富有化学特色的板书设计

本文结合化学学科特点,以化学式的符号、物质名称的汉字、实验仪器的简图为模型进行了板书设计的探索,设计出了一些富有化学学科特色的板书,以供中学化学教师借鉴和参考。

高师应用化学特色专业的建设与实践

本文就如何在师范院校建设应用化学特色专业介绍了几点经验,实践证明,我校应用化学专业人才培养质量和社会评价情况是好的。

开设有机化学特色创新应用实验的研究

特色是生命,创新是源泉。文山学院是一所边疆民族欠发达地区新近才晋升为本科的地方院校,只有根据本地区社会发展需要,以及本校的实际,建设成为具有特色、创新、应用的院校才有立足之地。秉承这种思想,学科、课程建设也只有走出特色、创新、应用之路才能生存。文山学院生化系有机化学教研组在基础有机化学实验教学中开设特色创新实验进行了探索研究,在保证基本操作得到充分训练,物质的性质得到验证巩固、有机化合物的合成、分离纯化得到强化的基础上,加大特色、创新、应用实验的开设,学生能力得到提高,为将来尽快适应社会工作奠定基础,取得了较好的成效,有机化学及实验课程被学院评为精品课程。

基于电化学特色的应用化学专业课程群的构建与实践

“新能源”和“新材料”等战略性新兴产业对电化学技术人才的综合素质、创新意识与能力提出了更高要求。以电化学学科和行业对人才的需求为导向,构建以电化学为特色的功能明确、特色鲜明的适应专业素质能力要求的应用化学专业课程群;按精品课程的要求重点建设电化学原理、化学电源和电化学设备与工程设计等3门核心课程,充分发挥核心课程对整个课程体系的引领、带动和示范作用,提高本专业的办学水平和人才培养质量。

试论应用化学特色专业的建设与人才培养

应用化学专业更注重对应用型人才的培养,因此在应用化学专业中需要注重教学的特色性建设,这样才能够保证培养的人才更适应社会的需求,符合专业的特点。应用化学特色专业的建设以及人才的培养中,首先需要明确该专业的市场定位,并采取科学的培养方式,设定特色的专业建设目标,搭建合理的培养平台。主要对应用化学特色专业的建设以及人才的培养进行具体的分析。

我国应用型文化研究的定位、学术特征与本土特色——兼谈中国特色文化学科建设

与理论型文化研究不同,应用型文化研究不仅关注理论创新,更强调研究成果的实际应用,定位于为政策制定、文化管理、文化产业等提供理论指导与决策依据。其研究对象包括所有文化及其涉及的相关行业;研究内容涉及文化政策、文化产业、文化传播、社区文化,文化市场、文化交流与合作等广泛的领域。就学科归属看,应用型文化研究是典型的综合性研究,视具体情况可分别归属于文化哲学、文化生态学、文化战略学、文化管理学、文化政策学、文化法学、公共文化服务学、文化产业学、文化传播学,以及各具体专业学科,如美术学、音乐学等,总体呈现出明显的跨学科特征。此外,应用型文化研究具有“基于建设立场”“重实用”“受具体现实(资金、土地、时间、人力)要素紧约束紧”“多主体博弈”“必要的量化研究”“需团队协作、需本土专家参与”“话语类型工程化”等若干特征。就我国特殊的国情来看,应用型文化研究还呈现出了明显的中国特色,也存在研究资质认定、成果评估、平台建设等一些亟待解决的问题。未来应充分考虑中国式现代化的要求,发挥社会主义制度的优势,结合超大型国家的特殊国情和民族文化的创造性转化与创新性发展,借助现代信息技术,探索建立有中国特色的应用型文化研究学术体系。

