棉浆黑液燃烧苛化法碱回收治污技术探讨

借鉴造纸行业燃烧苛化法碱回收工艺的成功经验,探讨棉浆浓黑液燃烧苛化法碱回收治污技术。棉浆黑液污染物负荷高,约占70%～80%左右,采用传统的生化物化处理工艺,运行成本高,也难以达到理想的处理效果。应用燃烧苛化法碱回收技术,棉浆黑液碱回率可达60%以上,不仅大大降低了棉浆黑液的污染负荷,实现污水的达标排放,而且还可以回收大量的生产用烧碱、蒸汽,达到节能减排、综合利用的目的。

化学药剂站化固碱工艺改造

针对兰炼化学药剂储配站化固碱方法进行技改，将原通蒸汽加热化碱法改为泵打循环水喷淋化碱法，并对两种化碱方法进行了分析对比。分析结果表明泵打循环水喷淋化碱法不仅操作简单，工艺先进，而且经济效益显著。

NaOH为吸收剂同时脱硫脱硝方法研究

提出一种以NaOH为吸收剂的脱硫脱硝方法,脱硫后的Na_2SO_4电解,一极电解生产NaOH循环使用,另一极产生稀硫酸可作为循环水酸化,同时释放出氢气和氧气,氢气储存用作化工原料,氧气经过电晕成臭氧用于氧化NO成NO_2,再溶于水脱除,实现脱硫脱硝一体化和资源化,最后分析了该方法的可行性和经济性。

一种改良的水稻直链淀粉简易测定方法

本文介绍一种以室温放置过夜的冷碱糊化法代替沸水浴糊化的热碱糊化法,省去了加热设备,并使操作轻松、简便,特别适合于大量样品的测定。通过做18小时糊化、24小时糊化,15～25℃、22～30℃、29～32℃室温等几种不同测定条件下的冷碱糊化法测定与热碱糊化法进行比较,证明了此改良方法与热碱糊化法同样具有良好的准确性、重复性和适应性。

Spectrophotometric Determination of Lodine in Soils by Chloramine T-Tetrabase System

Optimized the experimental conditions of determination of trace iodine in soil in chloramine T-Tetrabase system, and analysis the national standards material, the results showed that the measured values was to be identical with recommended values with a detection limit of 0.16 μg/g, and the relative standard deviation was less than 8%, the whole process was short in time and simple, so it was applicable to the determination of trace iodine in batches.

Research into Uncertainty in Measurement of Seawater Chemical Oxygen Demand by Potassium Iodide-Alkaline Potassium Permanganate Determination Method

Using the glucose and L-glutamic-acid to prepare the standard substance according to the ratio of 1：1, and the artificial seawater and the standard substance to prepare a series of standard solutions, the distribution pattern of uncertainty in measurement of seawater COD is obtained based on the measured results of the series of standard solutions by the potassium iodide-alkaline potassium permanganate determination method. The distribution pattern is as follows： Uncertainty in measurement is big and not constant at the high end, but small and constant at the low end.

N,N-二甲基苄胺含量的测定

本文研究了用甲酰化 -碱量法测定N ,N -二甲基苄胺的含量。此法操作简便 ,快速 ,精确度高 ,重现性好。

Importance, features and uses of metal oxide catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis

This short review paper aims at assembling the present state of the art of the multiuses of metal oxides in heterogeneous catalysis, concerning liquid and gaseous phases of the reactant mixtures on solid catalysts. It includes the description of the main types of metal oxide catalysts, of their various preparation procedures and of the main reactions catalysed by them (acid-base type, selective and total oxidations, bi-functional catalysis, photocatalysis, biomass treatments, environmental catalysis and some of the numerous industrial applications). Challenges and prospectives are also discussed.

Study on Extraction of Biological Humic Acids from Fermented Furfural Residue

[Objective] This study was conducted to obtain the optimal process for the preparation of biological humic acids （BHAs） from fermented furfural residue by al- kali-dissolution and acidification. [Method] BHAs were extracted from fermented furfural residue by the alkali-dissolution and acidification method, to investigate the effects of solid-liquid ratio （mass ratio of fermented furfural residue to water）, alkali concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time on the extraction rate of BHAs by an orthogonal experiment, and then a solid BHA product was obtained by acidification of its extract followed by solid-liquid separation and oven-drying. [Result] The results showed that the optimal extracting conditions were as follows： solid-liquid ratio of 1：8, alkali concentration of 8% KOH, with extracting temperature at 70℃ and extracting time of 2.5 h in the alkali-dissolution step, and in the acidification step, the pH of the BHA mixture was 2.5. Under the optimal conditions, the content of solid BHAs was 76%, and the extraction rate of BHAs was 49%. [Conclusion] This study provides a theoretical basis for the separation and purification of BHAs from fermented furfural residue by the alkali dissolution and acidification method.

