超长沉管隧道纵向地震响应频域分析方法

中国目前还没有专门的沉管隧道抗震规范,且以往的地震响应分析方法考虑的因素不够全面,比如通常忽略隧道惯性的影响、不能考虑复杂地基条件、不能考虑沉管底部非一致地震激励以及不能考虑土体动刚度系数和阻尼系数的外部激励频率相关性等。基于此考虑,在借鉴日本水下隧道抗震设计规范所推荐方法(响应位移法)的基础上,利用Winkler地基梁理论和快速Fourier变换技术,建立了动力Winkler地基梁频域分析方法。最后,分别采用响应位移法和本文所提之分析方法对港珠澳大桥海底沉管隧道工程进行了纵向地震响应计算,对两种计算方法作了讨论和评价,并提出了一些对港珠澳沉管隧道工程抗震设计具有参考价值的结论和建议。

Higher mode effects in hinged wall with BRBsin base-frame structures using distributed parameter models

To investigate the effect of higher modes on the displacement and inner forces in HWBB(hinged wall with buckling-restrained braces in base)-frame structure,distributed parameter models for both the HWBB-hinged frame structure and the HWBB-MRF(moment resisting frame)structure are built.The hinged wall is simplified as a flexural beam.BRBs(bucking-restrained braces)are simplified to a rotational spring.MRF is simplified to a shear beam.Vibration equations of distributed parameter models are derived.Natural periods,natural modes of vibration,inner forces and displacements of the distributed parameter models are derived based on the vibration equations using numerical methods.The effect of the relative stiffness ratio and the rotational stiffness ratio on the higher mode effects is investigated.For elastic structures,the global displacement and shear in MRF are predominantly controlled by the first mode,while the shear and bending moment in the wall are significantly affected by higher mode effects.The effect of the yielding of BRB on the inner forces distribution in the HWBB-hinged frame is investigated.The results indicate that the first mode will no longer contribute to the inner forces and the contribution from higher modes to inner forces increases after the BRBs yield.Displacement is not sensitive to higher mode effects and it is controlled by the first mode after the BRBs yield.Parameter analysis demonstrates that the displacement amplitudes are reduced with the increase in the flexural stiffness of the wall before the flexural stiffness reaches a certain value.The first three periods decrease with the increase in the rotational stiffness.With the increase in the rotational stiffness ratio,the contribution from the first mode decreases while contributions from both the second mode and third mode increase.

Simulation and Experimental Research for Piping Damper with Plunger-type Accumulator

It can be beneficial to reduce vibrations in shipboard piping, so the authors designed a new kind of piping damper with a plunger-type accumulator.Special requirements for the piping damper included low impact displacement, low speed, as well as an appropriate locking speed.Inside the damper, a plunger-type accumulator was installed and on the outside of the piston rod, a tube with exposed corrugations was added.Between the piston and the cylinder, a clearance seal was added.Using mathematical modeling, the effects of the dynamic performance of the damper's impact displacement on vibrations were observed.Changes to the clearance between the piston and the cylinder, the stiffness of the spring in the accumulator, the throttle valve size, and locking speed resistance of the damper were respectively simulated and studied.Based on the results of the simulation, dampers with optimal parameters were developed and tested with different accumulator spring stiffnesses and different throttles.The simulation and experimental results showed that parameters such as seal clearance between piston and cylinder, accumulator spring stiffness and throttle parameters have significant effects on the damper's impact displacement, low speed resistance and locking speed.