稀土对铸态铝合金中元素分布及化合物量的影响

本文研究了微量稀土对工业纯铝中杂质元素的固溶量、Al-Cu及Al-Cu-Li合金中Cu的固溶量和Al-Zn—Mg合金中Zn、Mg固溶量及其化合物量的影响。

原油中痕量化合物的研究进展

痕量化合物是油气成因、来源、形成环境、次生地球化学改造等研究的重要指示物,随着当前油气研究不断地向非常规储层以及深层储层进发,此类化合物在油气地球化学研究中显得愈发重要。本文综述了近年来原油中痕量化合物的定义、分类,及其在母质来源与形成环境分析、高演化阶段油气成熟度与油源对比、油气运移路径示踪、油气次生地球化学改造等方面的研究进展,总结了基于痕量化合物所建立的原油热裂解、硫酸盐热化学还原反应、气侵改造作用等评价参数的应用现状;同时,指出痕量化合物的形成机理以及寻找具有指示物源意义的痕量分子化合物、加强单体同位素分析是未来的研究重点,并且随着测试技术与研究认识的不断提升或将发现新的过渡型分子化合物。

浅析不同涂刷工艺的木家具面板中挥发性有机化合物的释放量

利用环境舱法测定不同涂刷工艺的木家具面板在舱内一段时间的挥发性有机化合物释放量,结果表明,相同涂刷工艺的同种木家具样品所测得的挥发性有机化合物释放量相近,不同涂刷工艺的同种木家具面板样品中挥发性有机化合物释放量有一定差别,而同种涂刷工艺的不同木家具面板样品中挥发性有机化合物的释放量也不同。采用UV底漆涂刷的面板样品的挥发性有机化合物释放量相对最低,测试结果满足木家具中挥发性有机化合物的释放限量要求。

Syntheses,crystal structures,and quantum chemistry calculation of two Ni(Ⅱ)coordination polymers

Two new coordination polymers,[Ni(Hpdc)(bib)(H_(2)O)]_(n)(1)and{[Ni(bib)_(3)](ClO_(4))_(2)}_(n)(2),were prepared by mixing Ni^(2+),3,5⁃pyrazoledicarboxylic acid(H3pdc)/p⁃nitrobenzoic acid and 1,4⁃bis(imidazol⁃1⁃ylmethyl)butane(bib)by a hydrothermal method,respectively.X⁃ray crystallography reveals a 2D network constructed by six⁃coordinated Ni(Ⅱ)centers,bib,and Hpdc2-ligands in complex 1,while a 2D network is built by Ni(Ⅱ)and bib ligands in 2.Furthermore,the quantum⁃chemical calculations have been performed on‘molecular fragments’extracted from the crystal structure of 1 using the PBE0/LANL2DZ method in Gaussian 16 and the VASP program.CCDC:2343794,1;2343798,2.

GC-PID测定痕量烃类化合物及可靠性分析

痕量烃类化合物自身具备较强的高毒性及长期滞留性,不但会对环境造成污染与破坏,还会严重影响人类健康,因此,需要重点探究痕量烃类化合物的测定及控制方案。在不断研究中,出现了较多测定方式,其中GC-PID测定方法,是在气相色谱仪的基础上进行改造,在其中配置光离子化检测器PID,在两者的联合应用下,能够获得较好的测量效果,已被逐渐应用于痕量烃类化合物测定中。本文通过GC-PID测定方式,进行痕量烃类化合物的实际测定试验,试验结果表明,GC-PID测定方式应用过程中,当进样量达到400m L时,得到正丁烷、正丁烯、1,3-丁二烯以及异戊二烯的检出限分别为1.1ng·m^(3)、0.25n g·m^(3)、0.38 ng·m^(3)、0.13 ng·m^(3),本方法满足控制限制的要求,并且,存在较高的精密度及准确度,具备较好的可靠性,可通过这种方式,进行痕量烃类化合物测定。