Modelling and process optimisation of antimony removal from a complex copper concentrate

The modelling and optimization for the alkaline sulphide leaching of a complex copper concentrate containing 1.69% Sb and 0.14% Sn were studied.Response surface methodology,in combination with central composite face-centred design（RSM-CCF）,was used to optimise the operating parameters.The leaching temperature,sulphide ion concentration and solid concentration were chosen as the variables,and the response parameters were antimony and tin recovery,and the time required to achieve 90% Sb dissolution.It was confirmed that the leaching process was strongly dependent on the reaction temperature as well as the sulphide ion concentration without any significant dependence on the solid concentration.Furthermore,a mathematical model was constructed to characterise the leaching behaviour.The results from the model allow identification of the most favourable leaching conditions.The model was validated experimentally,and the results show that the model is reliable and accurate in predicting the leaching process.

Therapeutic effects of human amniotic epithelial cell transplantation on double-transgenic mice co-expressing APPswe and PS1ΔE9-deleted genes

Human amniotic epithelial cells (HAECs), which exhibit characteristics of embryonic and pluripotent stem cells, could be utilized for cell therapy without legal or ethical problems. Double-transgenic (TG) mice (n=20) and wild-type (WT) mice (n=20) were randomly assigned to two groups, respectively. The transplantation group was treated with HAECs and the control group with PBS. A six-radial arm water maze was used to assess spatial memory. Immunofluorescence was utilized to track HAEC survival. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine octamer-binding protein 4 (oct-4) and nanog expression in the HAECs. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure acetylcholine levels in the hippocampus. The density of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain and nerve fibers in the hippocampus was measured following acetylcholinesterase staining. Results showed that transplanted HAECs survived for at least eight weeks and migrated to the third ventricle without immune rejection. Graft HAECs also expressed the specific stem cell markers oct-4 and nanog. Compared with the control group, HAEC transplantation significantly ameliorated spatial memory deficits in TG mice, as well as increased acetylcholine levels and the number of hippocampal cholinergic neurites. Intracerebroventricular HAEC transplantation improved spatial memory in double-TG mice, and results suggested that increased acetylcholine levels in the hippocampus, released by surviving cholinergic neurites, were responsible for this improvement.

Spatio-Temporal Variability of Soil Salinity in Alluvial Plain of the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River——A Case Study

Soil salinity and hydrologic datasets were assembled to analyze the spatio-temporal variability of salinization in Fengqiu County, Henan Province, China, in the alluvial plain of the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The saline soil and groundwater depth data of the county in 1981 were obtained to serve as a historical reference. Electrical conductivity （EC） of 293 surface soil samples taken from 2 kin x 2 km grids in 2007 and 4{） soil profiles acquired in 2（108 was analyzed and used for comparative mapping. Ordinary kriging was applied to predict EC at unobserved locations to derive the horizontal and vertical distribution patterns and variation of soil salinity. Groundwater table data from 22 observation wells in 2008 were collected and used as input for regression kriging to predict the maximum groundwater depth of the county in 2008. Changes in the groundwater level of Fengqiu County in 27 years from 1981 to 2008 was calculated. Two quantitative criteria, the mean error or bias （ME） and the mean squared error （MSE）, were computed to assess the estimation accuracy of the kriging predictions. The results demonstrated that the soil salinity in the upper soil layers decreased dramatically and the taxonomically defined saline soils were present only in a few micro-landscapes after 27 years. Presently, the soils with relatively elevated salt content were mainly distributed in depressions along the Yellow River bed. The reduction in surface soil salinity corresponded to the locations with deepened maximum groundwater depth. It could be concluded that groundwater table recession allowed water to move deeper into the soil profile, transporting salts with it, and thus played an important role in reducing soil salinity in this region. Accumulation of salts in the soil profiles at various depths below the surface indicated that secondary soil salinization would occur when the groundwater was not controlled at a safe depth.