AIM： To study the immuno-modulatory effect of resveratrol （RES） on allograft rejection after liver transplantation in rats. METHODS： Male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were selected as donors and male Wistar rats as ...AIM： To study the immuno-modulatory effect of resveratrol （RES） on allograft rejection after liver transplantation in rats. METHODS： Male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were selected as donors and male Wistar rats as recipients for a rejection model. The recipients were divided into four groups after orthotopic liver transplantation （OLTx）. In the RES A, B, and C groups, RES was given intra-peritoneally once a day （25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, respectively） after OLTx, whereas in the control group, vehicle buffer was given intra-peritoneally once a day. The survival time, serum chemistry, production of cytokines, activation of transcription factor NF-kB, and histopathologic findings were then compared among these groups. RESULTS： The mean survival time after OLTx in the RES C group was significantly longer than that in the control group （16.7＋-1.2 d ,vs9.3＋-0.6 d, P〈0.01）. On the 7th posttransplant day the serum albumin level significantly improved in the RES C group, the serum total bile acid and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） levels were significantly lower in the RES C group, the serum IL-2 and INF-y levels were significantly lower in the RES C group, and the activation of transcription factor NF-kB in peripheral blood T lymphocytes was significantly suppressed in the RES A, B, and C groups in comparison to those in the control group. On the 7^th post-transplant day, a histological examination revealed apparent difference in the severity of rejection between the RES C group and control group. CONCLUSION： RES has an immuno-suppressive property as well as protective effect on hepatocytes under allograft rejection. It might serve as a novel agent for reducing the severity of hepatic allograft rejection in rats.展开更多
AIM: The regional distributions and relative frequencies of some gastric endocrine cells of C57BL/6 mice were studied by immunohistochemical method using seven types of specific antisera against chromogranin A (CGA), ...AIM: The regional distributions and relative frequencies of some gastric endocrine cells of C57BL/6 mice were studied by immunohistochemical method using seven types of specific antisera against chromogranin A (CGA), serotonin, somatostatin, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8, glucagon and human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP) after subcutaneous implantation of murine lung carcinoma (3LL) cells. METHODS: The experimental animals were divided into two groups, one is non-implanted sham and the other is 3LL-implanted group. Samples were collected from the two regions of stomach (fundus and pylorus) at 28 d after implantation of 3LL cells (1x105 cell/mouse). RESULTS: In this study, all the seven types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified except for HPP. Most of these IR cells in the gastric portion were generally spherical or spindle in shape (open-type cell) while cells showing round in shape (closed-type cell) were found occasionally. The regional distributions of gastric endocrine cells in the 3LL-implanted group were similar to those of non-implanted sham. However, significant decreases of some types of IR cells were detected in 3LL-implanted group compared to those of non-implanted sham. In addition, the IR cells showing degranulation were numerously detected in 3LL-implanted group. CGA-, serotonin- and somatostatin-IR cells in the fundus and pylorus regions, and gastrin-IR cells in the pylorus regions of 3LL-implanted groups significantly decreased compared to those of non-implanted sham. However, no changes on frequencies of CCK-8- and glucagon-IR cells were demonstrated between 3LL-implanted and non-implanted groups. CONCLUSION: Endocrine cells are the anatomical units responsible for the production of gut hormones, and the change in their density would reflect a change in the capacity of producing these hormones. Implantation of tumor cell mass (3LL) induced severe quantitative changes of gastric endocrine cell density, and the abnormality in density of gastric endocrine cells may contribute to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia and indigestion, frequently encountered in patients with cancer.展开更多
Objective: To find out an effective fixative in immunohistochemistry for high-affinity neurotrophin receptor-tyrosine kinase (Trk) B. Methods: Comparing the results from four groups of adult rats which were fixed by d...Objective: To find out an effective fixative in immunohistochemistry for high-affinity neurotrophin receptor-tyrosine kinase (Trk) B. Methods: Comparing the results from four groups of adult rats which were fixed by different fixatives before the brain sections were processed for TrkB immunohistochemistry. Results: In the four groups, TrkB immunoreactive cells were observed throughout the whole brain, but the intensity of immunoreactive cells and the background staining exhibited a marked difference among the groups. Conclusion: Using 0.3%-0.5% paraformaldehyde in 75% saturated picric acid 0.1 mol/L di-sodium hydrogen phosphate buffer as the fixative may yield the best quality of TrkB immunoreactivity.展开更多