痕量碳氢化合物色谱分析仪的运行费用分析与控制措施

痕量碳氢化合物色谱分析仪的运行费用除固定成本外,主要包括设备折旧和维修用备品备件、易耗品和设备维护维修等费用。降低痕量碳氢化合物色谱分析仪的运行成本,也是四川化工控股集团公司提出的"三降二减"活动的具体措施体现。因此,对痕量碳氢化合物色谱分析仪的主要运行费用进行了分析,并提出相应的管理控制措施,最终达到减少痕量碳氢化合物色谱分析仪的整体运行成本。

Antisepsis and Fresh-keeping Effects of Natamycin Coating Compounds Treatment on Red Global Grape

The aim was to research fresh-keeping effects of natamycin on cold-pre- served grape. Red globe grapes were processed with compound coating liquid of chitosan with mass fraction at 1% and natamycin with mass fractions at 0.20% （T1）, 0.40% （T2） and 0.60% （T3）, respectively. Grapes processed with water （CK3） and 1% chitosan （CK2） were taken as control groups. Rotten rate, seed shattering rate, mass loss rate, respiratory intensity and related physiological quality in test and control groups were compared. The results indicated that respiratory intensity, mass loss rate, rotten rate and seed shattering rate in CK1 were all higher than those in CK2. In addition, T1, T2 and T3 were lower in the indices than CK1 and CK2, but still kept at a high level in fruit hardness. Furthermore, mass fractions of Vc and titratable acid declined more slowly in T1, T2 and T3, compared with CK1 and CK2. Natamycin better preserved grapes and prolonged storage period. In general, natamycin with mass fraction at 0.4% proved best in fresh-keeping.

STUDY ON THE MECHANISM OF FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING OF NITROCOMPOUNDS FOR OXAZOLES *

The mechanism of nitrocompounds quenching of the fluorescence of 5, 5′ dipheny1 2, 2′ bisoxazole (POOP) and trans 1, 2 bis [2 (5 phenyloxazolyl)] ethene (POEOP) has been studied. It was found that the fluorescence of oxazoles was quenched mainly by the absorption competition and radiationless energy transfer of nitrocompounds. The fluorescence quenching rate constants of nitrobenzene and nitromethane are 3.0×10 10 L·mol -1 ·s -1 and 1.5×10 8 L·mol -1 ·s -1 respectively for POEOP. This remarkable difference was explicated.

浸渍纸层压木质地板VOC释放规律研究

随着生活水平的提高,人们开始关注由室内装饰装修引发的室内空气污染问题,而地板是建筑室内装饰最为常用的材料.本文就此利用气候箱法和二硝基苯肼带紫外检测的高效液相色谱(DNPH-HPLC-UV)方法研究人造板中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的释放行为,旨在分析VOC释放规律及其对人体健康的影响.研究结论表明,目前我国市场上的地板VOC的释放量与其单格有直接关系,价格越高的地板中VOC的释放量越低.另一方面,人造板中VOC的释放随时间呈显著衰减,且绝大部分的人造板稳定周期在30天左右;我们检测所有地板经稳定期后VOC的释放量对使用者的健康没有直接危害.

A 3D-QSAR Study on C-3 Substituted 4,6-Dichloroindole-2- Carboxylic Acids with Comparative Molecular Field Analysis

Aim and Method Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a threedimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) method was applied to a novelseries of C-3 substituted 4, 6-dichloioindole-2-carboxylic acids to study the relationship betweentheir structure and the affinity for the glycine site of the NMDA receptor. Result Hie coefficientsof cross-validation q^2 and non cross-validation r^2 for the model established by the study are0.744 and 0.993, respectively, the value of variance ratio F is 261.343, and standard error estimate(SE) is 0.039. Conclusion These values indicate that the CoMFA model may have a good prediction forthe activity of C-3 substituted 4, 6-dichloroin-dole-2-carboxylic acids. As a consequence, thepredicted activity values of new designed compounds supports our conclusion from the model.

