近年来卫星资料的应用程度大幅度增加,利用FY-2号卫星红外云图,结合常规观测资料、多普勒雷达资料对2014年7月14日德州市一次区域性冰雹天气的天气形势、物理量诊断、雷达回波演变、卫星云图以及相关数据的演变特征进行综合分析。结果表...近年来卫星资料的应用程度大幅度增加,利用FY-2号卫星红外云图,结合常规观测资料、多普勒雷达资料对2014年7月14日德州市一次区域性冰雹天气的天气形势、物理量诊断、雷达回波演变、卫星云图以及相关数据的演变特征进行综合分析。结果表明:在亚欧大陆两槽一脊的大环流背景下,东北大槽后部不断有冷空气分裂南下形成低槽,高层西北气流和低层西南暖湿气流形成上冷下暖的对流不稳定层结为强对流以及冰雹的发生提供了有利条件;午后850 h Pa倒槽风切变发展北上触发了这次强对流天气;通过卫星红外云图、雷达资料分析得出云顶亮温、基本雷达反射率、径向速度数据、VIL值的监测分析对大风、冰雹、强降水等强对流天气的预报、预警有重要作用。展开更多
选取发生在金华的5次区域性冰雹天气过程,应用常规观测资料和多普勒天气雷达资料,从天气形势背景、下垫面、物理条件和雷达回波演变等方面进行了综合分析。结果表明:区域性冰雹天气多发在午后到前半夜,落区多是引导气流前方山地的迎风...选取发生在金华的5次区域性冰雹天气过程,应用常规观测资料和多普勒天气雷达资料,从天气形势背景、下垫面、物理条件和雷达回波演变等方面进行了综合分析。结果表明:区域性冰雹天气多发在午后到前半夜,落区多是引导气流前方山地的迎风坡或是被大山包围、水体附近的迎风坡上;需要具备不稳定的大气层结(IC指数<-5℃)和适宜冰雹成长的温度层结(0℃层高度位于620 h Pa附近,-20℃层高度位于420 h Pa附近);垂直风切变和CAPE值都是区域性冰雹天气条件发生很好的表征;区域性冰雹天气按照风暴类型可以分为多个超级单体风暴和强烈多单体风暴两种,前者在雷达回波上反映更为明显和剧烈。展开更多
The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) has been used to investigate the effects of varied giant cloud condensation nuclei (GCCN) concentrations on precipitation characteristics of the spring hailstorms in a s...The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) has been used to investigate the effects of varied giant cloud condensation nuclei (GCCN) concentrations on precipitation characteristics of the spring hailstorms in a semi-arid region. The simulation result shows that this variation has significant effects on the storm microphysical processes as well as on the surface precipitation. The coverage of hail and hail mixing ratio maxima in cloud increases with greater GCCN concentrations. The accumulation zone structure benefits the growth of hail particles. Higher GCCN concentrations lead to more supercooled rain water and cloud water available for freezing. This simulation also shows that increasing GCCN concentrations may produce more rainfall on the surface but less hail precipitation, and the total accumulated precipitation increases while the ice phase precipitation decreases. This effect is stronger in polluted air than in clean air. The surface flow field changes with different GCCN concentrations. The identification index of spring hailstorm is different from that of summer hailstorm with a different aerosol background.展开更多
文摘近年来卫星资料的应用程度大幅度增加,利用FY-2号卫星红外云图,结合常规观测资料、多普勒雷达资料对2014年7月14日德州市一次区域性冰雹天气的天气形势、物理量诊断、雷达回波演变、卫星云图以及相关数据的演变特征进行综合分析。结果表明:在亚欧大陆两槽一脊的大环流背景下,东北大槽后部不断有冷空气分裂南下形成低槽,高层西北气流和低层西南暖湿气流形成上冷下暖的对流不稳定层结为强对流以及冰雹的发生提供了有利条件;午后850 h Pa倒槽风切变发展北上触发了这次强对流天气;通过卫星红外云图、雷达资料分析得出云顶亮温、基本雷达反射率、径向速度数据、VIL值的监测分析对大风、冰雹、强降水等强对流天气的预报、预警有重要作用。
文摘选取发生在金华的5次区域性冰雹天气过程,应用常规观测资料和多普勒天气雷达资料,从天气形势背景、下垫面、物理条件和雷达回波演变等方面进行了综合分析。结果表明:区域性冰雹天气多发在午后到前半夜,落区多是引导气流前方山地的迎风坡或是被大山包围、水体附近的迎风坡上;需要具备不稳定的大气层结(IC指数<-5℃)和适宜冰雹成长的温度层结(0℃层高度位于620 h Pa附近,-20℃层高度位于420 h Pa附近);垂直风切变和CAPE值都是区域性冰雹天气条件发生很好的表征;区域性冰雹天气按照风暴类型可以分为多个超级单体风暴和强烈多单体风暴两种,前者在雷达回波上反映更为明显和剧烈。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40875080 and 40875002)Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2006BAC12B01-01)
文摘The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) has been used to investigate the effects of varied giant cloud condensation nuclei (GCCN) concentrations on precipitation characteristics of the spring hailstorms in a semi-arid region. The simulation result shows that this variation has significant effects on the storm microphysical processes as well as on the surface precipitation. The coverage of hail and hail mixing ratio maxima in cloud increases with greater GCCN concentrations. The accumulation zone structure benefits the growth of hail particles. Higher GCCN concentrations lead to more supercooled rain water and cloud water available for freezing. This simulation also shows that increasing GCCN concentrations may produce more rainfall on the surface but less hail precipitation, and the total accumulated precipitation increases while the ice phase precipitation decreases. This effect is stronger in polluted air than in clean air. The surface flow field changes with different GCCN concentrations. The identification index of spring hailstorm is different from that of summer hailstorm with a different aerosol background.