化工废料过磷酸钙在植物秸秆沤肥中的应用

为研究化工废料过磷酸钙对植物秸秆沤肥过程中氮损失率和腐熟时间的影响,以秸秆、瓜蔓、烂菜叶、杂草、畜肥为原材料,以化工废料过磷酸钙为添加剂,在自制的装置中进行沤肥。结果表明:化工废料过磷酸钙有助于减少氮的损失,缩短沤肥腐熟时间。沤肥20 d后,沤肥过程中未添加化工废料过磷酸钙的氮损失率为35.8%,发芽指数为64.3%;而添加了化工废料过磷酸钙的氮损失率为15.2%,发芽指数为82.8%。化工废料过磷酸钙在植物秸秆沤肥过程取得了良好的应用效果。

化工危险废物焚烧及烟气处理工艺

化工产业在生产过程中不可避免地会出现有毒有害的危险废料,并且其中潜存易燃易爆物质以及腐蚀性和传染放射性等物质,不仅对人体有巨大伤害,同时对于自然环境也有较大影响,因此减轻这些有害物质的危险性进行无公害化处理是化学工程当中最需要解决的问题。随着工业领域对化学技术的应用逐渐增多,组合形式的复杂性逐渐提升,越来越多的新材料制造所产生的的废料需要更为有效的处理措施,焚烧一直是采用频率最高的处理方式,不过对于焚烧烟气的处理技术,一直处于研究和优化当中。

氟化工“三废”的资源化利用

中国经济逐步进入稳步发展阶段,国内各企业也开始重视可持续发展理念,加强环境保护工作。我国氟化工行业在生产过程中产生的废气废料会对自然环境造成很大影响,为了贯彻落实可持续发展价值观,就必须对含氟废料进行处理。本文将结合当前我国氟化工行业的发展情况,分析氟化工行业“三废”问题,并对氟化工“三废”问题提出有效的资源化处理措施,希望能够为我国未来的环境发展提供一定的参考性建议。

利用副产石膏生产建筑材料

本文比较系统地介绍了用化工生产中的副产石膏生产各类建筑材料的工艺过程和研究情况。

CM-W多功能混凝土建材助剂

用作混凝土脱模、养护、防水等一剂多用的助剂,其成膜物必须具有润滑减阻、防水抗渗、成膜保水等多种特征。要使油性成膜物质均匀地分散于水中,必须加入乳化剂,乳化剂的选择是配制乳状液的关键。本剂以化工废料为成膜物及乳化剂的主要组成部分,通过辅助药剂的复配、原材料改性,完成了成膜物的配比设计,并以化工废料代替合成表面活性剂,配制出稳定的乳状液——CM-W多功能建材助剂。本文对化工废料为主要组成的原材料选择、配制原理、产品性能、应用实例作简要介绍。

Influence of Composts on Agrochemical Properties of Soils of Zarafshan Valley, Salted with Magnesium Carbonates and Yield Capacity of Corn

Peculiar characteristics of soils of Zarafshan valley are salinity with carbonates. It is recommended to introduce large amount of manure or other organic fertilizers in these soils to improve soil reclamation. But currently there is no possibility to collect so many organic fertilizers in Uzbekistan. That is why other ways of production of organic fertilizers for improving soil fertility were searched. In the experiment, the influence of composts was studied, which prepared from tobacco wastes and manure on agrochemical properties of soils of Zarafshan valley, and production of composts from these industrial wastes, two salted with magnesium carbonates and yield-capacity of com. With the problems that exist in Uzbekistan can be solved at once. These include problems of environmental contamination through wastes and ensuring with organic fertilizers in the irrigated soils. Introduction of composts in the doze of 30 t.ha1 separately and on the background of mineral-NPK （nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium） fertilizers increased the humus content, total NPK and mobile nutritious substances in soil. It is proved that composts, prepared from tobacco wastes with their effect on the yield capacity and quality ofcoru production, can successfully substitute manure. Composts positively influence on the balance of nutritious substances in the system of soil-corn.