Evaluating land use efficiency is critical to the revision of general land use planning. An assessment indicator system for regional land use efficiency was established in this paper from the aspects of society,econom...Evaluating land use efficiency is critical to the revision of general land use planning. An assessment indicator system for regional land use efficiency was established in this paper from the aspects of society,economy,ecology and environment. The weight of each indicator was defined by an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy method (EM). Then,a case study in Zhanjiang was carried out to analyze the regional land use efficiency from 1996 to 2004 and its development by using the method of multifactor composite evaluation and an analytical model of the de-gree of coordination. The results indicate that land use efficiency with respect to society and the economy improved,whereas the ecological and environmental efficiencies were found to decrease. The degree of coordination in Zhanjiang is still at the status of basic coordination. Finally,measures for enhancing the ecological and environmental establish-ment are suggested in order to improve the regulations of land use structure and patterns,establish ecological forests for the public good and green corridors and prevent the soil erosion.展开更多
In order to satisfy the demand of land use, reclamation engineering has been undertaken in coastal cities for a long time. To study the contaminant transport in the reclamation districts, robust and accurate estimatio...In order to satisfy the demand of land use, reclamation engineering has been undertaken in coastal cities for a long time. To study the contaminant transport in the reclamation districts, robust and accurate estimation of dispersion coefficient is essential. In this study, the continuous sodium chloride （NaC1） solution with constant concentration was introduced into the column filled with the dredger fill to get the breakthrough curves （BTCs）. Inverse error function method （IEFM） and CXTFIT program were used for estimating dispersion coefficient. Results showed that the difference between the dispersion coefficients estimated by IEFM and CXTFIT program was slight. The main reason was that the BTC was not strictly linear. IEFM performed poorly in the nonlinear area, while the CXTFIT performed well over the entire BTCs. Moreover, the dispersion coefficient of dredger fill was small. The dispersion property of dredger fill would result in the slow migration of contaminants in the dredger fill.展开更多
Based on the results of multipurpose regional geochemical surveys of the Guizhou Province, geochemical characteristics of soil Se and Se-rich land resources in the central area of Guiyang City were studied and evaluat...Based on the results of multipurpose regional geochemical surveys of the Guizhou Province, geochemical characteristics of soil Se and Se-rich land resources in the central area of Guiyang City were studied and evaluated.Major conclusions are as follows:(1) the Se content in surface soil of the central area of Guiyang City was 0.17–2.89 mg kg^(-1), and the average was 0.78 mg kg^(-1), which were respectively 2.6 and 3.9 times of the national background value of soil and the world background value of soil.The Se content in deep soil was 0.11–1.48 mg kg^(-1), and the average was 0.44 mg kg^(-1), which were respectively 1.5 and2.2 times of the national background value of soil and the world background value of soil. The soil Se content decreased with the increase in the soil depth on the vertical profile, and the surface soil had a higher Se content.(2)Distribution of Se content was mainly affected by parent material, physicochemical properties of soil and other components, soil type, and land use type. Parent material played a key role, as the soil Se content was mainly originated from parent rock and increased with the background value of Se in parent rock, physicochemical properties of soil and other components had certain influences upon the Se content. Se was shown to have a significant linear positive correlation with S and organic carbon but no significant correlation with p H value. Se content varied with different types of soil as follows: skeleton soil > yellow soil > paddy soil > limestone soil > purple soil. Land use type also hadcertain influences upon the soil Se content as follows: dry land > construction land > garden plot > grassland =garden plot > forest land.(3) Taking 0.4 mg kg^(-1)B x(Se) <3.0 mg kg^(-1) as the standard for Se-rich soil, Se-rich soil of the study area covered an area of 2224 km^2 and 92.5% of the total area; the remaining is general soil. The study area had no Se-excess soil. Therefore, the central area of Guiyang City has a high proportion of Se-rich land, a large area of Serich land resources, and a moderate selenium enrichment strength, which have been rarely seen anywhere and provide advantageous resources for the development of Se-rich featured agriculture.展开更多
