如何提高化学课堂教学的有效性

化学课堂教学必须结合现实中的实际问题,让学生用化学知识和化学的思维方法去看待、分析及解决实际问题,使学生体验到化学的价值。只有这样,才能突出学生在教学中的主体地位,从而进一步激发学生的求知欲和创新精神,大大提高课堂教学效率。因此,我从“重组学习材料”“在现实中展现化学”“在现实情境中体验化学”“化学源于实践,又运用于实践”“积极采用现代化教学手段——多媒体教学”等几方面,对如何提高化学课堂教学的有效性进行了阐述。

ADSORPTION OF PHENOL AND Pb^(2+) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY A NEW DI-FUNCTION ADSORBENT WITH SULFHYDRYL GROUPS

A new di-function adsorbent (JN-3) was prepared by sulfhydryl modified. Comparing with Amberlite XAD-4 and NDA-150, the equilibrium adsorption for phenol on the JN-3 from aqueous solutions was tested, perfect adsorption capacity was shown. Pb2+ can be also removed by JN-3 because of the chelate interaction between sulfhydryl groups and metal ions. This adsorbent could be used in removal of combine pollutants such as phenolic compounds and heavy metal ions from waste streams.

Vibrational Structure of Selected Compounds Derived from Biomass： Lignin Dimers, Selected Aldopentoses and Aldohexoses

The production of chemicals from biomass is a very challenging process due to its diverse chemical composition. Lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose are the three main biopolymers of wood biomass, with cell walls ＆plant origin. Lignin has been chosen for the present studies due to its range of different linkages and structures. The present work involved a computational study of the most dominant lignin dimers and their vibrational structures, based on the Density Functional Theory method. Full geometry optimization of the compartments used the StoBe code with cluster model and non-local functional （RPBE） approach. The calculations of the vibrational frequencies were performed with harmonic approximations as well as an anharmonicity fit in the Morse potential function, as implemented in the StoBe code. In the case oflignin, the calculations included three different precursors based on： coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol. To represent the cellulose and hemicellulose derivatives, selected aldopentoses and aldohexoses （arabinose, xylose, glucose, galactose, and mannose） were considered. Presented here are the theoretical investigations for a variety of biomass derived compounds, to give the possibility of obtaining a theoretical VBD （Vibrations Basis Database） for experimental spectra interpretation. Such a database could be further used in the preliminary composition assessment of biomass derived substrates, which will be discussed here in more detail.

Research and building of optimization measures of college English teaching

more and more people recognize the speed and level of development of a university depends not only on the level of the school of thought and teacher but also on the laboratory construction and management level. Over the years many famous scholars and experts from many aspects and multidimensional perspective discusses the role and importance of laboratory work and practice of education and teaching, practice shows that： the degree of awareness and attention to a university laboratory construction and practice teaching in a sense reflects the understanding of the university personnel training and higher education. In the past, ＂focus on the theory and lighten the practice,＂ the idea has far-reaching impact, now we want to change old ideas; this is because in today＇ s quality education, construction, laboratory and practical education reform teaching content and methods are a part of education reform. We attach great importance to the English school laboratory building. In the new campus, the school has invested heavily to build five advanced equipment, it is a leading English Autonomous Learning Center. Independent Learning Centre is to stimulate students ＇interest in learning, develop students＇ ability to multi-faceted, full use modern teaching equipment to improve English skills platform of independent centers of learning effect.

On Chinese New School in portrait sculpture

＂The new academic portrait sculpture＂ is the mainstream style of Chinese contemporary portrait sculpture, it attempts to rethink traditional and contemporary cultural on the basis of the traditional realism College. Perhaps this attempt was coordinated with Chinese traditional ＂ eclectic, absorbing ＂ idea, and soon was unanimously affirmed. Parts of the second generation of sculptors have begun to ＂ adapt to the times,＂ the vast majority of third-generation sculptors completed the transition very quickly, and therefore produced various works, such as Li Xiangqun＇ s ＂Guo Moruo ＂, Jiang Jie ＇ s ＂ classmates series ＂etc.

Philosophy and Theology in the Islamic Culture： Al-Farabis De scientiis

In this paper, the author refers to the Latin translation of the Kitab Ihsa ＇al＇ Ulum of Al-Frabi made by Dominicus Gundissalinus in the Xllth Century in Toledo, Spain. This text under the Latin title De scientiis was one of the most influential texts of the Arab and Persian world in the western Latin Europe. It is an introductory text into all until known sciences written for students and laymen （illiterate） who want to study one of these sciences. The text of Al-Farabi discusses the seven liberal arts, all of the works on physics of Aristotle and includes some reflexions on metaphysics, political philosophy and theology. There are two important points： （1） All sciences have a theoretical and practical aspect. All sciences are sciences of principles and causes and their application to the practical world. （2） The so called prima philosophia is the political philosophy and not metaphysics. In this respect, Al-Farabi subordinates theology as a science of the religious laws to politics as a science of civil laws. In the same respect, he combines, under the famous sentence of Plato that philosophers are the governors and the very well companions of mankind, politics with theology

The Morphological Analysis of Folktales of Tu Nationality in Hehuang Region in Northwest China

The Tu nationality （also called ＂Tu people＂ or ＂Tus＂ in the paper）, one of the multiple ethnic minorities in the Hehuang Region （河湟地区） between Gansu （甘肃） and Qinghai （青海） Provinces in the northwest China, has no written language of their own, but has already created the abundant and varied colorful literary genres. Since the 1980s, folktales, as the main literary product popular in the region, have received literary criticisms and reviews from scholars and researchers in China, based on the socialist realism dominant in China in the 20th century that emphasized more on contents, motifs and even ideological significance. So far, no breakthroughs have been made in their studies even if some young scholars have tried from the formalist viewpoints. Therefore, this paper attempts to make a morphological analysis of the Tus＇ folktales by adopting Propp＇s theories, trying to find out the morphological narrative model beneath the language level of the folktales. Through the studies, we can see that collective awareness bonded by kinship is more emphasized in Tus＇ culture, and almost all tales end with good defeating evil. Therefore, the studies of these folktales will help us deep understand Tus＇ psychological conditions and positive cultural life.

增进化学学科理解 提升课堂教学能力——以“pH的教学”为例

提升化学教师专业素养的化学学科理解,应该包括理解化学科学内容、理解化学课程内容,理解学生的“化学现实”内容。利用所理解的化学学科知识以及具有化学学科特质的思维方式和方法进行课堂教学设计,以具体例子说明增进化学学科理解是教师提升教学设计能力和实施能力的关键。