海南岛植胶区割胶劳动力年龄结构及空间分布特征

割胶作为当前获取天然橡胶这一重要工业原料的唯一手段,其劳动力供应的稳定性对天然橡胶产业的可持续发展至关重要。目前,割胶劳动力短缺和老龄化现象已引起高度关注,但相关研究缺乏详细空间信息的转换估算,不利于宏观调控。文章基于2020年海南岛天然橡胶林分布图、Dynamic World土地利用分类产品和WorldPop人口分布数据集,分析了海南岛植胶区潜在割胶劳动力的空间分布和年龄结构特征,并进行转换估算和缺乏程度分级,利用空间统计分析揭示割胶劳动力亏缺的空间格局。结果表明:1)海南植胶区潜在割胶劳动力总数为156.74万人,空间分布呈现“北高南低”的态势,且45~59岁年龄占比达34%,老龄化趋势明显。2)劳动力缺乏程度在空间上存在显著差异,其中一级缺乏区域主要集中在中西部与中东部市县的交界区域,呈带状分布;而二、三级缺乏广泛分布于中西部、中部及部分中东部市县交界区,中部尤为严重,呈连片状分布。3)儋州市、白沙县和琼中县一级缺乏面积位居前三,累计面积达到5.05×10~4 hm2;白沙县、琼中县、澄迈县和乐东县在二、三级缺乏面积上同样突出,总面积达到2.33×10~4 hm2。

北京市劳动力需求实证分析及就业战略对策

近年来北京市劳动需求总量出现负增长,其主要原因是经济增长方式选择不当、劳动工资增长不合理等。因此,今后北京市就业战略对策应是首先从现有劳动力实际状况出发,大力发展劳动密集程度高而资本密集程度低的产业;加大人力资本投资;提高下岗职工再就业培训的合理有效性;加强下岗职工的就业能力培养,确保其有一技之长;控制外来人口规模,优化人口结构;充分利用现有农业劳动力等。

江西农村劳动力转移的经济学分析

本文以经济学的理论和观点,看待农民的经济行为与经济意识,并解释农村劳动力为什么会发生转移,以及向何处转移的问题,进而提出江西农村劳动力转移的建议。

当前我国农村女性劳动力回流的理论研究与路径分析

农民工回流问题近来成为一个广受社会关注的现象。自从2008年下半年以来,国际金融危机对于以加工制造业为主的实体经济的负面影响开始显现,从而影响了农民工的就业,尤其是对有低技能的女性农民工的影响更严重,从而出现了大批女性农民工回流的现象。针对该现象,本文从经济学角度对其现状、理论层面与路径选择方面进行了分析,并提出了解决问题的对策。

基于灰色关联分析的湖南省农村劳动力转移的影响因素研究

基于湖南省的剩余劳动力的现状、特点．结合2000-2009年的最新数据，从经济与环境因素、制度因素、劳动力自身因素、农业生产条件因素四个方面出发．选取可能影响劳动力转移的13个指标，采用灰色关联分析方法。找出影响农村劳动力转移的显著性因素。并在此基础上提出政策性建议。

农业剩余劳动力数量及其转移状况的研究现状与新路径思考

我国农业剩余劳动力的数量及其转移状况的研究,目前尚未建立起系统的统计指标体系和经常性的定期调查制度,缺乏系统的统计数据资料。其在该领域的现有研究成果,大都越过了基本统计信息获取这一环节,往往是在没有数据或数据匮乏的前提下获得的。文章在文献综述基础上指出了这一问题,提出了农业剩余劳动力数量及转移状况基本数据的采集方案,讨论了这种方案所需要的统计指标体系和常规统计分析、统计调查条目和数据采集、抽样调查等基本内容的设计框架。

职业教育专业建设中企业调研的内涵诠释和路径探析

随着职业教育专业建设的高质量发展,企业的办学主体地位越来越突出,开展企业调研变得更加举足轻重。企业调研的价值追求体现在提升职业教育社会适应性,凸显职业教育办学主体多元性和推动职业教育高质量发展三个维度。通过从宏观、中观和微观三个角度厘清职业教育专业建设中开展企业调研的内涵,建议从明确企业调研要素、厘清企业调研逻辑和形成企业调研结果三个方面优化企业调研的路径。

