解脲脲原体是一种重要的病原微生物,近年来其耐药形势十分严峻,因此寻找一种全新的有效替代治疗方案尤为重要。本研究旨在探索光动力抗微生物化学疗法对解脲脲原体体外活性的影响。选取解脲脲原体两种生物群(Parvo生物群及T960生物群)...解脲脲原体是一种重要的病原微生物,近年来其耐药形势十分严峻,因此寻找一种全新的有效替代治疗方案尤为重要。本研究旨在探索光动力抗微生物化学疗法对解脲脲原体体外活性的影响。选取解脲脲原体两种生物群(Parvo生物群及T960生物群)代表菌株,包括标准株及临床株,与系列稀释的2.5~0.039 062 5 mmol/L光敏剂甲苯胺蓝孵育20 min或60 min,再以(633±10)nm红光照射,设置48、102、204和408 m J/cm2共4组能量密度,48 h后判读结果。观察不同解脲脲原体与甲苯胺蓝孵育时间、甲苯胺蓝浓度、光照能量密度对光动力抗微生物化学疗法灭活解脲脲原体效果的影响,并观察两种生物群对光动力抗微生物化学疗法敏感性的差异。结果显示,光动力抗微生物化学疗法在体外对解脲脲原体有明显灭活作用。在光照能量密度及解脲脲原体与甲苯胺蓝孵育时间固定的前提下,这种灭活作用随甲苯胺蓝浓度的增加而增强;单一633 nm红光光源在408 m J/cm^2及以下的能量密度对解脲脲原体的活性无明显影响。在甲苯胺蓝浓度及解脲脲原体与甲苯胺蓝孵育时间固定的条件下,光动力抗微生物化学疗法对解脲脲原体的灭活作用随光照能量密度(48~408 m J/cm^2)的增加而增强。随孵育时间(30~60 min)延长,光动力抗微生物化学疗法对解脲脲原体的灭活作用有增强的趋势。结果提示,两种解脲脲原体生物群对光动力抗微生物化学疗法的敏感性相似。本研究证实,光动力抗微生物化学疗法在体外能有效灭活解脲脲原体,有望成为解脲脲原体感染的有效替代治疗方法。展开更多
AIM: To elucidate the differences in somatic, psycho-logical and biochemical pattern between the subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: Eighty IBS patients, 30 diarrhoea pre-dominant (D-IBS), 16 constipa...AIM: To elucidate the differences in somatic, psycho-logical and biochemical pattern between the subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: Eighty IBS patients, 30 diarrhoea pre-dominant (D-IBS), 16 constipation predominant (C-IBS) and 34 alternating IBS (A-IBS) underwent physi-otherapeutic examinations for dysfunctions in body movements and awareness and were compared to an apparently healthy control group (AHC). All groups an-swered questionnaires for gastrointestinal and psycho-logical symptoms. Biochemical variables were analysed in blood. RESULTS: The D-IBS group showed less body aware-ness, less psychological symptoms, a more normal sense of coherence and psychosocial rating as well as higher C-peptide values. C-IBS had a higher degree of body dysfunction and psychological symptoms, as well as the lowest sense of coherence compared to controls and D-IBS. They also demonstrated the most elevated prolactin levels. A-IBS had the lowest degree of body disturbance, deteriorated quality of life and affected bi-ochemical pattern. All subtypes had higher pain scores compared to controls. In addition they all had signifi -cantly increased triglycerides and elevated morning cortisol levels, however, without statistical signifi cance compared with the controls.CONCLUSION: IBS subtypes showed different pro-files in body awareness, somatic and psychological symptoms and in biochemical variables. D-IBS differed compared to the other groups by lowered body aware-ness, less psychological symptoms and a higher sense of coherence and elevated C-peptide values. C-IBS and A-IBS subtypes suffered more from depression and anxiety, associated with a lower quality of life. These differences may be important and will be taken into account in our treatment of these patients.展开更多
The clinical management of metastatic （stage IV） colorectal cancer （CRC） is a common challenge faced by surgeons and physicians. The last decade has seen exciting developments in the management of CRC, with signif...The clinical management of metastatic （stage IV） colorectal cancer （CRC） is a common challenge faced by surgeons and physicians. The last decade has seen exciting developments in the management of CRC, with significant improvements in prognosis for patients diagnosed with stage IV disease. Treatment options have expanded from 5-fluorouracil alone to a range of pharmaceutical and interventional therapies, improving survival, and providing a cure in selected cases. Enhanced understanding of the biologic pathways most important in colorectal carcinogenesis has led to a new generation of drugs showing promise in advanced disease. It is hoped that in the near future the treatment paradigm of metastatic CRC will be analogous to that of a chronic illness, rather than a rapidly terminal condition. This overview discusses the epidemiology of advanced CRC and currently available therapeutic options including medical, surgical, ablative and novel modalities in the management of metastatic colorectal cancer.展开更多
Patients older than 65 years are the fastest growing segment of the cancer population. It is estimated that within 20 years over 75% of cases and 85% of deaths from colorectal cancer (CRC) will be in this setting. Con...Patients older than 65 years are the fastest growing segment of the cancer population. It is estimated that within 20 years over 75% of cases and 85% of deaths from colorectal cancer (CRC) will be in this setting. Concerns about cancer treatment in the elderly relate to comorbidities, which increase proportionally with age, physiological changes associated with aging which may influence drug metabolism and toxicity, and diminishing life expectancy, which particularly impacts decisions surrounding the benefits of adjuvant therapies. Over the last 10 years, significant improvements in the treatment of advanced CRC with combination therapy have been made. The randomized trials which have defined these improvements did not exclude elderly patients. However, the median age of patients in these trials has generally been approximately 60 years. Thus, it appears that some degree of selection is involved with younger and presumably fitter patients being the subjects in most of the pivotal trials. The availability of new molecularly targeted agents and newly improved existing agents has expanded the range of treatment options available. This variety gives greater flexibility in dealing with different subsets of patients, such as the elderly. However, some fit elderly patients seem to tolerate combination therapy reasonably well, while studies on unfit elderly subjects are needed.展开更多