现代医学化学的教学探讨

随着新世纪的到来,现代社会对医学发展的要求逐步提高,医学化学作为医学生的一门非常重要的基础课,也面临着新的挑战和机遇。在强调素质教育的今天,医学化学教学应当顺应历史潮流适时改革,推陈出新,用新理念和新方法提高化学教学质量,为学生学习医学理论和技术打下坚实基础。首先:教师要丰富自己的知识面,提高自身的基本素质,与时俱进。只有在大量掌握专业知识的基础上,我们上课才能在书本内容的基础上有所发挥,才能将枯燥的知识变成一个个生动的故事。其次:教学内容的改革,优化教学内容,突出重点,突出"医学化学"的特色。现行的医学化学教材其基本框架仍在沿用数10年前的模式,许多非常实用的医学化学知识新技术在医学中的应用则很少涉及,因此医学化学教学内容改革势在必行。再次:现代的教学手段,多媒体的应用代替了单纯粉笔黑板的简单枯燥,但是还存在很多误区,教师多媒体技术过度依赖,不利于学生思维和创新能力的培养。影响教学的质量和效果。最后:化学是一门实验科学,化学知识的学习和化学素质的培养,都离不开化学实验的辅助作用。在化学的产生、建立和发展的过程中,化学实验是归纳化学基本规律,验证理论预言和假说的主要依据。因此,近年来大学化学实验的改革引起教育界的重视,加强对大学生的实验操作能力、自学能力、创新能力、心理素质和综合素质的培养。

超越经验的化学教学论

认为化学教学论应该与化学教师的成长互为目的和手段,要建立在扎实的教学实践基础之上,要有广阔的教育理论视野、深厚的化学知识背景、完善的外部形态和完整的内部结构,能清楚地回答"化学教学是什么"(化学教学本体论和化学教学认识论),"化学教学为什么"(化学教学价值论),"化学教学应该如何"(化学教学方法论),并以丰富的文化知识内涵和广阔的教育理论视野为背景界定这门学科的基本概念,组织基础理论,才能担当化学教学理论与实践赋予的任务。

地方高校“融合-分流”驱动的拔尖人才培养模式探讨与思考——以湖南师范大学化学化工学院为例

创新是时代的主题,而高校是创新人才培养的阵地。地方高校创新人才培养模式的探讨有着十分重要的意义。湖南师范大学化学化工学院在理工教融合的基础上进行分流培养,不但可以将具有科学家潜质的学生培养为"科研的拔尖创新人才",又能将具有教育情怀、对教学有独特兴趣和独到见解的学生培养成"化学教学拔尖创新人才"。这种化学特色拔尖创新型人才培养模式将极大地推动地方高校的人才培养。

Clinical and Pathological Features of Riedel's Thyroiditis

Objective To evaluate the clinical and pathological features of Riedel's thyroiditis(RT),and current diagnostic and treatment methods for that disease.Methods Five RT cases identified by surgery and pathological examinations at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1985 to 2009 were analyzed and compared with the cases reported in the literature in terms of clinical and pathological features.Immunohistochemical staining of kappa and lambda light chains was carried out for RT tissues from all the five patients.Results All the five cases were females,aged 45-55 years.Elevation of serum thyroid autoantibodies was found in only one patient,who had longer disease duration than the others.Pathological examination revealed invasive fibrosclerosis of the thyroid follicles,thyroid capsule,and the surrounding tissues.In RT tissues,the number of cells containing lambda chains was a little higher than those containing kappa chains.Conclusions RT is a rare disease which might be more common in middle-aged females than in other populations.Pathological features include the destruction of thyroid follicle,extension into surrounding tissues by inflammatory cells and fibrous tissues.Immunohistochemical staining of kappa and lambda chains could help diagnose RT.

“生命活动的物质基础”复习课教学与反思

利用“营养快线”饮料建构了“生命活动的物质基础”复习课，让学生体验食品中的化学，再到生活中的化学，最后到自然界中的化学，感悟化学是无处不在的。同时，在复习课教学中，利用化学实验手段、化学思维方式和化学符号向学生展示了化学学科特色，渗透了“化学观”教育，培养了学生的学科素养．在收获知识的同时提升能力。

Impacts of different drying strategies on drying characteristics,the retention of bio-active ingredient and colour changes of dried Roselle

The drying kinetics of Roselle （Hibiscus sabdariffa L） of variety Terengganu （UMKL-1） and the quality attribution of Roselle were studied. The experiments were conducted using four different drying methods, including solar greenhouse drying （SD）, solar greenhouse with intermittent heat pump drying （SIHP）, hot air drying （HA） and heat pump drying （HP）. Among the four drying methods, HP achieved the highest drying rate at a range from 0.054 g H20-（g DM）-1. rain-1 to 0.212 g H20-（g DM）-1. rain 1 while SD had the lowest drying rate, measured at 0.042 g H2O. （g DM） 1.min- 1. The analysis on colour kinetics revealed that there is no significant colour loss （p 〉 0.05） observed from HP＇s dried Roselle. Greater amount of flavonoid compounds i.e. protocatechuic acid was found in SD and SIHP dried finished product whereas HP＇s dried Roselle contains higher percentage of catechin as compared to other drying methods.

