本文利用日本第二次全球大气再分析项目(JRA-55)提供的逐日积雪深度数据、欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)提供的全球再分析数据及Hadley海温数据分析了春季欧亚大陆积雪异常模态及其与北大西洋海温的遥相关关系,并通过模式模拟分析验证。...本文利用日本第二次全球大气再分析项目(JRA-55)提供的逐日积雪深度数据、欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)提供的全球再分析数据及Hadley海温数据分析了春季欧亚大陆积雪异常模态及其与北大西洋海温的遥相关关系,并通过模式模拟分析验证。结果表明:春季欧亚大陆雪深前两种模态差异显著,分别表现为东、西区域同向变化及反向变化两种非对称形态。其中,同期北大西洋"三极子型"海温模态与"马鞍型"海温模态分别与雪深第一、第二模态具有显著相关关系,这两种海温模态下对应的北半球中高纬波动作用通量分别呈丝绸之路(SRP)型和欧亚波列(EU)型两种传播特征,对中高纬西风气流的位置、强度产生了不同影响,进而对欧亚雪深分布产生遥相关作用。通过局地多尺度能量涡度分析法(Localized Multiscale Energy and Vorticity Analysis,简称MSE-VA)表明,北大西洋源区有自下向上的动能传输,另外,西风急流出口的平均动能转化增加,使得高层动能累积并向外辐散,从而对下游产生遥相关作用。通过CAM5.1模式模拟研究了北大西洋"三极子型"和"马鞍型"两种海温模态下的波作用通量传播特征,结果较好地验证了来自北大西洋的波动作用通量传播呈"SRP"型和"EU"型两种特征,对应的降雪分布表明两种模态下气候场要素的变化与对应雪深模态的分布特征一致。展开更多
An unusually warm East Asia in spring 2018,when exceptionally high surface air temperatures were recorded in large areas of Asia,such as northern China,southern China,and Japan,was investigated based on the ERA-Interi...An unusually warm East Asia in spring 2018,when exceptionally high surface air temperatures were recorded in large areas of Asia,such as northern China,southern China,and Japan,was investigated based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis.The East Asian warming anomalies were primarily attributed to a tripole mode of North Atlantic SST anomalies,which could have triggered anomalous Rossby wave trains over the North Atlantic and Eurasia through modulating the North Atlantic baroclinic instability.Atlantic-forced Rossby waves tend to propagate eastward and induce anomalously high pressure and anticyclonic activity over East Asia,leading to a northward displacement of the Pacific subtropical high.As a result,descending motion,reduced precipitation,and increased surface solar radiation due to less cloud cover appear over East Asia,accompanied by remarkably warm advection from the ocean to southern China,northern China,and Japan.The transportation of anomalously warm advection and the feedbacks between soil moisture and surface temperature were both favorable for the recordbreaking warmth in East Asia during spring 2018.The seasonal‘memory’of the North Atlantic tripole SST mode from the previous winter to the following spring may provide useful implications for the seasonal prediction of East Asian weather and climate.展开更多
文摘本文利用日本第二次全球大气再分析项目(JRA-55)提供的逐日积雪深度数据、欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)提供的全球再分析数据及Hadley海温数据分析了春季欧亚大陆积雪异常模态及其与北大西洋海温的遥相关关系,并通过模式模拟分析验证。结果表明:春季欧亚大陆雪深前两种模态差异显著,分别表现为东、西区域同向变化及反向变化两种非对称形态。其中,同期北大西洋"三极子型"海温模态与"马鞍型"海温模态分别与雪深第一、第二模态具有显著相关关系,这两种海温模态下对应的北半球中高纬波动作用通量分别呈丝绸之路(SRP)型和欧亚波列(EU)型两种传播特征,对中高纬西风气流的位置、强度产生了不同影响,进而对欧亚雪深分布产生遥相关作用。通过局地多尺度能量涡度分析法(Localized Multiscale Energy and Vorticity Analysis,简称MSE-VA)表明,北大西洋源区有自下向上的动能传输,另外,西风急流出口的平均动能转化增加,使得高层动能累积并向外辐散,从而对下游产生遥相关作用。通过CAM5.1模式模拟研究了北大西洋"三极子型"和"马鞍型"两种海温模态下的波作用通量传播特征,结果较好地验证了来自北大西洋的波动作用通量传播呈"SRP"型和"EU"型两种特征,对应的降雪分布表明两种模态下气候场要素的变化与对应雪深模态的分布特征一致。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China [grant number2016YFA0602703]the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 41661144019,41690123,41690120,and91637208]+1 种基金the CMA Guangzhou Joint Research Center for Atmospheric Sciencesthe Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change
文摘An unusually warm East Asia in spring 2018,when exceptionally high surface air temperatures were recorded in large areas of Asia,such as northern China,southern China,and Japan,was investigated based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis.The East Asian warming anomalies were primarily attributed to a tripole mode of North Atlantic SST anomalies,which could have triggered anomalous Rossby wave trains over the North Atlantic and Eurasia through modulating the North Atlantic baroclinic instability.Atlantic-forced Rossby waves tend to propagate eastward and induce anomalously high pressure and anticyclonic activity over East Asia,leading to a northward displacement of the Pacific subtropical high.As a result,descending motion,reduced precipitation,and increased surface solar radiation due to less cloud cover appear over East Asia,accompanied by remarkably warm advection from the ocean to southern China,northern China,and Japan.The transportation of anomalously warm advection and the feedbacks between soil moisture and surface temperature were both favorable for the recordbreaking warmth in East Asia during spring 2018.The seasonal‘memory’of the North Atlantic tripole SST mode from the previous winter to the following spring may provide useful implications for the seasonal prediction of East Asian weather and climate.
