AIM: To investigate dynamical and image pathological characteristics of the liver on magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the rabbit VX-2 tumor model. METHODS: Forty New Zealand rabbits we...AIM: To investigate dynamical and image pathological characteristics of the liver on magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the rabbit VX-2 tumor model. METHODS: Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and VX-2 tumor piece was implanted intrahepatically. Fifteen animals received two intrahepatic implantations while 25 had one intrahepatical implantation. DWI, T1- and T2-weighted of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were carried out on the 7th and the 14th d after implantation and DWI was conducted, respectively on the 21th d. Ten VX-2 tumor samples were studied pathologically. RESULTS: The rate of lump detected by DWI, TlWI and T2WI was 78.7%, 10.7% and 53.5% (X^2 =32.61, P 〈 0.001) on the 7th d after implantation and 95.8%, 54.3% and 82.9% (X^2 = 21.50, P 〈 0.001) on the 14th d. The signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI was uniform and it was equal diffusion coefficient (ADC). did not decrease on the 7th on the map of apparent The signal of VX tumors d after implantation, most of them slowly growing during the week following implantation without significant cell dying within the tumor. VX-2 tumors grew increasingly within 14 d after implantation but the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uniform or uneven and ADC of VX tumors decreased obscurely or slightly because tumor necrosis was still not obvious. On the 21th d after implantation, the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uneven because tumor necrosis was evident and ADC of VX-2 tumor necrotic areas decreased. The areas of viable cells in VX-2 tumors manifested a high signal on DWI and a low signal on the map of ADC. The areas of dead cells or necrosis in VX-2 tumors manifested low signals on DWI and low, equal or high signals on the map of ADC but they manifested high signals on DWI and on the map of ADC at the same time when the areas of necrotic tumor became liquefied or cystic. The border of tumors on DWI appeared gradually distinct and internal signals of tumor became progressively uneven. CONCLUSION: The manifestations of viable, necrotic and liquefied or cystic areas in VX-2 tumors on DWI are typical and DWI is of significant and potential values in clinical application in both the early detection and diagnosis of liver tumors.展开更多
The chromosomal localization of 45S ribosomal RNA genes in Ambystoma jeffersonianum was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA fragment as a probe (FISH-rDNA). Our results revealed the presence...The chromosomal localization of 45S ribosomal RNA genes in Ambystoma jeffersonianum was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA fragment as a probe (FISH-rDNA). Our results revealed the presence of rDNA polymorphism among A.jeffersonianum populations in terms of number,location and FISH signal intensity on the chromosomes. Nine rDNA cytotypes were found in ten geographically isolated populations and most of them contained derivative rDNA sites. Our preliminary study provides strong indication of karyotypic diversification of A.jeffersonianum that is demonstrated by intraspecific variation of 45S rDNA cytotypes. rDNA cytotype polymorphism has been described in many other caudate amphibians. We predict that habitat isolation,low dispersal ability and decline of effective population size could facilitate the fixation and accumulation of variable rDNA cytotypes during their chromosome evolution.展开更多
As a very important component of a coastal system, tidal flats come to be a focus of the studies on land-ocean interaction in the coastal zone because those areas are subjected to intense human activities and are high...As a very important component of a coastal system, tidal flats come to be a focus of the studies on land-ocean interaction in the coastal zone because those areas are subjected to intense human activities and are highly sensitive to the global change. The Quanzhou Bay, located along the middle part of Fujian coast of China, covers about 136.4km^2, and the area of coastal wetland in the entire bay from intertidal to subtidal with 6m of water depth accounts for 96% of the total area. Seven short cores were collected and divided in situ with the interval of 5cm on the coastal wetlands of Quanzhou Bay on April 19, 2006. The sediment samples were scattered and the grain sizes were measured by using Mastersizer 2000. Human beings' activities on tidal fiat have disturbed the vertical distribution of sediments in stratigraphic