Measurement of Refractive Indices of (Al_xGa_(1-x))_(0.51)In_(0.49)P Grown by Low Pressure Organometallic Vapor Phase Epitaxy

The refractive indices of disordered (Al xGa 1-x ) 0 51 In 0 49 P,which is grown by low-pressure organometallic vapor phase epitaxy and lattice-matched to GaAs substrate,have been determined by measuring their reflectance spectra when the wavelength ranges between 0 5 to 2 5 micrometer.A single-oscillator dispersion model is used to verify the experiment data and calculate the reflectance spectrum.The refractive indices are used to analyze the waveguide of strain quantum well GaInP/AlGaInP visible laser diode.The simulated far field pattern is consistent with the experimental results very well.

Isothermal oxidation behavior of TiAl intermetallics with different oxygen contents

Isothermal oxidation behaviors of Ti-45Al-2Fe-2Mo-1Cr intermetallics with different oxygen contents were studied under the condition of 950 °C, 100 h in air, and the oxidation kinetic parameters were also evaluated. The results show that the oxidation resistance of the TiAl intermetallics is negatively related to the oxygen content, and both the mass gain and thickness of oxide scale increase with the oxygen content. The sub-surface microstructure of the oxide scales varies with the oxygen content. Z phase is observed in the sub-surface area of the low-oxygen-content alloy, while the τ2(Al2FeTi) phase is found in the medium-oxygen-content and the high-oxygen-content alloys. The deterioration of oxidation resistance is due to the enhanced internal oxidation with the increase of oxygen content. It is possible to improve the oxidation resistance by controlling the oxygen content.

Effects of water temperature and dietary carbohydrate levels on growth and energy budget of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei

A 3×3 factorial experiment was conducted to determine the effects of water temperature (22 ℃, 27℃ and 32℃) and dietary carbohydrate (CBH) levels (15.47%, 29.15% and 41.00%) on growth, food consumption, feed efficiency, apparent digestibility coefficient and energy budget of juvenile Lito- penaeus vannamei. The results showed that, at each dietary CBH level, specific growth rate, food con- sumption and apparent digestibility coefficient generally increased, while feed efficiency decreased with increasing water temperatures. Specific growth rate and food consumption were the highest in the shrimps fed with diet of 29.15% CBH, closely followed by those with 15.47% CBH, and those with 41.00% CBH had the lowest value.

Studies on the Effects on Growth and Antioxidant Responses of Two Marine Microalgal Species to Uniconazole

Uniconazole, as a plant growth retardant, can enhance stress tolerance in plants, possibly because of improved antioxidation defense mechanisms with higher activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) enzymes that retard lipid peroxidation and membrane deterioration. These years much attention has been focused on the responses of antioxidant system in plants to uniconazole stress, but such studies on aquatic organism are very few. Moreover, no information is available on growth and antioxidant response in marine microalgae to uniconazole. In this paper, the growth and antioxidant responses of two marine microalgal species, Platymonas helgolandica and Pavlova viridis, at six uniconazole concentrations(0-15 mg L-1) were investigated. The results demonstrated that 3 mg L-1 uniconazole could increase significantly chlorophyll a and carbohydrate contents of P. helgolandica(P < 0.05). Higher concentrations(≥12 mg L-1) of uniconazole could inhibit significantly the growth, dry weight, chlorophyll-a and carbohydrate contents of P. helgolandica and P. viridis(P < 0.05). Uniconazole caused a significant increase in lipid peroxidation production(MDA) at higher concentrations(≥ 9 mg L-1). The activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) were enhanced remarkably at low concentrations of uniconazole. However, significant reduction of SOD and CAT activities was observed at higher concentrations of uniconazole.

