to analyze the jacket launch motion. The possibility of combining stereo vision and motion analysis for measurement was examined. Resuhs by experiments using scale model of jacket confirm the theoretical data.

An edge-preserving algorithm of joint image restoration and volume reconstruction for rotation-scanning 4D echocardiographic images

A statistical algorithm for the reconstruction from time sequence echocardiographic images is proposed in this paper. The ability to jointly restore the images and reconstruct the 3D images without blurring the boundary is the main innovation of this algorithm. First, a Bayesian model based on MAP-MRF is used to reconstruct 3D volume, and extended to deal with the images acquired by rotation scanning method. Then, the spatiotemporal nature of ultrasound images is taken into account for the pa-rameter of energy function, which makes this statistical model anisotropic. Hence not only can this method reconstruct 3D ul-trasound images, but also remove the speckle noise anisotropically. Finally, we illustrate the experiments of our method on the synthetic and medical images and compare it with the isotropic reconstruction method.

GSM-MRF based classification approach for real-time moving object detection

Statistical and contextual information are typically used to detect moving regions in image sequences for a fixed camera.In this paper,we propose a fast and stable linear discriminant approach based on Gaussian Single Model(GSM)and Markov Random Field(MRF).The performance of GSM is analyzed first,and then two main improvements corresponding to the drawbacks of GSM are proposed:the latest filtered data based update scheme of the background model and the linear classification judgment rule based on spatial-temporal feature specified by MRF.Experimental results show that the proposed method runs more rapidly and accurately when compared with other methods.

Reverse Engineering Activity Diagrams from Object Oriented Code： An MDA-Based Approach

The success of system modernization depends on the existence of technical frameworks for information integration and tool interoperation like the Model Driven Architecture （MDA）. Reverse engineering techniques play a crucial role in system modernization. This paper describes how to reverse engineering activity diagrams from object oriented code in the MDA context focusing on transformations at model and metamodel levels. A framework to reverse engineering MDA models from object oriented code that distinguishes three different abstraction levels linked to models, metamodels and formal specifications, is described. At model level, transformations are based on static and dynamic analysis. At metamodel level, transformations are specified as 0CL （Object Constraint Language） contracts between M0F （Meta Object Facility） metamodels which control the consistency of these transformations. The level of formal specification includes algebraic specifications of MOF metamodels and metamodel-based transformations. This paper analyzes a recovery process of activity diagrams from Java code by applying static and dynamic analysis and shows a formalization of this process in terms of MOF metamodels. The authors validate their approach by using Eclipse Modeling Framework, Ecore metamodels and ATL （Atlas Transformation Language）.