sequence and accelerated the sedimentation rates. Grain size analysis results show that the grain size diameters increase and sediment becomes worse sorted towards the sea under the strong human disturbance; Spartina alterniflora can play a role of trapping the fine sediment; but near the bank, the sediment becomes coarse and there are two peak values on frequency curve influenced by the sandpile. The trough formed by human activities along the coastline changes the transport path of water and suspended sediment. The sediments are transported through the trough and deposit in it during the flood; the ebb flow is retarded by the flow output through the adjacent trough, and the deposited sediment can not be re-suspended; then, the sedimentation rate increases. In situ observation show that the sedimentation rate is about 8-10cm/yr.展开更多
The Wind Among the Reeds, written from 1889 to 1939, is regarded as one of the most remarkable poetry collections of William Butler Yeats. It altogether includes 80 poems touching upon several themes such as love, rel...The Wind Among the Reeds, written from 1889 to 1939, is regarded as one of the most remarkable poetry collections of William Butler Yeats. It altogether includes 80 poems touching upon several themes such as love, religion, dignity, and life. Yeats is one of the most distinguished Irish poets throughout the world, whose works perfectly embody the incorporation of romanticism, modernism, and occultism. It is noteworthy that in some of his poems, animals are portrayed frequently or even taken as the title of a poem, such as bird, fish, swan and so on. Therefore, this essay attempts to study the meaning of animal images of this poetry anthology in terms of different writing phases of Yeats. Firstly, the author builds the corpus of The Wind Among the Reeds and employs corpus search software Ant Cone to check the number and distribution of the animal image. Next, the author focuses on certain prominent images and investigates them further by analyzing the concordance lines of them. Thirdly, according to the result of distribution information, the author also attaches importance to the phenomenon of image combination in the poetry and then explores its function and effect. To conclude, by exploring the animal image in The WindAmong the Reeds, a deeper understanding of the poetry and the writing style of the poet will be gained on another level. What is more, a more direct and objective data is provided through the method of corpus and its relevant software, thereupon a new research approach is introduced.展开更多
We analytically give the financial rogue waves in the nonlinear option pricing model due to Ivancevic,which is nonlinear wave alternative of the Black-Scholes model.These rogue wave solutions may be used to describe t...We analytically give the financial rogue waves in the nonlinear option pricing model due to Ivancevic,which is nonlinear wave alternative of the Black-Scholes model.These rogue wave solutions may be used to describe thepossible physical mechanisms for rogue wave phenomenon in financial markets and related fields.展开更多
Realistic modeling and rendering of dynamic tornado scene is recognized as a challenging task for researchers of computer graphics. In this paper a new physically based method for simulating and animating tornado scen...Realistic modeling and rendering of dynamic tornado scene is recognized as a challenging task for researchers of computer graphics. In this paper a new physically based method for simulating and animating tornado scene is presented. We first propose a Two-Fluid model based on the physical theory of tornado, then we simulate the flow of tornado and its interaction with surrounding objects such as debris, etc. Taking the scattering and absorption of light by the participating media into account, the illumination effects of the tornado scene can be generated realistically. With the support of graphics hardware, various kinds of dynamic tornado scenes can be rendered at interactive rates.展开更多
As one of the Confucian classics, Shijing (i~) occupies a pivotal position in the development of Chinese culture. This paper makes a comparative study on the English translation of plant and animal images in Shijing...As one of the Confucian classics, Shijing (i~) occupies a pivotal position in the development of Chinese culture. This paper makes a comparative study on the English translation of plant and animal images in Shijing, trying to reveal the cultural connotations in them and to suggest some translation strategies for the correct transference of cultural implications in plant and animal images in the poems of this ancient book.展开更多