Clinicopathologic features and immunohistochemical analysis of 67 gastric adenoma patients

Objective： The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic features of gastric adenoma. Methods： Sixty-seven cases of adenoma diagnosis of gastric biopsy specimens using light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and follow-up methods were studied. Results： Histopathology of gastric adenoma characteristics： nuclear anaplasia, showing increase of nuclear volume and irregular, and the emergence of one or more nucleoli, mitotic ≤ 2/10 high power field （HPF）. Structural changes in the gland： adenoma of the duct much more consistent, sometimes the size of the gland and irregular contour, might be associated with intestinal metaplasia. Increased significantly when the nuclear volume, mitotic 〉 2/10 HPF, irregular gland distortion, branched structures, suggesting the development of adenomas. Immunophenotype： tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens had a higher expression; adenomatous polyposis coli gene （APC） and carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） expression of closely related with the formation of adenoma. Mucin muc-2 high expression was negatively correlated with muc-1 low expression, the combination of both can help to determine the development and changes in gastric adenoma. Survivin, Bcl-2, p21 and p53 protein expression rare cases, four were combined with the malignant transformation of gastric adenoma was important discriminant. Ki-67 positive cells 20%-40%, and could be used as degree of cell proliferation, a reference indicator of prognosis. Thirty-six to 49 months of follow-up results showed that cured 44.8% （30/67）, there adenomatous hyperplasia 35.8% （24167）, with the development of dysplasia showed 14.4% （11/67）, the development of intramucosal carci- noma were 3.0% （2/67）. Conclusion： Gastric adenomas occur significantly increased nuclear volume, mitotic 〉 2/10 HPF, ir- regular gland distortion, branch-like structure; immunohistochemical staining showed positive expression of muc-2 decreased, muc-1 positive expression; cell proliferation index Ki -67 〉 40%; p21, p53 protein expression occurred, suggesting a tendency to cancer, endoscopic mucosal resection should be as soon as possible.

Study on oil–source correlation by analyzing organic geochemistry characteristics: a case study of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the south of Ordos Basin, China

In the south of the Ordos Basin, the oil source of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation is confused all the time, which affects further exploration. In this study, oil sources from the oil layers of Ch6, Ch8 and Ch9 are all analyzed and confirmed. Through their carbon isotope value and biomarkers, characteristics of crude oils from the Yanchang Formation are analyzed. Then, the oil–source relation is discussed, with the source rocks' features.Finally, the oil–source relation is calculated through cluster analysis. It is believed that the oils from the Yanchang Formation deposit in a similar redox environment, with weak oxidation–weak reduction, and have all entered maturity stage. Ch9 crude oil is more mature than crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8, and has more advanced plants and fewer algae. Gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS) analysis show that crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 may come from Ch7, and Ch9 crude oil may not. Cluster analysis displays that crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 have closer squared Euclidean distance with Ch7 source rocks than Ch9 crude oil does,indicating crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 stem from Ch7 source rocks. And Ch9 crude oil has rather close squared Euclidean distance with Ch9 source rocks, illustrating Ch9 crude oil may be from Ch9 source rocks. This research may provide the theoretical basis for the next exploration deploy in the south of Ordos Basin.

The Relationship between Polarographic Reduction Potentials and Discharge Properties of Disperse Dyes

The half-wave potentials of disperse dyes with different structures are measured, the relationship between half-wave potentials and their discharge properties is discussed, then their effect factors are studied, such as the chemical structure types and substituents of disperse dyes and technological parameters. The results indicate that the half-wave potentials of disperse dyes when reduced could be used to characterize their reducing and discharge properties.

Leptin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ expression in colorectal adenoma

AIM： To investigate the expressions of leptin and per- oxisome proliferator-activated receptor y （PPARG） in relation to body mass index （BMI）. METHODS： We evaluated leptin and PPARG expres- sion in 30 adenomas over 1 cm in size by immunohisto- chemical staining. In addition, clinicopathologic features including BMI were assessed. RESULTS： PPARG and leptin expression showed a strong positive correlation （P = 0.035）. The average BMI of the leptin-positive group was higher than that of the leptin-negative group （25.4 ＋ 3.4 kg/m2 vs 22.6 ＋ 2.4 kg/m2, P = 0.018）, and leptin expression was sig- nificantly correlated with high BMI （P = 0.024）. Leptinexpression was more frequently observed in intermedi- ate/high grade dysplasia than in low grade dysplasia （P = 0.030）. However, PPARG expression was not cor- related with BMI and grade of dysplasia. CONCLUSION： BMI has influenced on the leptin ex- pression of colorectal adenoma. The exact mechanism underlies the strong correlation between leptin and PPARG expression needs further study.

