浅析复播豆田化学除草技术推广

晋城市近年来对复播豆田化学药剂除草中存在的豆田杂草种群数量、发生危害、选用药剂、药害产生等问题,进行了综合分析,为豆田化学药剂除草提出了相应的控制对策。

浅谈大豆除草剂药害形成原因及预防补救措施

随着农村种植业结构的调整，及大豆价格的上涨，当前农民种植大豆的热情空前高涨，出现了大豆面积逐年增加的良好态势。由于大豆面积的增加，以往传统的人工除草将被化学除草药剂所代替，其应用面积大幅度上升，这本来是件好事，是科技进步的表现。但最近几年因除草药引起的药害事故时有发生，严重挫伤了农户种植大豆的积极性，制约了大豆良性发展。因此，我们分析了大豆除草剂药害形成原因及预防补救措施，希望对大豆生产具有一定指导作用。

小麦主要生长期的技术管理

一、分蘖期 中耕除草：麦田除草可结合中耕进行人工除草，也可进行化学除草，化学除草药剂选用巨星（双子叶）和骠马（单子叶），也可两种药剂配用。防御冻害：防御冻害要做到一是选用耐寒品种．二是要深耕、足肥、早播、细管培育壮苗。若麦苗巳受冻．分蘖节未冻死的，及时追施速效氮肥，促进恢复生长。

Laboratory simulated dissipation of metsulfuron methyl and chlorimuron ethyl in soils and their residual fate in rice, wheat and soybean at harvest

Two sulfonylurea herbicides, metsulfuron methyl （Ally 20 WP） and chlorimuron ethyl （Classic 25 WP） were evaluated for their dissipation bchaviour in alluvial, coastal saline and laterite soils under laboratory incubated condition at 60% water holding capacity of soils and 30 ℃ temperature was maintained. In field study herbicides were applied twice for the control of grasses, annual and perennials broad leaves weeds and sedges in rice, wheat and soybean to find out the residual fate of both the herbicides on different matrices of respective crops after harvest. Extraction and clean up methodologies for the herbicides were standardized and subsequently analyzed by HPLC. The study revealed that the half-lives of metsulfuron methyl and chlorimuron ethyl ranged from 10.75 to 13.94 d irrespective of soils and doses applied. Field trials with rice, wheat and soybean also revealed that these two herbicides could safely be recommended for application as no residues were detected in the harvest samples.

豫西地区麦田野燕麦危害加重成因及防除对策

野燕麦（Arena fatua L．）是豫西地区麦田中常发性杂草。近年随着小麦种植面积扩大、轮作倒茬难度增加、中耕除草面积锐减和化学除草药剂不对路，发生面积迅速扩大，危害程度逐年加重，已上升为麦田杂草群中的优势种或亚优势种。不但强烈抑制小麦生长，造成严重减产，而且种子混入麦粒，还降低了小麦品质。