This paper introduces to fluid state physics (fluid mechanics) a new interpretation of physical phenomena taking place in a fluid in motion. It introduces the base of a new theory claiming that every flow has its ow...This paper introduces to fluid state physics (fluid mechanics) a new interpretation of physical phenomena taking place in a fluid in motion. It introduces the base of a new theory claiming that every flow has its own internal structure of motion, which is definite organization of motion, rather than a "molecular chaos", known from the fluid statics. The paper introduces the new notion of structures vector fields of power and momentum and shows every Newtonian fluid flows are dual in character. It shows that the flow of Newtonian fluid has a dual character. It demonstrates on models and further in mathematical interpretation of physical phenomena. It introduces, on the one hand, the cycloidal motion model into the fluid mechanics, ad on the other hand an addition to the known, the classical model of Poiseuille laminar motion. The theory of dualism (double nature of physical phenomena) allows the description of selected characteristics of the flow, either by using the theory ofcycloidal motion (semicycloidal), or by using the supplemented theory of laminar motion. The dualism theory is useful to describe each type of flows both, laminar and turbulent. This paper is only an introduction to the theory. It has been assigned number 1. It has been granted a high priority, since it contains basic concepts that will be used in others, following papers of long cycle.展开更多
The thesis aims to explain the functions of componential analysis to animal images in The Classic of Mountains and Seas. It serves as a treasure to the tremendous Chinese classics. However, as most of the animal image...The thesis aims to explain the functions of componential analysis to animal images in The Classic of Mountains and Seas. It serves as a treasure to the tremendous Chinese classics. However, as most of the animal images in the classic book are rarely seen in daily life, translation of animal images in the ancient Chinese book remains a hard nut to crack. In this case, explicit and accurate interpretation of these culture-loaded items is crucial to make readers understand. However, few previous studies touched upon this area. In this case, componential analysis serves as a solution. As an effective approach for analyzing semantic components, componential analysis is an effective way to break down semantic components of words and make them easily understood. In the previous studies, papers relating translation to componential analysis were not the majority. Among them, few papers are concerning application of componential analysis to the translation of literary works. In this essay, the analysis of animal images could be interpreted in lexical and textual level respectively. In this case, componential analysis bridges the gap for culture differences and enables readers of target language to savor the beauty. Therefore, readers of the target language can enjoy alien cultures of ancient China by reading this translated version.展开更多
After an aerial object enters the water, physical changes to sounds in the water caused by the accompanying bubbles are quite complex. As a result, traditional signal analyzing methods cannot identify the real physica...After an aerial object enters the water, physical changes to sounds in the water caused by the accompanying bubbles are quite complex. As a result, traditional signal analyzing methods cannot identify the real physical object. In view of this situation, a novel method for analyzing the sounds caused by an aerial object’s entry into water was proposed. This method analyzes the vibrational mode of the bubbles by using empitical mode decomposition. Experimental results showed that this method can efficiently remove noise and extract the broadband pulse signal and low-frequency fluctuating signal, producing an accurate resolution of entry time and frequency. This shows the improved performance of the proposed method.展开更多
This paper introduces the film "Kung Fu Panda," which contains the elements of Chinese culture and Western culture, respectively, from the philosophical thinking, animal image, folk life and expression of Chinglish ...This paper introduces the film "Kung Fu Panda," which contains the elements of Chinese culture and Western culture, respectively, from the philosophical thinking, animal image, folk life and expression of Chinglish and etiquette introduced Chinese elements, from individualism, fatalism and character introduced western culture reflected in the movie.The success of the film in the world shows that the new trend of the integration of Chinese and Western culture in the context of globalization. At the end of the paper, it gives the inspiration of the film "Kung Fu Panda" to the Chinese culture communication.展开更多
