“自主-探究-合作”化学课堂教学模式的构建与实践

现如今社会的高速发展必然伴随着事物的更替与发展，新的发现被人们不断地拿上台面，而旧的事物也在时代的前进中被淘汰与取代。随着时间的推移，科学技术从古时被人们当做幻想世界中的事物，渐渐地转化为了现实，那些当初人们以为是天马行空的事情，如今已经被实现并逐渐成为再为普通不过的事物。化学作为一门以实验为基础，从实践出发探究问题，并逐步自成一派的学科，也在岁月的交替中完成了一次次的蜕变与更新，以更好地方式出现在大众的视线中。在化学课堂中，教师与学者们也在不断地摸索出更有利于学生吸收知识，更高效学习的方法。而“自主一探究一合作”的教学模式也在人们的努力探索下逐渐地形成，并广泛地应用与课堂教学当中，让学生更轻松地学习化学，爱上化学，并学会将所学的化学知识应用于实际操作中，回报社会。

化学课堂教学模式重构的冷思考

“杜郎口模式”是新课程改革背景下产生的一种基于高效课堂模式构建的改革方式，它的影响力很广，对各学科的课堂模式均产生冲击。在新课程改革的四阶段背景下，化学课堂教学模式也经历了四个典型阶段。问题情境式和循环推进式是现阶段化学课堂教学的两种主流模式。无论是哪种模式，都有其“短板”，前者“少落实”，后者“缺素养”。高效课堂的构建关键是基础夯实、思维激活、突破有效、拓展有度，从而实现“无模式”的境界。

Different Models of English as an International Language and Their Implications for Teaching Non-English Majors

This paper attempts to reveal and solve problems in language teaching after discussing the issues of language change. It first discusses different models of English in the context of globalization. With detailed analysis of their theoretical backgrounds, development and foundations, this paper classifies these models into three groups： dualism （i.e., dualic model）, trinalism （trinalic model） and monism （monic model）. Through comparison, Yoneoka’s English Umbrella Theory is found to be more comprehensive and is improved into a practical Revised English Umbrella （REU） with the notion of English as an International Language （EIL）. Second, the changing models in English education are briefly reviewed. Attention is paid to the Computer and Classroom-Based （CCB） Model of College English education because of new requirements for College English education. Students’ competence in cross-cultural communication is becoming more and more important in the EIL context. Finally, a modified CCB model is promoted with the REU, combining EIL and English Umbrella elements.