品味孤独——从化境理论中孤独美的角度分析《山居秋暝》的三个译本

唐诗是我国传统文学瑰宝,因其用最简洁的语言抒发最真挚、最美、最永恒的感情,使人们在内心深处产生共鸣,能否在翻译的过程中,把唐诗中的情感展现出来就显得尤为重要。文章旨在通过对《山居秋暝》三个译本的分析,呼吁译者要在翻译过程中注重审美意识。

“化境”论之传统美学辨

本文以中国传统美学为视角,从审美对象、审美手段、审美理想三个层面重新审视钱锺书的"化境"理论。审美对象包含传统美学中的"言"、"象"、"意",审美手段分别是"观"、"味"、"悟"。"化境"理论侧重"意境"的转化,暗合于传统宇宙观,强调了审美主体的主体性,表达了传统译论的最高审美理想。

从心所欲不逾矩——论钱钟书先生“化境”译论

本文从翻译的基本内涵入手，阐释了翻译理论在我国的发展至钱钟书先生“化境”译论的提出。钱钟书先生的“化境”译论具有鲜明的创新意识，肯定了译者结合译语的优势，实现对原作的艺术再创造。通过文化差异方面的分析译者进行创造具有必要性。然而“笔补造化”的再创造并不是任意妄为，应当“从心所欲不逾矩”，即要把握好“分寸”。

生态翻译学视阈下的钱钟书翻译思想

钱钟书先生提出的"化境"理论集中体现了他对翻译理论的独特见解。目前,已有多篇文章对"化境"理论进行了阐释,但从生态翻译学视角对"化境"理论进行研究尚为鲜见。鉴于此,该文拟从生态翻译学这一全新视角对钱钟书先生的翻译思想进行解读与探讨。该文认为,从生态翻译学视角来看,"化境"理论集中体现了:1)翻译生态的和谐统一;2)译者的"适应/选择"及译文的"整合适应选择度;3)翻译主体的"译者中心"及"译有所为"。

Commercial indium-tin oxide glass:A catalyst electrode for efficient N_(2)reduction at ambient conditions

The typical Haber technical process for industrial NH_(3)production involves plenty of energy-consumption and large quantities of greenhouse gas emission.In contrast,electrochemical N_(2)reduction proffers environment-friendly and energy-efficient avenues to synthesize NH_(3)at mild conditions but demands efficient electrocatalysts for the N_(2)reduction reaction(NRR).Herein we report for the first time that commercial indium-tin oxide glass(ITO/G)can be used as a catalyst electrode toward artificial N_(2)fixation,as it demonstrates excellent selectivity at mild conditions.Such ITO/G delivers excellent NRR performance with a NH_(3)yield of 1.06×10^(-10) mol s^(-1) cm^(-2) and a faradaic efficiency of 6.17%at-0.40 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)in 0.5 M LiClO4.Furthermore,the ITO/G also possesses good electrochemical stability and durability.Finally,the possible reaction mechanism for the NRR on the ITO catalysts was explored using first-principles calculations.

对钱钟书的“化境”理论的再思考

"化境"理论是在上个世纪六十年代的时候由我国著名的科学家钱钟书提出来的,这一理论的提出对于议界来说产生身份重要的影响,但是在对"化境"理论的研究方面却没有取得什么实质性的进展。本文主要是从国内议界对于钱钟书"化境"理论的认识误区出发,澄清人们对于"化境"理论的各种误解,使得人们能够更好的理解和应用"化境"理论。

The Social Implications of the Degradation of the Coorong and Lower Lakes

The severe drought that Australia has endured over the past few years has impacted adversely on the environment and is the major cause of the reduction of water levels in the Coorong and Lower Lakes. The over-allocation and over-use of water in the MDB （Murray-Darling Basin） has caused the system to endure the longest period ever of reduced freshwater inflows and levels. The environmental state of Coorong and Lower Lakes is an issue that requires immediate action by governments and the surrounding community. This article will explore current data regarding the social and planning implications of the degradation of the Coorong and Lower Lakes. It primarily focuses on the social impacts that will occur if the Coorong and Lower Lakes area is significantly environmentally degraded. Drawing on Beck＇s risk theory, this paper analyses the adaptive capacity of settlements in the Coorong and Lower Lakes area and how they respond to the stresses and risks caused by environmental degradation. Economic and environmental implications will also be explored to provide an understanding of the interdependencies, This article provides a foundation and theoretical structure for further investigative research to be undertaken.