Based on the scaling idea of local slopes by Lopez et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) 166103], we investigate anomalous dynamic scaling of (d + 1)-dimensional surface growth equations with spatially and temporall...Based on the scaling idea of local slopes by Lopez et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) 166103], we investigate anomalous dynamic scaling of (d + 1)-dimensional surface growth equations with spatially and temporally correlated noise. The growth equations studied include the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ), Sun-Guo-Grant (SGG), and Lai-Das Sarma-Villain (LDV) equations. The anomalous scaling exponents in both the weak- and strong-coupling regions are obtained, respectively.展开更多
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is initially considered as a physiological phenomenon during the embryogenesis of mammals, as well as a basic biological event maintaining the stability of the vital body. Rec...Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is initially considered as a physiological phenomenon during the embryogenesis of mammals, as well as a basic biological event maintaining the stability of the vital body. Recent researches indicated that EMT plays a critical role in various tumors progression, through which epithelial cancers invade and metastasize. The cell characteristics are changed during EMT, in which the cells lose cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and apical polarity, reorganize their cytoskeleton, and become isolated, motile, as well as resistant to anoikis, then become spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells. This review lays emphasis on studying the cell morphogenesis, makers and molecular mechanism regulation about EMT, discussing the relationship between the EMT and the cancer development and metastasis.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30070235, 30470508The Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, No. 08JJ5043+1 种基金The Science and Technolgy Foundation of Hunan Province, No. 06FJ3120, 2007SK3072the Medical Science and Technology Foundation of Hunan Province, No. B2006-159
文摘AIM: To investigate dynamical and image pathological characteristics of the liver on magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the rabbit VX-2 tumor model. METHODS: Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and VX-2 tumor piece was implanted intrahepatically. Fifteen animals received two intrahepatic implantations while 25 had one intrahepatical implantation. DWI, T1- and T2-weighted of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were carried out on the 7th and the 14th d after implantation and DWI was conducted, respectively on the 21th d. Ten VX-2 tumor samples were studied pathologically. RESULTS: The rate of lump detected by DWI, TlWI and T2WI was 78.7%, 10.7% and 53.5% (X^2 =32.61, P 〈 0.001) on the 7th d after implantation and 95.8%, 54.3% and 82.9% (X^2 = 21.50, P 〈 0.001) on the 14th d. The signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI was uniform and it was equal diffusion coefficient (ADC). did not decrease on the 7th on the map of apparent The signal of VX tumors d after implantation, most of them slowly growing during the week following implantation without significant cell dying within the tumor. VX-2 tumors grew increasingly within 14 d after implantation but the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uniform or uneven and ADC of VX tumors decreased obscurely or slightly because tumor necrosis was still not obvious. On the 21th d after implantation, the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uneven because tumor necrosis was evident and ADC of VX-2 tumor necrotic areas decreased. The areas of viable cells in VX-2 tumors manifested a high signal on DWI and a low signal on the map of ADC. The areas of dead cells or necrosis in VX-2 tumors manifested low signals on DWI and low, equal or high signals on the map of ADC but they manifested high signals on DWI and on the map of ADC at the same time when the areas of necrotic tumor became liquefied or cystic. The border of tumors on DWI appeared gradually distinct and internal signals of tumor became progressively uneven. CONCLUSION: The manifestations of viable, necrotic and liquefied or cystic areas in VX-2 tumors on DWI are typical and DWI is of significant and potential values in clinical application in both the early detection and diagnosis of liver tumors.