文摘解脲脲原体是一种重要的病原微生物,近年来其耐药形势十分严峻,因此寻找一种全新的有效替代治疗方案尤为重要。本研究旨在探索光动力抗微生物化学疗法对解脲脲原体体外活性的影响。选取解脲脲原体两种生物群(Parvo生物群及T960生物群)代表菌株,包括标准株及临床株,与系列稀释的2.5~0.039 062 5 mmol/L光敏剂甲苯胺蓝孵育20 min或60 min,再以(633±10)nm红光照射,设置48、102、204和408 m J/cm2共4组能量密度,48 h后判读结果。观察不同解脲脲原体与甲苯胺蓝孵育时间、甲苯胺蓝浓度、光照能量密度对光动力抗微生物化学疗法灭活解脲脲原体效果的影响,并观察两种生物群对光动力抗微生物化学疗法敏感性的差异。结果显示,光动力抗微生物化学疗法在体外对解脲脲原体有明显灭活作用。在光照能量密度及解脲脲原体与甲苯胺蓝孵育时间固定的前提下,这种灭活作用随甲苯胺蓝浓度的增加而增强;单一633 nm红光光源在408 m J/cm^2及以下的能量密度对解脲脲原体的活性无明显影响。在甲苯胺蓝浓度及解脲脲原体与甲苯胺蓝孵育时间固定的条件下,光动力抗微生物化学疗法对解脲脲原体的灭活作用随光照能量密度(48~408 m J/cm^2)的增加而增强。随孵育时间(30~60 min)延长,光动力抗微生物化学疗法对解脲脲原体的灭活作用有增强的趋势。结果提示,两种解脲脲原体生物群对光动力抗微生物化学疗法的敏感性相似。本研究证实,光动力抗微生物化学疗法在体外能有效灭活解脲脲原体,有望成为解脲脲原体感染的有效替代治疗方法。
基金Grants from the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
文摘AIM: To elucidate the differences in somatic, psycho-logical and biochemical pattern between the subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: Eighty IBS patients, 30 diarrhoea pre-dominant (D-IBS), 16 constipation predominant (C-IBS) and 34 alternating IBS (A-IBS) underwent physi-otherapeutic examinations for dysfunctions in body movements and awareness and were compared to an apparently healthy control group (AHC). All groups an-swered questionnaires for gastrointestinal and psycho-logical symptoms. Biochemical variables were analysed in blood. RESULTS: The D-IBS group showed less body aware-ness, less psychological symptoms, a more normal sense of coherence and psychosocial rating as well as higher C-peptide values. C-IBS had a higher degree of body dysfunction and psychological symptoms, as well as the lowest sense of coherence compared to controls and D-IBS. They also demonstrated the most elevated prolactin levels. A-IBS had the lowest degree of body disturbance, deteriorated quality of life and affected bi-ochemical pattern. All subtypes had higher pain scores compared to controls. In addition they all had signifi -cantly increased triglycerides and elevated morning cortisol levels, however, without statistical signifi cance compared with the controls.CONCLUSION: IBS subtypes showed different pro-files in body awareness, somatic and psychological symptoms and in biochemical variables. D-IBS differed compared to the other groups by lowered body aware-ness, less psychological symptoms and a higher sense of coherence and elevated C-peptide values. C-IBS and A-IBS subtypes suffered more from depression and anxiety, associated with a lower quality of life. These differences may be important and will be taken into account in our treatment of these patients.
文摘The clinical management of metastatic （stage IV） colorectal cancer （CRC） is a common challenge faced by surgeons and physicians. The last decade has seen exciting developments in the management of CRC, with significant improvements in prognosis for patients diagnosed with stage IV disease. Treatment options have expanded from 5-fluorouracil alone to a range of pharmaceutical and interventional therapies, improving survival, and providing a cure in selected cases. Enhanced understanding of the biologic pathways most important in colorectal carcinogenesis has led to a new generation of drugs showing promise in advanced disease. It is hoped that in the near future the treatment paradigm of metastatic CRC will be analogous to that of a chronic illness, rather than a rapidly terminal condition. This overview discusses the epidemiology of advanced CRC and currently available therapeutic options including medical, surgical, ablative and novel modalities in the management of metastatic colorectal cancer.
文摘Patients older than 65 years are the fastest growing segment of the cancer population. It is estimated that within 20 years over 75% of cases and 85% of deaths from colorectal cancer (CRC) will be in this setting. Concerns about cancer treatment in the elderly relate to comorbidities, which increase proportionally with age, physiological changes associated with aging which may influence drug metabolism and toxicity, and diminishing life expectancy, which particularly impacts decisions surrounding the benefits of adjuvant therapies. Over the last 10 years, significant improvements in the treatment of advanced CRC with combination therapy have been made. The randomized trials which have defined these improvements did not exclude elderly patients. However, the median age of patients in these trials has generally been approximately 60 years. Thus, it appears that some degree of selection is involved with younger and presumably fitter patients being the subjects in most of the pivotal trials. The availability of new molecularly targeted agents and newly improved existing agents has expanded the range of treatment options available. This variety gives greater flexibility in dealing with different subsets of patients, such as the elderly. However, some fit elderly patients seem to tolerate combination therapy reasonably well, while studies on unfit elderly subjects are needed.
