我国应对绿色贸易壁垒的战略分析

一、我国出口贸易受到绿色贸易壁垒的巨大影响最近几年以来,我国出口贸易产品所遇到的绿色壁垒成为我国出口的最主要的障碍。据统计,仅在2000年,遭受绿色壁垒限制的出口贸易金额超过450亿美元,严重影响了中国出口规模企业的经济效益。2002年7月至2003年3月美国利用'绿色壁垒'限制进口最多的国家是中国。由于绿色壁垒在国际上存在扩张的趋势。

乌兰木伦新村:打造中国西部第一村

到过鄂尔多斯的人,就不得不去伊金霍洛旗看看,而乌兰木伦新村则是伊金霍洛旗之行不可错过的地方。记者看到,移民新村由一座座欧式风格的别墅和楼房组成,错落有致。乌兰木伦村党支部书记王朝站在新村规划图前,意气风发地为参观者讲述新村的未来规划和发展蓝图。"乌兰木伦新村建成后,将会成为环境优美、配套齐全。

Spatial-temporal Heterogeneity of Industrial Structure Transformation and Carbon Emission Effects in Xuzhou Metropolitan Area

Employing decoupling index and industrial structure characteristic bias index methods, this study analyzed the spatial-temporal characteristics of industrial structure transformations and their resulting carbon emissions in the Xuzhou Metropolitan Area from 2000 to 2014, with a focus on their relationships and driving factors. Our research indicates that carbon emission intensity from industrial structures in the Xuzhou Metropolitan Area at first showed an increasing trend, which then decreased. Furthermore, the relationship between emissions and industrial economic growth has been trending toward absolute decoupling. From the perspective of the center-periphery, the Xuzhou Metropolitan Area formed a concentric pattern, where both progress towards low emissions and the level of technological advancement gradually diminished from the center to the periphery. In terms of variation across provinces, the ISCB index in the eastern Henan has decreased the slowest, followed by the southern Shandong and the northern Anhui, with the northern Jiangsu ranking last. During this period, resource-and labor-intensive industries were the primary growth industries in the northern Anhui and the eastern Henan, while labor-intensive industries dominated the southern Shandong and capital-intensive industries dominated the northern Jiangsu. In terms of city types, the spatial pattern for industrial structure indicates that recession resource-based cities had higher carbon emission intensities than mature resource-based cities, followed by non-resource-based cities and regenerative resource-based cities. Generally, the industrial structure in the Xuzhou Metropolitan Area has transformed from being resource-intensive to capital-intensive, and has been trending toward technology-intensive as resource availability has been exploited to exhaustion and then been regenerated. Industrial structure has been the leading factor causing heterogeneity of carbon emission intensities between metropolitan cities. Therefore, the key to optimizing the industrial structure and layout of metropolitan areas is to promote industrial structure transformation and improve the system controlling collaborative industrial development between cities.

On the Regional Coordinated Development Between Tourism Human Resource and Tourism Industry in China

Tourism is one of the typical labor intensive industries and tourism human resource(HR) is the main factor for regional discrepancy of tourism industry.The paper takes China as research region and evaluates the level of tourism HR and the level of tourism industry of 31 provinces respectively.First,the paper constructs evaluation index of regional tourism industry and tourism HR.Then,the paper gets the evaluation scores of every province by applying the principal components analysis and statistical package for the social sciences processing.Second,the paper builds the tourism development-tourism HR matrix and divides the matrix into four quadrants.Finally,the paper points out the problems of tourism HR that exist in the 31 provinces and puts forward development strategy.

FIas the ＂Flying Geese＂ Paradigm Occurred in China？

In economic literature, the term ＇flying geese＂ refers to the movement of capital from developed regions to less developed ones. Using national data from abovescale manufacturing enterprises, this paper investigates whether the experience of ＂flying geese＂ has transpired in China for manufacturing industries. We find that, driven by the effects of agglomeration, prior to the mid-2000s, there had been an increasing concentration of industrial activities in the coastal regions. However, as labor and land costs increased, the manufacturing sector - especially the labor-intensive industries - began to relocate from the coastal to the interior regions.

Empirical Study of China＇s Outward Foreign Direct Investment for 2001-2008

China＇s outward FDI has been increasing recently, as the country＇s policies over industrialization and national security change. Using financial data of 244 Chinese enterprises, this study empirically investigates the patterns and determinants of China＇s outward FDI from 2001 to 2008 for its seven major destinations. Tobit and multiple regression analyses indicate that early Chinese FDI in 2001 and 2002 is concentrated in the labor-intensive industries in Asia, like those of early Japanese FDI in the early 1970s as well as those of Korean FDI in 1990s. The results also indicate that non-production oriented manufacturers invested in North America, in order to seek for market cultivation, technological advance, R＆D skills, and name brands. We also found that the central state-owned enterprises are the key FDI players in the continents with locational disadvantages

The Key Driver of China’s New Economic Development Pattern:A Major Power’s Flying Geese Paradigm

This paper examines China’s flying geese paradigm that serves as a key driver of a new pattern of the country’s economic development.Our results suggest that such a major power’s flying geese paradigm has taken shape in the aftermath of the global financial crisis in 2008.However,this paradigm has provincial heterogeneity in that industrial relocation varies across provinces.For instance,China’s central and western regions have shown differences while serving as destinations for labor-intensive industries and processing trade.This flying geese paradigm evolves in a slow and nonlinear manner,and may be subject to stagnation and even reversal.

