基质沥青-废橡胶粉体系的化学改性剂研究

研究了掺入废橡胶粉和WX化学改性剂的复合改性沥青性能。通过宏观和微观实验手段分析和探讨了基质沥青-废橡胶粉体系的微观结构以及改性机理。实验结果表明,适当的WX化学改性剂掺量和比率可以很大程度上提高废橡胶粉改性沥青的性能。通过废胶粉改性沥青的改性机理的研究,为合理应用废胶粉改性沥青提供理论支持和技术指导。

利用化学改性剂提高木材尺寸稳定、耐腐和阻燃性能

用木材化学改性剂（ＬＭ）改性木材（杨木、马尾松等），当木材化学改性剂增重（ＷＰＧ）达２０％─３０％时，可获得很高的抗缩系数（ＡＳＥ值）或尺寸稳定性。改性后木材具有良好的防腐、防白蚁、防霉、防蓝变的性能，并且还可获得很高的阻燃性能。用木材化学改性剂（ＬＭ）改性后的木材无毒（ＬＤ５０＞１００００ｍｇ／ｋｇ），无味，对人，畜无害。

基于物化空间交联结构的SBS‒PRM复合改性沥青

基于SBS改性剂和聚氨酯前驱体化学改性剂(polyurethane⁃precursor chemical modifier,PRM)潜在的物理化学空间交联特性,制备了SBS‒PRM复合改性沥青。通过三大指标(针入度、软化点、延度)、动力黏度明确复合改性沥青的高黏特征;采用频率扫描试验、多应力蠕变恢复试验、线性振幅扫描试验以及弯曲梁流变试验研究了改性沥青的流变特性;利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、原子力显微镜和荧光显微镜解释了SBS‒PRM物理化学复合改性机理;最后验证了沥青混合料性能。结果表明,PRM通过化学反应改变了沥青分子结构并提升SBS与沥青的相容性,形成了空间交联结构增强沥青的黏度、抵抗高温永久变形、低温开裂和疲劳破坏的性能;利用SBS‒PRM复合改性沥青制备的SMA‒13混合料具有良好的高温抗车辙、低温抗裂、抗水损性能。

化学反应型改性沥青的技术性能试验研究

为探讨化学改性剂 RET 对基质沥青的改性效果，本文通过常规性能、抗老化性能、储存稳定性能试验，对RET改性沥青进行了室内性能评价，并同时与基质沥青、SBS改性沥青的性能指标进行了对比分析。

化学反应型高黏沥青的制备与性能评价

为简化高黏沥青的制备流程、提高生产效率及降低改性剂掺量,基于自主研发的化学反应型改性剂研究了高黏沥青的宏微观性能。采用纯搅拌工艺进行了化学反应型高黏沥青的制备,通过基础物理指标及红外光谱结果完成了反应时长的优选;分析了不同改性剂掺量下化学反应型高黏沥青的微观形貌、改性机理及性能变化规律,并结合高黏沥青混合料的路用性能测试,完成了改性剂掺量的优选。结果表明:化学反应型高黏沥青可以采用纯搅拌工艺制备,其宏观性能和热存储稳定性优异,相应的沥青混合料也具有路用性能优势;建议的搅拌时长为3 h,建议的改性剂掺量为沥青质量的7%~8%。

竹原纤维接枝改性反应历程探讨

为改善竹原纤维的服用性能,迎合广大消费者个性化、新颖化、功能化的要求,以天然竹原纤维为原料,探讨了环氧氯丙烷、β-环糊精、含氟环氧化合物等十余种化学改性剂应用于竹原纤维的接枝改性,分析了各种不同化学改性剂用于竹原纤维接枝改性的反应历程,对开发具有多功能、高性能、好品质的新型竹原纤维及其纺织面料提供了新思路,同时对化学改性剂在纺织印染领域中的应用指出了新的方向。

Photocatalysis fundamentals and surface modification of TiO_2 nanomaterials

As a green and sustainable technology,heterogeneous photocatalysis using semiconductors has received much attention during the past decades because of its potential to address energy and environmental problems. Among various semiconductors,TiO2 has been regarded as the best and most widely investigated photocatalyst in the past 10 years. Based on the fundamentals of photocatalysis and surface chemistry of TiO2 nanomaterials,we herein summarize and discuss the achievements in the different surface modification strategies employed to date such as surface doping and sensitization,construction of surface heterojunctions,loading of nano-sized co-catalysts,increase in the accessible surface areas,and usage of surface F effects and exposure of highly reactive facets. Especially,the interesting synergistic effects of these different surface modification strategies deserve more attention in the near future. Studying these important advances in photocatalysis fundamentals,and surface chemistry and modification may offer new opportunities for designing highly efficient TiO2-based and non-TiO2-based photocatalysts for solar fuel production,environmental remediation,organic photosynthesis,and other related fields such as solar cell device fabrication,thermal catalysis,and separation and purification.

WATER-BLOWN POLYURETHANE RIGID FOAMS MODIFIED BY CHEMICAL PLASTICATION

Water-blown polyurethane rigid foams are getting more and more attention,because the traditional blowing agent HCFC141b has already been abolished to prevent the ozone layer from destruction.However,the polyurethane rigid foams blown by water have serious defects,i.e.friability and resulting lower adhesion strength.Thus,the purpose of this study is to resolve the problems by chemical plastication.The maleate was added to polyol-premix containing water or to polyisocyanate,with both of which maleate does not react.To prove the reaction when polyol-premix and polyisocyanate were mixed,the model composite was synthesized and analyzed by IR,NMR and ESI(MS).Furthermore,a series of water-blown polyurethane rigid foams added different amount maleate were successfully prepared.By testing impact strength and adhesion strength of the foams,the actual effect of adding maleate was obtained.