AIM: To study the distributions and frequencies of intestinal endocrine cells in the C57BL/6 mouse with immunohistochemical method using seven types of specific antisera against chromogranin A (CGA), serotonin,somatos...AIM: To study the distributions and frequencies of intestinal endocrine cells in the C57BL/6 mouse with immunohistochemical method using seven types of specific antisera against chromogranin A (CGA), serotonin,somatostatin, glucagons, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8 and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) after abdominal subcutaneous implantation of murine lung carcinoma (3LL).METHODS: The experimental animals were divided into two groups, one is non-implanted Sham and the other is 3LL-implanted group. Samples were collected from six regions of intestinal tract at 28th d after implantation of 3LL cells (1×105 cell/mouse).RESULTS: In this study, five types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified except for gastrin and hPP. The regional distributions of the intestinal endocrine cells in the 3LL-implanted group were similar to those of the non-implanted Sham. However, significant decreases of IR cells were detected in 3LL-implanted group compared to those of non-implanted Sham. CGA- and serotonin-IR cells significantly decreased in 3LL-implanted groups compared to that of non-implanted Sham. Somatostatin-IR cells in the jejunum and ileum and CCK-8-IR cells in the jejunum of 3LL-implanted groups significantly decreased compared to that of non-implanted Sham. In addition,glucagon-IR cells were restricted to the ileum and colon of non-implanted Sham.CONCLUSION: Implantation of tumor cell mass (3LL)induced severe quantifiable changes of intestinal endocrine cell density and the abnormality in density of intestinal endocrine cells may contribute to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia and indigestion, frequently encountered in patients with cancer.展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of imbalance between lysosomal enzymes and their inhibitors in blood on disturbance of the local and whole body after trauma.Methods: The dynamic changes of lysosomal enzymes and protein...Objective: To study the effect of imbalance between lysosomal enzymes and their inhibitors in blood on disturbance of the local and whole body after trauma.Methods: The dynamic changes of lysosomal enzymes and proteinase inhibitors were studied in 12 pigs with femoral comminuted fractures in both hind limbs caused by high velocity missiles. Four normal pigs served as controls.Results: After injury, the activity of Cathepsin D in arterial plasma increased gradually and reached the highest level at 8 hours, acid phosphatase in serum began to increase at 12 hours and the value of serum elastase did not change significantly. The level of αl-antitrypsin, a proteinase inhibitor in plasma, decreased significantly in the early stage after injury [ 73.5% ±6.4% and 81.0% ±5.1% of the baseline value (1.67 μmol · ml-1 · min-1 ± 0.29 μmol · ml-1 · min-1) at 1 and 2 hours after injury, respectively, P < 0.05 ], then increased gradually and was higher than the baseline value at 12 hours after injury.Conclusions: Imbalance between lysosomal enzymes and proteinase inhibitors occurs soon after injury, which might result in continuous tissue damage and play an important role in the disturbance of general reaction after injury.展开更多
文摘AIM： To study the immuno-modulatory effect of resveratrol （RES） on allograft rejection after liver transplantation in rats. METHODS： Male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were selected as donors and male Wistar rats as recipients for a rejection model. The recipients were divided into four groups after orthotopic liver transplantation （OLTx）. In the RES A, B, and C groups, RES was given intra-peritoneally once a day （25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, respectively） after OLTx, whereas in the control group, vehicle buffer was given intra-peritoneally once a day. The survival time, serum chemistry, production of cytokines, activation of transcription factor NF-kB, and histopathologic findings were then compared among these groups. RESULTS： The mean survival time after OLTx in the RES C group was significantly longer than that in the control group （16.7＋-1.2 d ,vs9.3＋-0.6 d, P〈0.01）. On the 7th posttransplant day the serum albumin level significantly improved in the RES C group, the serum total bile acid and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） levels were significantly lower in the RES C group, the serum IL-2 and INF-y levels were significantly lower in the RES C group, and the activation of transcription factor NF-kB in peripheral blood T lymphocytes was significantly suppressed in the RES A, B, and C groups in comparison to those in the control group. On the 7^th post-transplant day, a histological examination revealed apparent difference in the severity of rejection between the RES C group and control group. CONCLUSION： RES has an immuno-suppressive property as well as protective effect on hepatocytes under allograft rejection. It might serve as a novel agent for reducing the severity of hepatic allograft rejection in rats.