Industrial Spatial Agglomeration Using Distance-based Approach in Beijing, China

To study the difference of industrial location among different industries, this article is to test the spatial agglomeration across industries and firm sizes at the city level. Our research bases on a unique plant-level data set of Beijing and employs a distance-based approach, which considers space as continuous. Unlike previous studies, we set two sets of references for service and manufacturing industries respectively to adapt to the investigation in the intra-urban area. Comparing among eight types of industries and different firm sizes, we find that： 1） producer service, high-tech industries and labor-intensive manufacturing industries are more likely to cluster, whereas personal service and capital-intensive industries tend to be randomly dispersed in Beijing; 2） the spillover of the co-location of finns is more important to knowledge-intensive industries and has more significant impact on their allocation than business-oriented services in the intra-urban area; 3） the spatial agglomeration of service industries are driven by larger establishments, whereas manufac- turing industries are mixed.

International Competitiveness of China’s Manufacturing Sectors:Estimation Based on Trade in Value-added

Based on trade in value-added, this paper has estimated the revealed comparative advantage （RCA） of China＇s various manufacturing sectors between 1995 and 2011 and compared with the RCA indexes measured using conventional aggregate accounting approach. Results indicate that： （1） the RCA index measured using conventional aggregate accounting approach has underestimated China＇s comparative advantage of labor-intensive sectors but overestimated China＇s comparative advantage in capital, knowledge and technology-intensive manufacturing sectors, giving rise to a serious misjudgment. （2） The RCA measured using value-added approach shows that in the industry chain layout of global manufacturing sectors, China＇s comparative advantage is still concentrated in labor-intensive manufacturing sectors but has signs of weakening; in capital, knowledge and technology-intensive sectors, China is yet to develop any significant comparative advantage; there are signs that China is developing comparative advantage in capital-intensive sectors yet China＇s comparative disadvantage in knowledge and technology-intensive sectors has no significant tendency to improve. This result not only helps correct the misjudgment of China＇s competitiveness in manufacturing sectors based on conventional aggregate accounting approach but offers important policy implications for setting strategic directions and policies for China＇s manufacturing transition and upgrade.

Recalculating the Significance of Secondary and Tertiary Industries for Industrial Restructuring： Truth and Myth

By analyzing the efficiency, supply and demand of the three industries, and the foreign trade of developed countries, this paper argues： the ever-increasing proportion of the tertiary industry in developed countries has not yetproved that tertiary industry is the direction of industrial advance nor the tertiary industry is superior over the secondary industry. By estimating China＇s industrial structure with PPP-based industrial data, this paper argues that the proportion of China＇s secondary industry in its GDP is not as high as expected. China will still rely on its secondary industry for further growth because China＇s labor-intensive industries still possess the most comparative advantage and global competitiveness.

How Efficient Is China＂s Industrial Relocation from East to West？ - Evidence from 20 Manufacturing Industries

With the acceleration of the rise of central China and the western development drive, industrial relocation from China＇s eastern region to the central and western regions is in full swing. However, does the relocation demonstrate industrial clustering effect？ Empirical studies based on twenty two-digit manufacturing industries in 27provinces from 2000 to 2009 demonstrate that industrial clustering effect appeared in central and western regions which had undertaken industrial relocation from eastern region; however, the studies do not show excessive administrative interference as evidenced by the significantly improved productivity of the relocated industries. Compared with non-labor- intensive manufacturing industries, labor-intensive manufacturing industries are easier to form cyclic accumulative effects. Studies also revealed that improvement in supporting infrastructure, industrial chain and higher labor quality in non-agriculture employment during urbanization are significant for central and western regions to undertake industrial relocation.

东北地区中小企业集群发展的产业选择和战略方向

一、中小企业集群的产业选择(一)基于就业目标的产业选择东北地区经济体制改革和工业结构调整会不断地诱发更多的失业人口,所以开发劳动密集型工业行业是东北三省共同的要求。但是并非所有可以产生大量就业机会的部门在东北地区都可以顺利发展。

成都制鞋业人才培养思考

一、问题凸显成都以生产女鞋著称,与广州、温州、泉州并称为中国鞋业的"三州一都"。目前,成都武侯区西部鞋都工业园区及其周边目前已聚集了全省80名以上的制鞋企业,直接从事制鞋生产的企业1200多户,涉及鞋类相关产业的企业达3000多家。

我国经济发展基本态势没有改变

国务院总理温家宝17日主持召开国务院常务会议,分析当前经济形势,安排部署四季度经济工作。会议认为,今年以来,我国经济社会发展经受了多方面严峻考验。总的看。