Enhanced photochemical oxidation ability of carbon nitride by π-πstacking interactions with graphene

A one-pot method for the preparation of g-C3N4/reduced graphene oxide（rGO） composite photocatalysts with controllable band structures is presented.The photocatalysts are characterized by Fouirer transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,and Mott-Schottky analysis.The valance band（VB） of g-C3N4 exhibits a noticeable positive shift upon hybridizing with rGO,and thus results in a strong photo-oxidation ability.The g-C3N4/rGO composites show a higher photodegradation activity for 2,4-dichlorophenol（2,4-DCP） and rhodamine B（RhB） under visible light irradiation（λ≥420 ran）.The g-C3N4/rGO-1sample exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity,which is 1.49 and 1.52 times higher than that of bulk g-C3N4 for 2,4-DCP and 1.52 times degradation,respectively.The enhanced photocatalytic activity for g-C3N4 originates from the improved visible light usage,enhanced electronic conductivity and photo-oxidation ability by the formed strong π-π stacking interactions with rGO.

Effects of BaCl_2 on K-feldspar flotation using dodecyl amine chloride under natural pH

The effects of BaCl2 on the flotation of K-feldspar using dodecyl amine chloride as the collector under natural pH wereinvestigated by flotation tests, absorption measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and X-ray photoelectronspectroscopy （XPS）. The results indicated that lower BaCl2 concentration can increase the floatability of K-feldspar, whereas higherBaCl2 concentration can significantly inhibit the flotation of K-feldspar. Peaks at 3548.18, 3475.56 and 3414.35 cm？1in the FTIRspectra of K-feldspar adsorbed by dodecyl amine chloride revealed three forms of -OH. XPS analyses of K-feldspar adsorbed byBa2＋ showed that the concentration of K atom was reduced by nearly twice as those of Si, Al, and O. The activation of BaCl2 at a lowconcentration was mainly caused by Ba2＋ in the form of the ion exchange between K＋ and Ba2＋. The inhibitory action of BaCl2 at ahigh concentration is mainly attributed to the physical absorption of Ba2＋ on the surface of K-feldspar and the fact that a highconcentration of Cl？ causes the chemical equilibrium of dodecyl amine chloride to be changed, and the dodecyl amine chloride in theform of RNH2H＋ is reduced.

Thermogravimetric Study and Modeling of Direct Sulfation of Limestone by Sulfur Dioxide

The direct sulfation of limestone from different sources in Iran was studiedin a thermogravimetric analyzer under atmospheric pressure. All limestone samples tested have higherthan 97% CaCO_3. Experimental conditions were as follows: particle size levels ranging from 1.6 μmto 7.8 μm, four level reaction temperatures (700℃, 750℃, 800℃ and 850℃), and two SO_2concentrations (2.4 x 10^(-3) and 3.2 x 10^(-3) mol · mol^(-1)). The particle size and temperatureshowed dominant influences on the rate and level of conversion while the effect of SO_2concentration was weak. The shrinking core model can be used to describe the behavior of thesulfation process. The reaction kinetics and diffusion mechanism are both important in controllingthe rate of the process. The two key parameters of the model, chemical rate constant K_s andeffective diffusion coefficient D_(eff) were obtained. Model predictions are in good agreement withthe experimental data.

Synergistic photocatalytic effect of porous g-C_3N_4 in a Cr(Ⅵ)/4-chlorophenol composite pollution system

The photocatalytic reduction of aqueous Cr(VI)to Cr(III)was preliminarily studied using porousg‐C3N4as a photocatalyst under acidic conditions.The observed synergistic photocatalytic effect ofporous g‐C3N4on a Cr(VI)/4‐chlorophenol(4‐CP)composite pollution system was further studiedunder different pH conditions.Compared with single‐component photocatalytic systems for Cr(VI)reduction or4‐CP degradation,the Cr(VI)reduction efficiency and4‐CP degradation efficiency weresimultaneously improved in the Cr(VI)/4‐CP composite pollution system.The synergistic photocatalyticeffect in the Cr(VI)/4‐CP composite pollution system can be attributed to the acceleratedredox reaction between dichromate and4‐CP by electron transfer with porous g‐C3N4.

Study on Deactivation and Cracking Performance of Catalysts Containing Y and MFI Zeolites

This article investigated the deactivation caused by hydrothermal treatment and metal contamination of two cracking catalysts containing the Y and ZRP- 1 zeolites aimed at maximization of light olefin yield.Test results had shown that the hydrothermal stability and resistance to metal contamination of the ZRP-1zeolite were apparently better than those of the Y zeolite. Hydrothermal treatment and metal contamination had not only changed the catalytic cracking performance of respective zeolites, but at the same time had also modified to a definite degree of the relative proportions of effective components in these two zeolites and affected the synergistic effects between them, resulting in a relative enhancement of secondary cracking ability of the catalyst and increased olefin selectivity in the FCC products. In the course of application of catalyst for maximization of light olefins yield appropriate adjustment of the relative proportion of two active components can help to alleviate the products distribution and selectivity changes caused by deactivationof FCC catalysts.

Commercial Application of UFR to VRDS Unit Expansion at Qilu Petrochemical Company

Technology and commercial application of UFR to VRDS unit expansion at Qilu Petrochemical Company, for which engineering work was done by SINOPEC Engineering Incorporation （the former Beijing Design Institute）, were introduced. Successful experience for the first commercial application of up-flow reactor technology and debottlenecking of the unit were summarized. The findings revealed a new route for inferior residue hydrotreating and revamping the existing units of the like.

氢氟酸浸解法研究华南陡山沱组燧石结核中硅化疑源类初探

华南埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组燧石结核中保存丰富的疑源类化石,对它们的研究一直以岩石切片为手段,这在很大程度上影响到对其三维形态的恢复、系统分类的讨论,以及不同埋藏相下化石组成的对比。本研究尝试用氢氟酸浸解燧石结核来获取立体保存的疑源类标本。本实验使用4%(体积分数)的稀氢氟酸配合20目和400目尼龙筛网,以每2-3小时一次的频率收集酸浸解残余,从来自宜昌地区晓峰河和五指山剖面的陡山沱组二段燧石结核中获得了一些硅质标本,包括立体保存的球状疑源类和疑似化石的片状标本。其中,球状疑源类保存了膜壳塑性变形、膜壳外板片状装饰、内部小球体等结构特征,与从燧石结核岩石薄片中获得的标本和从磷块岩中酸浸解获得的立体磷酸盐化标本完全可以对比;它们的保存状态显示多数标本为疑源类的硅质铸模。本研究表明,作为岩石薄片法的重要补充,氢氟酸浸解法在分离和研究埃迪卡拉系燧石中保存的硅化疑源类上有较大潜力。

The use of graphene oxide membranes for the softening of hard water

Strong chemical interactions between the oxygen-containing functional groups on graphene oxide(GO)sheets and the ions of divalent metals were exploited for the softening of hard water.GO membranes were prepared and evaluated for their ability to absorb Ca2+and Mg2+ions.These GO membranes can effectively absorb Ca2+ions from hard water;a 1 mg GO membrane can remove as much as 0.05 mg Ca2+ions.These GO membranes can be regenerated and used repeatedly.