浅析建筑安装工程人工费组成内容的调整

通过分析我国建筑安装工程人工费的组成和实际支出情况,并在对我国建筑安装工程人工费组成进行劳动力价值分析基础上,指出对建安工程人工费进行调整主要的目的是为了在政策上进一步保障农民工的权益。

On the Employment Structure and Transfer Characteristics of Rural Laborers in He'nan Province

He’nan is a populous province in China, in which a large number of rural laborers are one of the important factors affecting social and economic development of He’nan Province. However, the employment structure and transfer characteristics of rural laborers have important effect on regional industrial structure. Applying shiftshare method（ SSM） which is often used in analyzing the characteristics of industrial structure to the structure analysis of the labour force can better show the characteristics of labor employment and transfer, thereby providing some reference for the development of regional social economy. The results showed that the transfer of rural laborers in He’nan Province still showed the typical characteristics of traditional agricultural province; the basic advantages of agricultural employment of rural laborers have gradually weakened, while the competitive advantages of the industry, the building industry, and the wholesale ＆ retail trade and catering service industry gradually became obvious, at the same time, there were differences in the deviation of departments among different regions of He’nan Province.

Study of vehicle accident reconstruction based on the information of the tire marks

The tire mark is the important legacy information left at the accident scene. Based on the vehicle collision dynamics model, this study provided an optimized algorithm with vehicle final location and other related information for the tire marks. When the tire marks simulation results fit the real one well, the state of vehicle can be understood as the real state in the accident. Based on above, the vehicle velocity and direction are decided. According to the velocity and direction of the vehicle, the complete accident process can be simulated. With the help of the Pc-Crash software, the method has been applied in typical collision accident cases analysis. The reconstruction results will provide the scientific and numerical references for vehicle collision accidents analyzing and appraising.

An Empirical Analysis of Employment Stability and the Wage Gap of Rural Migrants in China Based on Quantile Regression

Under the background of accelerated integrated urban-rural development, this paper offers an analysis on the short-term employment of rural migrants in China and resulting wage gap between long-term and short-term rural migrants. On the basis of correcting for sample selection problems arising from labor market participation and short-term employment, rural migrants＇ wage function is estimated using quantile regression method, and wage gap between long-term and short-term rural migrants is decomposed using MM method. Our empirical results suggest that those with a higher level of education, training experience and local employment recommended by family relations or in formal labor market are more likely to secure long-term labor contract,＂ region and education have significant contributions to the wage of rural migrants,＂ rural migrants of both long- and short-term contract types have great gaps at the bottom of salary distribution; and there exists a sticky floor effect in wage difference of rural migrants. These results have important policy implications in enhancing employment stability of rural migrants, improving income distribution equity, speeding up the process of urbanization, and balancing regional development.

Mechanism of Structural Transformation of China＇s Technology Export

Extending Long＇s （2001） two-sector model into a three-sector model, this paper constructs a new framework for analysing the evolution mechanism of the structure of technology exports. The authors also have applied an adjusted Hausman model to measure the structure of exported technology at China＇s provincial level regions. Upon this foundation, approaching the subject from its domestic and international impact factors, this paper empirically tests the motives driving the structural transformation of China＇s technology export. The conclusions are： （1） the structure of China＇s technology export has improved significantly in recent years, but not as highly as measured by Rodrik （2006） et al. （2） The dynamic mechanism of the structure of China＇s technology export differs from that of the other developing countries. At national and regional levels, the mounting physical capital stock is the fundamental driving force, but with obvious decreasing marginal utility. （3） Excessive unskilled labor in the capital production sector in the central and western regions, and excessively low export prices in the eastern regions have caused negative effects of the skilled labor in the western region and unskilled labor in the eastern region on local structure of technology export.

