有机无机肥配施对生态重建先锋植物类芦生长的影响

采用主成分分析、方差分析和多重判别分析等方法,对比研究不同施肥条件下盆栽类芦植株的生长和养分累积特征。结果表明:除施50g稻秆处理外,施肥处理后类芦植株株高、分蘖数、根系形态学特征以及植株养分累积量均显著高于对照(CK),不同施肥处理之间差异显著(P<0.05),且随着施肥量增加而增大,呈现出"稻秆+化肥">蚯蚓粪>稻秆>CK的趋势。有机无机配施的"稻秆+化肥"处理类芦植株生长和养分累积远高于单施有机肥的蚯蚓粪和单施无机肥的处理,有机无机配施是最高效的施肥方式。施肥处理后类芦植株叶片叶绿素荧光参数差异不大,PSⅡ光合反应中心在不同肥力水平下均能正常进行光合作用,类芦植株具有极强的耐贫瘠能力。

Effects of Rice Straw Incorporation and Soil Pre－Flooding on the Fate of Applied （^（15）NH_4）_2SO_4－N and Growth of Rice

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of straw incorporation and soil pre-flooding on the fate of (￣(15)NH_4)_2SO_4-N and the growth of rice. Excessive application of rice straw when incorporated with (￣(15)NH_4)_2SO_4 at the C/N ratio of 40 reduced the loss of (￣(15)NH_4)_2SO_4-N and retarded the growth and development of rice significantly, while no adverse effects were observed on dry weight of panicle and the total recovery of (￣(15)NH_4)_2SO_4-N when rice straw was incorporated with (￣(15)NH_4)_2SO_4 at a C/N ratio less than 25. There were no significant effects of duration of soil pre-flooding within 6 weeks on (￣(15)NH_4)_2SO_4-Nuptake by rice and on rice growth, but, less loss of (￣(15)NH_4)_2SO_4-N was observed in the soil with a longer period of pre-flooding.