The study on the beauty of Yulin Tea-picking

Yulin was belong to ＂Hundred Yue＂ in ancient time, the Zhuang and Yao nationality was the indigenous people here. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the central plains people constantly migrating to the south not only brought the advanced agricultural technology, but also a lot of Hafts customs and folk music, including the ＂picking flower lanterns＂, ＂tea-picking drama＂ and other folk music cultures which combined with the local pristine ＂tea plucking＂ folk songs, and then the ＂tea plucking＂ music culture began to have its own unique artistic features. These characteristics contributed to highlight the beauty of Yulin tea plucking opera. This article mainly discusses Yulin tea-picking Drama＇s rich aesthetic connotation through elaborating its music, lyrics, the theme, dancing, and clothing etc.

Research on the Relationship of Cross-Cultural Context and English Teaching from the Perspective of the Development of Linguistics and Pedagogy： A Theoretical Review

In this paper, we conduct theoretical review on the relationship of cross-cultural context and the English teaching from the perspective of the development of linguistics and pedagogy. To learn a foreign language is mainly used for the purpose of intercultural communication and successful communication depends on not only good language structure knowledge depends on understanding and grasp of the cultural context in communication. Diversified teaching mode should be designed according to different teaching goal. Teachers should according to the actual circumstance of various other class teaching, planning and design to reflect the personalized teaching. The words carry each other＇ s national culture information and reflect the national mentality of the humanities, represent the cultural background of different languages which have distinct and unique ethnic characteristics.

Urban Transformation and Nostalgia in Merdivenkoy, Istanbul

In this paper the author will try to discuss the experiences and narratives of three different categories of families living in Merdivenkoy, Fikirtepe, the oldest settlement and suburban area of the Anatolian side of Istanbul, on the backdrop of urban transformation that will change the area soon. In life story narratives, these three examples give us information about the history, economic linkage, and life styles of neighboring families. The first category basically consists of the families that live in the area for a very long time, over some decades or more. Even one of them mentioned that, their family is living there for hundreds of years. The second category, which represents the biggest group living in the area, consists of families migrated from Sivas, a central Anatolian city, in the 1950s. Third category consist of Kurds migrated from eastern Anatolian villages and cities such as Mardin. Each category has different kinds of nostalgia about the past. Interviewees from the first category talk about family narratives related to the small village Merdivenk6y, Fikirtepe and the area. Mostly, they have a story of a ＂well off＂ family, structured and detailed narratives about the family history, including relations with the Ottoman Palace such as doing some sort of production for it. They seem very sensitive about the local cultural characteristics and what＇s going on in the area; realistic about and reconciled with what will happen as a result of slum clearance. Interviewees from the second category mostly emphasize the hardship of settling in a muddy suburban area, where once ＂muddy lands＂ now turned out to become valuable urban properties on which new and modem neighborhoods, shopping malls and office buildings will be built. They are expecting to get maximum gain out of the exchange of their small property, since they are desperately in need, because of the financial crisis situation. Although their houses with small gardens near the small industrial area are small, old, and neglected for years, they expect the most. Relatively newcomers, Kurdish people in the area talk about the good old days on the one hand and the painful stories about migration and settling on the other hand. They do not think about going back to their native lands, since here it is easier for them to find jobs in the informal economy as they live very close to central parts of the city. As a part of a larger research study focused on the experience of urban transformation, we made more than 50 interviews, trying to make a general outlook of the area, working on the dynamics of change before and after the urban transformation that had been started in June 2010. By using oral history research techniques and social science methodology, we conducted in-depth interviews with the people living in the neighborhood, made observations in the neighborhood and took photographs. The author＇s work is about the reflections of nostalgia in their family histories and experiences of different categories of families living in the area referring life story narratives. As far as the author can see in each group he works on, there are different contradictions related to their position in the city and conception of the area. The urban transformation presented and is perceived as a fortune for all of them, but it will have contradictory outcomes in reality for each as indicated in other examples in the world.