The Engineering Professional and the Labor Market Demands： Electronic Engineer and Mechanical Engineer

The purpose of this study is to present results of a jobs classified survey from a newspaper in circulation in the city of Manaus （AM, Brazil）, between late 1990s and early 2000s. The structure and functionality of the CBO （Brazilian Occupational Classification） 2002, fundamental tool for data analysis was used, followed by collection, diagnosis and data analysis to identify the characteristics and transformations of the occupational tasks of the electronic and mechanical engineer. The analysis was based on CBO data in three distinct steps described in the methodology section, compared with a study conducted in the early 1990s, and finally, the overall prevailing trend required in professional engineering training in times of complexity and in the knowledge era was presented.

Obstacles Facing Young Muslim Jobseekers in Australia

Immigration, whether formally organised, or through refugee arrivals, remains a major source of population and workforce growth for Australia, This article undertakes a sociological analysis of the experiences of some young Muslim jobseekers in Australia. Some are recent migrants. Some are refugees. Others are second generation migrant Muslim youth. The Australian Government has identified Muslim youth as needing some special assistance to obtain paid employment. The study reported here investigated some of the obstacles faced by 18 young Muslim jobseekers in Western Sydney in 2009. Interviews were conducted with young Muslims of both sexes who were actively looking for work. It is concluded that the apparent ＂religious＂ ostracism of young Muslim jobseekers results in a highly counter-productive form of ＂cultural unemployment＂ that impedes the logic of the flow of migration.

Theoretical and Empirical Analysis on Influence Factors of Modern Agricultural Equipment Level in the Processof Agricultural Sustainable Development

To promote modem agricultural equipment level is one characteristic of constructing and developing modem agriculture in China. This paper makes up stepwise linear regression analysis model of influence factors of modem agricultural equipment level, and chooses rural labor, per capita income of rural residents, rural investment, proportion of people at secondary education level and at higher level in per hundred rural labor force and arable land area as independent variables, and total power of machine as induced variable. The major results show that the relativity of modem ag- ricultural equipment level, rural investment and education level of peasants is remarkable, and they are the major influence factors of modem agricultural equipment level. Raising investment level of rural infrastructure construction as well as and research and devel- opment and promotion of advanced and applicable modem agricultural equipment, improving quality and education level of peasants can accelerate the development of China＇s modern agricultural equipment effectively in the process of agricultural sustainable development.

关于机电安装工程人力资源管理新模式的研究

当代机电安装工程正面临人力资源管理与成本控制两大难题。传统管理模式很难适应项目需求与市场变化越来越复杂的现状,特别是人力资源配置与成本控制。分析现有人力资源管理中存在的流程僵化和成本控制不细等缺陷,讨论劳动力成本控制中存在的难题,主要是市场波动和劳动力供需不相适应。本文引入人力资源管理新模式,注重劳动力需求预测,资源优化配置和成本精细化管理。同时提出一种新的成本控制模式,主要包括成本预算,监控以及优化措施等。最后提出新模式实施策略,涉及组织架构调整,员工培训和激励机制建立等。本论文研究目的是在机电安装工程领域,提供人力资源管理与成本控制的创新解决方案。

Impacts of Part-time Farming on Agricultural Land Use in Ecologically-vulnerable Areas in North China

Part-time farming has been increasing steadily in China. It is currently the largest segment among all the farm sectors in the country. Based on rural household survey data in Taipusi County as a case site ofecologically-vulnerable areas in North China, we firstly classify farm households into four types according to the proportion of non-farm income in total income, and then compare their agricultural land use patterns to empirically examine the impacts of part-time farming on agricultural land use in this area. The results suggest that non-farming households rent out all their land and give up farming, and this satisfies the expectation of other households to expand land area. The crop planting structure was not significantly different among the households, which reflected the farmers＇ will to pursuit labor productivity. Part-time farming households invest more capital and materials than full-time faming households because the income derived from non-farm employment relaxes the financial constraint of households. However, the amount of labor input of part-time farming households tends to be less, and farming practices are dominated by the elderly, female and laborers withrelative low educations.Yields of crops and the benefit of agricultural land use incline to reduce, which suggest that the potential of land use productivity is more elastic to labor inputs than capital inputs in the study area.