Objective To observe the effects of y-aminobutyric acid （GABA） on the electric activities of pain-excited neurons （PEN） in nucleus accumbens （NAc） in central nervous system （CNS） of morphine-dependent rats. Me...Objective To observe the effects of y-aminobutyric acid （GABA） on the electric activities of pain-excited neurons （PEN） in nucleus accumbens （NAc） in central nervous system （CNS） of morphine-dependent rats. Methods After GABA or the GABAA-receptor antagonist, bicuculline （Bic）, was injected into cerebral ventricles or NAc, right sciatic nerve was stimulated by electrical pulses, which was considered as traumatic pain stimulation. Extracellular recordings methods were used to record the electric activities of PEN in NAc. Results When GABA was injected into intracerebroventricle （ICV） as well as NAc, it could decrease the pain-evoked discharge frequency and prolong the latency of PEN. Bic could interdict the above effects of GABA on the electric activities of PEN. Conclusion Exogenous GABA might have an inhibitory effect on the central pain adjustment. Furthermore, GABA and GABAA receptor participate and mediate the traumatic information transmission process in CNS.展开更多
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a fatty acid with physiological activities and potential application prospect. This paper focuses on the method of synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid of high purity and the process...Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a fatty acid with physiological activities and potential application prospect. This paper focuses on the method of synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid of high purity and the process line and conditions for its purification that can be used in large scale production. CLA of more than 95% purity was prepared by means of urea adduct purification and conjugation using safflower oil as material. The total recovery of the product adds up to more than 48%. The reactive kinetics about linoleic acid from sunflower oil converted into CLA was investigated, and its apparent kinetic model was also established, which can be used as a base for industrial designs.展开更多
The spectral characteristic of geography objects is not only the important content of remote sensing mechanism, but also the important basis for remote sensing application. The reflectance spectral characteristics ref...The spectral characteristic of geography objects is not only the important content of remote sensing mechanism, but also the important basis for remote sensing application. The reflectance spectral characteristics reflect the physiochemi-cal properties of saline soil. With 3 kinds of typical saline soils in the arid area as the study objects, the reflectance spectrums of soils with different salt contents and soil moistures were measured, and the spectral characteristics of the spectrums were analyzed. The results showed that under dry condition, the reflectance of the three kinds of saline soils presented obvious high-low patterns, while under damp condition, there was no obvious pattern. With continuum removed ,the three kinds of saline soils showed significant difference in reflectance spectral characteristics. There was significant difference in the absorption depth of the two absorption val eys un-der dry and damp conditions, which could be used to identify these 3 saline soils. The result of this research can be used for the parametric inversion and classifica-tion of saline soil retrieval and classification, as wel as for the remote sensing monitoring on saline soil.展开更多
Even though Tulbaghia violacea has been used to treat and manage epilepsy in South Africa by traditional medicine practitioners, no evidence in any literature has shown any scientific scrutiny of the effectiveness of ...Even though Tulbaghia violacea has been used to treat and manage epilepsy in South Africa by traditional medicine practitioners, no evidence in any literature has shown any scientific scrutiny of the effectiveness of the plant species in therapy. This study was intended, therefore, to investigate the anticonvulsant effect of the leaf methanol extract of Tulbaghia violacea by studying its effect against tonic convulsion induced by either PTZ （pentylenetetrazole）, bicuculline, picrotoxin, strychnine or NMDLA （N-methyl-DL-aspartic acid） in mice. Qualitative phytochemical analysis, acute toxicity and HPLC studies were also carried out on the plant species. Leaf methanol extract of Tulbaghia violacea, phenobarbitone, diazepam or muscimol significantly antagonised PTZ, bicuculline or picrotoxin-induced convulsion. Combined treatment of sub-effective doses of T. violacea and muscimol significantly antagonised tonic convulsion induced by PTZ. T. violacea or phenobarbitone significantly antagonised strychnine-induced tonic convulsion. T. violacea or LY233053 significantly antagonised NMDLA-elicited tonic convulsion. Phenytoin or DMSO （dimethylsulfoxide） did not significantly affect the tonic convulsion produced by PTZ, bicuculline, picrotoxin, strychnine or NMDLA. The phytochemical qualitative analysis of the plant species showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, reducing sugars, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, triterpene steroids, quinones and tannins. The LD50 value obtained following oral administration of the plant extract was over 4000 mg/kg. The data in the present study indicate that the leaf methanol extract of T. violacea has anticonvulsant activity which is probably underpinned by GABAergic, glutaminergic and glycinergic mechanisms.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60601010)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, China (No. D200606)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Fund of Heilongjiang province, China (No. LBH-Z06110)the Scientific Re- search Fund of Educational Department of Heilongjiang Province, China (No. 11531112).