Effect of Si content on interfacial reaction and properties between solid steel and liquid aluminum

The effect of Si content on the microstructures and growth kinetics of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)formed during the initial interfacial reaction(<10 s)between solid steel and liquid aluminum was investigated by a thermophysical simulation method.The influence of Si addition on interfacial mechanical properties was revealed by a high-frequency induction brazing.The results showed that IMCs layers mainly consisted ofη-Fe_(2)Al_(5)andθ-Fe_(4)Al_(13).The addition of Si reduced the thickness of the IMCs layer.The growth of theηphase was governed by the diffusion process when adding 2 wt.%Si to the aluminum melt.When 5 wt.%or 8 wt.%Si was added to aluminum,the growth was governed by both the diffusion process and interfacial reaction,and ternary phaseτ1/τ9-(Al,Si)_(5)Fe_(3)was formed in theηphase.The apparent activation energies of theηphase decreased gradually with increasing Si content.The joint with pure aluminum metal had the highest tensile strength and impact energy.

Adsorption isotherm mechanism of amino organic compounds as mild steel corrosion inhibitors by electrochemical measurement method

The inhibition ability of 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-trizole-3-thiol （APTT）, ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid （EDTA） and thiourea （TU） for mild steel corrosion in 1.0 moFL HC1 solution at 30 ℃ was investigated. Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） were used to investigate the influence of these organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in 1.0 mol/L HC1 solution at 30 ℃. The inhibition mechanism was discussed in terms of Langrnuir isotherm model. Results obtained from Tafel polarization and impedance measurements are in a good agreement. The inhibition efficiency increases with the increase of the inhibitor concentration. The adsorption of the inhibitors on the mild steel surface follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the free energy of adsorption AGads indicates that the adsorption of APTT, EDTA, and TU molecules is a spontaneous process and a typical chemisorption.

MIP Technology for Pruduction of Euro Ⅳ Clean Gasoline Ⅱ. Correlation Model of Sulfur Content of MIP Naphtha and Its Application

On the basis of the reaction rules and its influencing factors of sulfur compounds in MIP naphtha, a correlation model for describing the correlation between mass fraction of sulfur in MIP naphtha, mass fraction of sulfur in feedstock and volume fraction of olefin in naphtha was developed and the model＇s parameters were estimated. The residual error distribution and statistical study showed that the developed model was reasonable and reliable and able to predict the mass fraction of sulfur compounds in naphtha. The correlation model can provide theoretical guidance and operation base for adjusting process parameters to produce EURO IV gasoline by the MIP units. The model was validated by its application on the MIP unit of Qingdao Refining ＆ Chemical Company. On this unit, the tail oil with low sulfur content obtained via hydrotreating gas oil was used as the feedstock and the olefin content of naphtha was reduced by promoting hydrogen transfer reaction through adjustment of process parameters. Thus, EURO IV clean gasoline was manufactured by this MIP unit.

Synthesis,algal inhibition activities and QSAR studies of novel gramine compounds containing ester functional groups

2,5,6-Tribromo-l-methylgramine （TBG）, isolated from bryozoan Zoobotryon pellucidum was shown to be very efficient in preventing recruitment of larval settlement. In order to improve the compatibility of TBG and its analogues with other ingredients in antifouling paints, structural modification of TBG was focused mainly on halogen substitution and N-substitution. Two halogen-substitute gramines and their derivatives which contain ester functional groups at N-position of gramines were synthesized. Algal inhibition activities of the synthesized compounds against algae Nitzschia cIosterium were evaluated and the Median Effective Concentration （EC50） range was 1.06-6.74 lag ml^-1. Compounds that had a long chain ester group exhibited extremely high antifouling activity. Quantitive Structure Activity Relationship （QSAR） studies with multiple linear regression analysis were applied to fred correlation between different calculated molecular descriptors and biological activity of the synthesized compounds. The results show that the toxicity （log （I/EC50）） is correlated well with the partition coefficient log P. Thus, these products have potential function as antifouling agents.