文摘The chromosomal localization of 45S ribosomal RNA genes in Ambystoma jeffersonianum was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA fragment as a probe (FISH-rDNA). Our results revealed the presence of rDNA polymorphism among A.jeffersonianum populations in terms of number,location and FISH signal intensity on the chromosomes. Nine rDNA cytotypes were found in ten geographically isolated populations and most of them contained derivative rDNA sites. Our preliminary study provides strong indication of karyotypic diversification of A.jeffersonianum that is demonstrated by intraspecific variation of 45S rDNA cytotypes. rDNA cytotype polymorphism has been described in many other caudate amphibians. We predict that habitat isolation,low dispersal ability and decline of effective population size could facilitate the fixation and accumulation of variable rDNA cytotypes during their chromosome evolution.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40606012)the Marine Science Youth Fund of State Oceanic Administration of China(No.2006312)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.D0510025)
文摘As a very important component of a coastal system, tidal flats come to be a focus of the studies on land-ocean interaction in the coastal zone because those areas are subjected to intense human activities and are highly sensitive to the global change. The Quanzhou Bay, located along the middle part of Fujian coast of China, covers about 136.4km^2, and the area of coastal wetland in the entire bay from intertidal to subtidal with 6m of water depth accounts for 96% of the total area. Seven short cores were collected and divided in situ with the interval of 5cm on the coastal wetlands of Quanzhou Bay on April 19, 2006. The sediment samples were scattered and the grain sizes were measured by using Mastersizer 2000. Human beings' activities on tidal fiat have disturbed the vertical distribution of sediments in stratigraphic sequence and accelerated the sedimentation rates. Grain size analysis results show that the grain size diameters increase and sediment becomes worse sorted towards the sea under the strong human disturbance; Spartina alterniflora can play a role of trapping the fine sediment; but near the bank, the sediment becomes coarse and there are two peak values on frequency curve influenced by the sandpile. The trough formed by human activities along the coastline changes the transport path of water and suspended sediment. The sediments are transported through the trough and deposit in it during the flood; the ebb flow is retarded by the flow output through the adjacent trough, and the deposited sediment can not be re-suspended; then, the sedimentation rate increases. In situ observation show that the sedimentation rate is about 8-10cm/yr.
文摘The Wind Among the Reeds, written from 1889 to 1939, is regarded as one of the most remarkable poetry collections of William Butler Yeats. It altogether includes 80 poems touching upon several themes such as love, religion, dignity, and life. Yeats is one of the most distinguished Irish poets throughout the world, whose works perfectly embody the incorporation of romanticism, modernism, and occultism. It is noteworthy that in some of his poems, animals are portrayed frequently or even taken as the title of a poem, such as bird, fish, swan and so on. Therefore, this essay attempts to study the meaning of animal images of this poetry anthology in terms of different writing phases of Yeats. Firstly, the author builds the corpus of The Wind Among the Reeds and employs corpus search software Ant Cone to check the number and distribution of the animal image. Next, the author focuses on certain prominent images and investigates them further by analyzing the concordance lines of them. Thirdly, according to the result of distribution information, the author also attaches importance to the phenomenon of image combination in the poetry and then explores its function and effect. To conclude, by exploring the animal image in The WindAmong the Reeds, a deeper understanding of the poetry and the writing style of the poet will be gained on another level. What is more, a more direct and objective data is provided through the method of corpus and its relevant software, thereupon a new research approach is introduced.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60821002/F02
文摘We analytically give the financial rogue waves in the nonlinear option pricing model due to Ivancevic,which is nonlinear wave alternative of the Black-Scholes model.These rogue wave solutions may be used to describe thepossible physical mechanisms for rogue wave phenomenon in financial markets and related fields.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2002CB312101) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60475013)
文摘Realistic modeling and rendering of dynamic tornado scene is recognized as a challenging task for researchers of computer graphics. In this paper a new physically based method for simulating and animating tornado scene is presented. We first propose a Two-Fluid model based on the physical theory of tornado, then we simulate the flow of tornado and its interaction with surrounding objects such as debris, etc. Taking the scattering and absorption of light by the participating media into account, the illumination effects of the tornado scene can be generated realistically. With the support of graphics hardware, various kinds of dynamic tornado scenes can be rendered at interactive rates.
文摘As one of the Confucian classics, Shijing (i~) occupies a pivotal position in the development of Chinese culture. This paper makes a comparative study on the English translation of plant and animal images in Shijing, trying to reveal the cultural connotations in them and to suggest some translation strategies for the correct transference of cultural implications in plant and animal images in the poems of this ancient book.