文摘AIM: The regional distributions and relative frequencies of some gastric endocrine cells of C57BL/6 mice were studied by immunohistochemical method using seven types of specific antisera against chromogranin A (CGA), serotonin, somatostatin, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8, glucagon and human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP) after subcutaneous implantation of murine lung carcinoma (3LL) cells. METHODS: The experimental animals were divided into two groups, one is non-implanted sham and the other is 3LL-implanted group. Samples were collected from the two regions of stomach (fundus and pylorus) at 28 d after implantation of 3LL cells (1x105 cell/mouse). RESULTS: In this study, all the seven types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified except for HPP. Most of these IR cells in the gastric portion were generally spherical or spindle in shape (open-type cell) while cells showing round in shape (closed-type cell) were found occasionally. The regional distributions of gastric endocrine cells in the 3LL-implanted group were similar to those of non-implanted sham. However, significant decreases of some types of IR cells were detected in 3LL-implanted group compared to those of non-implanted sham. In addition, the IR cells showing degranulation were numerously detected in 3LL-implanted group. CGA-, serotonin- and somatostatin-IR cells in the fundus and pylorus regions, and gastrin-IR cells in the pylorus regions of 3LL-implanted groups significantly decreased compared to those of non-implanted sham. However, no changes on frequencies of CCK-8- and glucagon-IR cells were demonstrated between 3LL-implanted and non-implanted groups. CONCLUSION: Endocrine cells are the anatomical units responsible for the production of gut hormones, and the change in their density would reflect a change in the capacity of producing these hormones. Implantation of tumor cell mass (3LL) induced severe quantitative changes of gastric endocrine cell density, and the abnormality in density of gastric endocrine cells may contribute to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia and indigestion, frequently encountered in patients with cancer.
文摘Objective: To find out an effective fixative in immunohistochemistry for high-affinity neurotrophin receptor-tyrosine kinase (Trk) B. Methods: Comparing the results from four groups of adult rats which were fixed by different fixatives before the brain sections were processed for TrkB immunohistochemistry. Results: In the four groups, TrkB immunoreactive cells were observed throughout the whole brain, but the intensity of immunoreactive cells and the background staining exhibited a marked difference among the groups. Conclusion: Using 0.3%-0.5% paraformaldehyde in 75% saturated picric acid 0.1 mol/L di-sodium hydrogen phosphate buffer as the fixative may yield the best quality of TrkB immunoreactivity.
文摘AIM: To study the distributions and frequencies of intestinal endocrine cells in the C57BL/6 mouse with immunohistochemical method using seven types of specific antisera against chromogranin A (CGA), serotonin,somatostatin, glucagons, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8 and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) after abdominal subcutaneous implantation of murine lung carcinoma (3LL).METHODS: The experimental animals were divided into two groups, one is non-implanted Sham and the other is 3LL-implanted group. Samples were collected from six regions of intestinal tract at 28th d after implantation of 3LL cells (1×105 cell/mouse).RESULTS: In this study, five types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified except for gastrin and hPP. The regional distributions of the intestinal endocrine cells in the 3LL-implanted group were similar to those of the non-implanted Sham. However, significant decreases of IR cells were detected in 3LL-implanted group compared to those of non-implanted Sham. CGA- and serotonin-IR cells significantly decreased in 3LL-implanted groups compared to that of non-implanted Sham. Somatostatin-IR cells in the jejunum and ileum and CCK-8-IR cells in the jejunum of 3LL-implanted groups significantly decreased compared to that of non-implanted Sham. In addition,glucagon-IR cells were restricted to the ileum and colon of non-implanted Sham.CONCLUSION: Implantation of tumor cell mass (3LL)induced severe quantifiable changes of intestinal endocrine cell density and the abnormality in density of intestinal endocrine cells may contribute to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia and indigestion, frequently encountered in patients with cancer.
文摘Objective: To study the effect of imbalance between lysosomal enzymes and their inhibitors in blood on disturbance of the local and whole body after trauma.Methods: The dynamic changes of lysosomal enzymes and proteinase inhibitors were studied in 12 pigs with femoral comminuted fractures in both hind limbs caused by high velocity missiles. Four normal pigs served as controls.Results: After injury, the activity of Cathepsin D in arterial plasma increased gradually and reached the highest level at 8 hours, acid phosphatase in serum began to increase at 12 hours and the value of serum elastase did not change significantly. The level of αl-antitrypsin, a proteinase inhibitor in plasma, decreased significantly in the early stage after injury [ 73.5% ±6.4% and 81.0% ±5.1% of the baseline value (1.67 μmol · ml-1 · min-1 ± 0.29 μmol · ml-1 · min-1) at 1 and 2 hours after injury, respectively, P < 0.05 ], then increased gradually and was higher than the baseline value at 12 hours after injury.Conclusions: Imbalance between lysosomal enzymes and proteinase inhibitors occurs soon after injury, which might result in continuous tissue damage and play an important role in the disturbance of general reaction after injury.