Approach for Local Multi-Domain Cognition in Cognitive Network

During the evolution from cognitive radio to cognitive networks,the environment cognition extended from wireless environments to network and user environments.To understand the basic theory of Local Multi-Domain Cognition(LMDC),and to provide a theoretical basis for further study in cooperative multi-domain cognition and initiative multi-domain cognition,the LMDC is investigated in this paper.A Local Single-Domain Cognitive(LSDC)approach is first proposed based on multidimensional edge detection theory.This approach can divide the parameter space that describes the single-domain environment into different areas,and can represent each area with an identifier.Using this as a foundation,the single-domain environment is extended to multi-domain environments,and an LMDC approach is presented to describe the LMDC environment.The paper concludes by introducing two examples and the corresponding analysis to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed LMDC approach.

Research on Motivation of Corporate Social Responsibility Based on Game Theory

The negative externalities of businesses brought serious social and environmental problems. Based on externality theory and game theory, the author in-depth analyzes intrinsic motivation of corporate social responsibility, and points out that corporate social responsibility will increase production costs, so companies will not take the initiative to raise the level of social responsibility. Through the analysis of corporate social responsibility profits, the paper reveals that if the government lack reasonable system to regulate corporate behavior, then the In＇m, pursuiting maximizing profit, will choose the Nash equilibrium ofconsumpting public resources, and not take the initiative to fulfill their social responsibility to seek the Pareto equilibrium of the whole regional optimal, which results in high output and low returns. The research finds that the government should strengthen the publicity of corporate social responsibility, privatization of corporate social responsibility benefits and establishment of corporate social responsibility system and other means to guide and standardize the corporate social responsihility.

Globalization or Isolation？—— Ricardo＇s Model

Through the attempt to clarify justifiable economic circumstances where a policy of globalization and/or a policy of national isolation is proven valid, the author revealed in this thesis that there are two such economic phases： An economy where the theory of comparative advantage, proposed by David Ricardo, is applicable, and an economy where the theory is not applicable. The author applied his original approach to prove the validity of Ricardo＇s comparative advantage theory, and found that the theory can be justified only when a macro economy is in the primal problem phase, where a policy of globalization is effective. It is a necessary and sufficient condition for the theory to be valid. In other words, Ricardo＇s theory of comparative advantage is not applicable when a macro economy is in the dual problem phase, where a policy of national isolation, instead of that of globalization, is valid. The primal problem phase and the dual problem phase of a macro economy, called in this thesis by the author, are a version of an expression quite common in OR （operations research）.

From Learning English to Learning in English:A Comparative Study of the Impact of Learning Contexts upon Chinese EFL Learners' Strategy Use

The past three decades have witnessed a proliferation of research on Chinese English as a foreign language （EFL） learners＇ use of learning strategies, but little has been examined about the potential influence of learning contexts upon their strategic engagement. This paper reports on the findings of an investigation of the impact of learning contexts upon the use of learning strategies of two cohorts of EFL learners in China. Both cohorts were non-English majors, one from a university where English is the medium of instruction （EMI） and the other from an EFL university. The data were collected using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Results reveal that learners from the EMI university demonstrated a higher level in their overall use of learning strategies over their counterparts from the EFL university. Independent T-test shows that the two cohorts were significantly different in their use of cognitive, meta-cognitive, affective and social strategies. These findings were discussed from a socio-cultural perspective. Implications are presented for the reform of English language education in China and beyond.

Activating multisite high-entropy alloy nanocrystals via enriching M–pyridinic N–C bonds for superior electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

The activation of multisite high-entropy alloy(HEA)electrocatalysts is helpful for improving the atomic utilization of each metal in water electrolysis catalysis.Herein,well-dispersed HEA nanocrystals on Nrich graphene with abundant M–pyridinic N–C bonds were synthesized through an ultrasonic-assisted confinement synthesis method.Operando Raman analysis and density functional theory calculations revealed that the electrocatalysts presented the optimal electronic rearrangement with fast ratedetermined H_(2)O dissociation kinetics and favorable H^(*)adsorption behavior that greatly enhanced hydrogen generation in alkaline electrolyte.A small overpotential of only 138.6 mV was required to obtain the current density of 100 mA cm^(-2) and the Tafel slope of as low as 33.0 mV dec^(-1),which was considerably smaller than the overpotentials of the counterpart with poor M–pyridinic N–C bonds(290.4 mV)and commercial Pt/C electrocatalysts(168.6 mV).The atomic structure,coordination environment,and electronic structure were clarified.This work provides a new avenue toward activating HEA as advanced electrocatalysts and promotes the research on HEA for energy-related electrolysis.