文摘This paper introduces to fluid state physics (fluid mechanics) a new interpretation of physical phenomena taking place in a fluid in motion. It introduces the base of a new theory claiming that every flow has its own internal structure of motion, which is definite organization of motion, rather than a "molecular chaos", known from the fluid statics. The paper introduces the new notion of structures vector fields of power and momentum and shows every Newtonian fluid flows are dual in character. It shows that the flow of Newtonian fluid has a dual character. It demonstrates on models and further in mathematical interpretation of physical phenomena. It introduces, on the one hand, the cycloidal motion model into the fluid mechanics, ad on the other hand an addition to the known, the classical model of Poiseuille laminar motion. The theory of dualism (double nature of physical phenomena) allows the description of selected characteristics of the flow, either by using the theory ofcycloidal motion (semicycloidal), or by using the supplemented theory of laminar motion. The dualism theory is useful to describe each type of flows both, laminar and turbulent. This paper is only an introduction to the theory. It has been assigned number 1. It has been granted a high priority, since it contains basic concepts that will be used in others, following papers of long cycle.
文摘The thesis aims to explain the functions of componential analysis to animal images in The Classic of Mountains and Seas. It serves as a treasure to the tremendous Chinese classics. However, as most of the animal images in the classic book are rarely seen in daily life, translation of animal images in the ancient Chinese book remains a hard nut to crack. In this case, explicit and accurate interpretation of these culture-loaded items is crucial to make readers understand. However, few previous studies touched upon this area. In this case, componential analysis serves as a solution. As an effective approach for analyzing semantic components, componential analysis is an effective way to break down semantic components of words and make them easily understood. In the previous studies, papers relating translation to componential analysis were not the majority. Among them, few papers are concerning application of componential analysis to the translation of literary works. In this essay, the analysis of animal images could be interpreted in lexical and textual level respectively. In this case, componential analysis bridges the gap for culture differences and enables readers of target language to savor the beauty. Therefore, readers of the target language can enjoy alien cultures of ancient China by reading this translated version.
文摘After an aerial object enters the water, physical changes to sounds in the water caused by the accompanying bubbles are quite complex. As a result, traditional signal analyzing methods cannot identify the real physical object. In view of this situation, a novel method for analyzing the sounds caused by an aerial object’s entry into water was proposed. This method analyzes the vibrational mode of the bubbles by using empitical mode decomposition. Experimental results showed that this method can efficiently remove noise and extract the broadband pulse signal and low-frequency fluctuating signal, producing an accurate resolution of entry time and frequency. This shows the improved performance of the proposed method.
文摘This paper introduces the film "Kung Fu Panda," which contains the elements of Chinese culture and Western culture, respectively, from the philosophical thinking, animal image, folk life and expression of Chinglish and etiquette introduced Chinese elements, from individualism, fatalism and character introduced western culture reflected in the movie.The success of the film in the world shows that the new trend of the integration of Chinese and Western culture in the context of globalization. At the end of the paper, it gives the inspiration of the film "Kung Fu Panda" to the Chinese culture communication.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10674177
文摘Based on the scaling idea of local slopes by Lopez et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) 166103], we investigate anomalous dynamic scaling of (d + 1)-dimensional surface growth equations with spatially and temporally correlated noise. The growth equations studied include the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ), Sun-Guo-Grant (SGG), and Lai-Das Sarma-Villain (LDV) equations. The anomalous scaling exponents in both the weak- and strong-coupling regions are obtained, respectively.
基金Supported by the grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81000998) Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China (No. 2007ABA248)
文摘Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is initially considered as a physiological phenomenon during the embryogenesis of mammals, as well as a basic biological event maintaining the stability of the vital body. Recent researches indicated that EMT plays a critical role in various tumors progression, through which epithelial cancers invade and metastasize. The cell characteristics are changed during EMT, in which the cells lose cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and apical polarity, reorganize their cytoskeleton, and become isolated, motile, as well as resistant to anoikis, then become spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells. This review lays emphasis on studying the cell morphogenesis, makers and molecular mechanism regulation about EMT, discussing the relationship between the EMT and the cancer development and metastasis.