文摘Objective To observe the effects of y-aminobutyric acid （GABA） on the electric activities of pain-excited neurons （PEN） in nucleus accumbens （NAc） in central nervous system （CNS） of morphine-dependent rats. Methods After GABA or the GABAA-receptor antagonist, bicuculline （Bic）, was injected into cerebral ventricles or NAc, right sciatic nerve was stimulated by electrical pulses, which was considered as traumatic pain stimulation. Extracellular recordings methods were used to record the electric activities of PEN in NAc. Results When GABA was injected into intracerebroventricle （ICV） as well as NAc, it could decrease the pain-evoked discharge frequency and prolong the latency of PEN. Bic could interdict the above effects of GABA on the electric activities of PEN. Conclusion Exogenous GABA might have an inhibitory effect on the central pain adjustment. Furthermore, GABA and GABAA receptor participate and mediate the traumatic information transmission process in CNS.
文摘Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a fatty acid with physiological activities and potential application prospect. This paper focuses on the method of synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid of high purity and the process line and conditions for its purification that can be used in large scale production. CLA of more than 95% purity was prepared by means of urea adduct purification and conjugation using safflower oil as material. The total recovery of the product adds up to more than 48%. The reactive kinetics about linoleic acid from sunflower oil converted into CLA was investigated, and its apparent kinetic model was also established, which can be used as a base for industrial designs.
基金Supported by the Fund for the Prophase Financial Aid Project of Xinjiang Agricultural University(XJAU201114)~~
文摘The spectral characteristic of geography objects is not only the important content of remote sensing mechanism, but also the important basis for remote sensing application. The reflectance spectral characteristics reflect the physiochemi-cal properties of saline soil. With 3 kinds of typical saline soils in the arid area as the study objects, the reflectance spectrums of soils with different salt contents and soil moistures were measured, and the spectral characteristics of the spectrums were analyzed. The results showed that under dry condition, the reflectance of the three kinds of saline soils presented obvious high-low patterns, while under damp condition, there was no obvious pattern. With continuum removed ,the three kinds of saline soils showed significant difference in reflectance spectral characteristics. There was significant difference in the absorption depth of the two absorption val eys un-der dry and damp conditions, which could be used to identify these 3 saline soils. The result of this research can be used for the parametric inversion and classifica-tion of saline soil retrieval and classification, as wel as for the remote sensing monitoring on saline soil.
文摘Even though Tulbaghia violacea has been used to treat and manage epilepsy in South Africa by traditional medicine practitioners, no evidence in any literature has shown any scientific scrutiny of the effectiveness of the plant species in therapy. This study was intended, therefore, to investigate the anticonvulsant effect of the leaf methanol extract of Tulbaghia violacea by studying its effect against tonic convulsion induced by either PTZ （pentylenetetrazole）, bicuculline, picrotoxin, strychnine or NMDLA （N-methyl-DL-aspartic acid） in mice. Qualitative phytochemical analysis, acute toxicity and HPLC studies were also carried out on the plant species. Leaf methanol extract of Tulbaghia violacea, phenobarbitone, diazepam or muscimol significantly antagonised PTZ, bicuculline or picrotoxin-induced convulsion. Combined treatment of sub-effective doses of T. violacea and muscimol significantly antagonised tonic convulsion induced by PTZ. T. violacea or phenobarbitone significantly antagonised strychnine-induced tonic convulsion. T. violacea or LY233053 significantly antagonised NMDLA-elicited tonic convulsion. Phenytoin or DMSO （dimethylsulfoxide） did not significantly affect the tonic convulsion produced by PTZ, bicuculline, picrotoxin, strychnine or NMDLA. The phytochemical qualitative analysis of the plant species showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, reducing sugars, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, triterpene steroids, quinones and tannins. The LD50 value obtained following oral administration of the plant extract was over 4000 mg/kg. The data in the present study indicate that the leaf methanol extract of T. violacea has anticonvulsant activity which is probably underpinned by GABAergic, glutaminergic and glycinergic mechanisms.
