改性纳米碳黑用于重金属污染土壤改良的研究

采用培养试验,研究了添加改性纳米碳黑对江西贵溪污染土壤中有效态Cu和Zn含量的影响,并对比研究了包施和混施效果差异,同时还通过温室盆栽试验研究了改性纳米碳黑对黑麦草生物量和黑麦草对Cu和Zn的吸收量以及土壤Cu和Zn形态的影响.结果表明,添加改性纳米碳黑可以降低土壤中有效态Cu和Zn的含量.与对照相比,培养60d后,添加1%、3%和5%改性纳米碳黑的土壤有效态Cu含量分别降低了47.3%、72.0%和80.9%,有效态Zn含量分别降低了3.0%、17.7%和43.6%.同等材料用量下包施不如混施的钝化效果好,且所用时间要长,但包施具有将所施材料和被吸附的重金属移出土壤体系的优点.土壤中添加改性碳黑可以促进黑麦草的生长,降低Cu和Zn在黑麦草地上部的积累量同时降低了土壤中Cu和Zn交换态和碳酸盐结合态,而增加有机物及硫化物结合态含量.

Comparative Analysis of Energy Efficiency in Wheat Production in Different Climate Conditions of Europe

This paper presents results concerning energy efficiency of wheat production considered in the context of specific energy input variation in different climatic conditions of Europe as well as case studies on implementation of selected energy saving measures in practice. The source data collected from the six european union （EU） countries represent five agricultural regions of continental Europe and three climates： continental, temperate and Mediterranean. The life cycle assessment （LCA） methodology was applied to analyze the data excluding of pre-farm gate activities. The total primary energy consumption was decomposed into main energy input streams and it was regressed to yield. In order to compare energy efficiency of wheat production across the geographical areas, the data envelopment analysis （DEA） was applied. It was shown that the highest wheat yield （6.7 t/ha to 8.7 t/ha） at the lowest specific energy input （2.08 GJ/t to 2.56 G J/t） is unique for temperate climate conditions. The yield in continental and Mediterranean climatic conditions is on average lower by 1.3 t/ha and 2.7 t/ha and energy efficiency lower by 14% and 38%, respectively. The case studies have shown that the energy saving activities in wheat production may be universal for the climatic zones or specific for a given geographical location. It was stated that trade-offs between energy, economic, and environmental effects, which are associated with implementation of a given energy saving measure or a set of measures to a great extent depend on the current energy efficiency status of the farm and opportunity for investment, which varies substantially across Europe.

Rural Infrastructure and China's Inclusive Growth

This paper for the first time proposes an empirical framework for inclusive growth, under which policy :s-efficiency and distributive impacts can both be assessed. This paper applies this framework to China :s-rural infrastructure and a large sample of individual-level data, providing estimates of growth and distributive impacts of physical infrastructures of telephone and tap water in rural China. They all are found to promote rural income growth, helping narrow the rural-urban gap in China. More importantly, the poorer gained more than the richer from these infrastructures, implying benign distributive effects. This paper sheds light on the positive and important role in which infrastructure plays to promote inclusive growth in rural China.

Major hazard sources analysis and prevention measures of packaging emulsion explosive production line

Emulsion explosive with favorable water-resistance performance,storage performance and detonation stability has been widely used in all over the world.The development actuality and production technique characteristics of emulsion explosive in China were introduced firstly.Taken the technique characteristics of packaging emulsion explosive into account,major hazard sources of emulsion explosive production line were analyzed.Finally,prevention measures based on inherent safety of emulsion explosive production were put forward.

Performance of seven highway construction contracting methods analyzed by project size

The conventional Design-Bid-Build(DBB)construction contracting method has had various drawbacks exposed in highway construction practice, including lack of communication, inefficient design, antagonizing relationships, and increased disputes. To mitigate the negative aspects of DBB, several alternative contracting methods and alternative project delivery systems have been devised and introduced to the industry over the past30 years. Five such innovations were tested by a research team from the University of Florida under the sponsorship of the Florida Department of Transportation(FDOT). To perform a realistic assessment, this study categorized FDOT projects built between 2006 and 2015 into groups according to current contract amounts. Both absolute and relative metrics were defined and employed. For comparison purposes, a collective analysis on all gathered data was performed. Additionally, the influence of outliers on the results was examined. The results showed that analyses based on individual cost categories are more convincing because large projects tend to impose stronger influence on the analyses. In addition, outliers must be identified and screened to reach realistic and reliable conclusions. With regard to the actual performance of the contracting methods, each performs differently within different cost categories.

Research on Online Safety Precaution Technology of a High-medium Pressure Gas Regulator

In view of some of the characteristics of a high-medium pressure gas regulator, such as small fault samples, many fault types and complex fault features etc, in order to improve the accuracy of fault precaution in this paper, a fault diagnosis method based on the combination of the improved wavelet packet and pressure harmonic distortion rate is proposed. On the basis of the harmonic distortion rate of the outlet pressure and the energy value of each frequency band obtained by improved wavelet packet decomposition, the rules for fault data were summarized. Finally, a safety precaution model of the high-medium pressure gas regulator is established.