The current guidelines of the European Union Common Agricultural Policy face the agricultural sector in the position of the backbone for the economic development of rural areas and regions with difficult economic diff...The current guidelines of the European Union Common Agricultural Policy face the agricultural sector in the position of the backbone for the economic development of rural areas and regions with difficult economic differentiation. The EU Common Agricultural Policy defines agriculture as ＂multifunctional＂ and among the different roles and functions expected, there is also the ＂social function＂, defined as the ability that the farm has to generate services with respect to a population with risk of social exclusion. This paper investigated all the agricultural initiatives with social impacts that were carried in the lands confiscated from the organized crime （called mafia）, mainly in the South of Italy and especially in Sicily. Through an Italian law, these lands could be used with social purposes by a particular kind of associations which might exercise an agricultural activity with the aim to produce food products, sell them in the market and offer employment opportunities in the agricultural sector. In particular, in Sicily, the activity of the ＂Social Cooperative Placido Rizzotto-Libera Terra＂ and its winery ＂Cantina Centopassi＂ which received honors and awards tbr its production of wine obtained from the earliest harvests and for its social work in that territory were well known. This work, which was part of a much broader study on ＂wine and legality＂, aimed to know the opinion of Sicilian wine consumers and their knowledge about this topic with particular reference to the Cantina Centopassi.展开更多
Peninsular Malaysia is located and lies in a low seismic region. Although Malaysia is not located in the active fault seismic area, it is closed to the Sumatran active seismic zones. Tall building are fIequently felt ...Peninsular Malaysia is located and lies in a low seismic region. Although Malaysia is not located in the active fault seismic area, it is closed to the Sumatran active seismic zones. Tall building are fIequently felt the tremor generated fTom Sumatran subduction and fault zones especially in the west cost of Peninsular Malaysia such as Johor Bahru, Kuala Lumpur and Penang. Existing design response spectra was developed based on attenuation relationship for each subduction and fault zone. In this study, the design response spectra were developed based on various attenuation relationships for selected location in Kuala Lumpur area, namely, Mutiara Damansara, Bandar Petaling Jaya and Bandar Puteri Puchong. The development of design response spectra based on various attenuation relationships is more reliable in selecting the appropriate attenuation relationship for the study area. Seven attenuations have been chosen and results show that Megawati et al. are the most appropriate attenuation relation for fault zone, where the predicted PGA （peak ground acceleration） is 0.0187 g which is the proposed PGA value for this study area. This study also found that most of soil in the study area can be categorized into SD （stiff soil） according to site classification in the NEHRP 2000 Provision/UBC 97. Bandar petaling Jaya was found to be highest AF （amplification factor） of 3.74 for stiff soil and Mutiara Damansara with AF of 2.67 for very dense soil or soft rock. The proposed design response spectra for each location were developed based on UBC 1997 （Uniform Building Code 1997）. The peak RSA （response spectrum acceleration） of 0.30 g for soil type SD for Bandar Petaling Jaya is the maximum level of acceleration on the soil surface with a period range of 0.10 to 0.52 seconds. All these values can be used for the seismic safety evaluation of existing structures and as a guideline in designing new structures to resist future earthquake, within the study area.展开更多
Key Biodiversity Areas(KBAs)are ecological conservation priorities proposed by IUCN and widely recognized by most countries.Evaluating the changes in the ecological characteristics in KBAs is important for biodiversit...Key Biodiversity Areas(KBAs)are ecological conservation priorities proposed by IUCN and widely recognized by most countries.Evaluating the changes in the ecological characteristics in KBAs is important for biodiversity conservation and the construction of Protected Areas(PAs).There are various ecosystem types in the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)region,which has an extremely high value of biodiversity conservation,and the KBAs should be the prime targets of ecological protection efforts.Using the data of land cover,NDVI and Nighttime Light(NTL),we analyzed the ecological conditions of the KBAs in the BRI region,and their temporal and spatial variations,from the perspectives of vegetation coverage and human activities.The conclusions are:(1)There is generally no significant difference in the land cover of the KBAs,among which forest,wilderness and grassland are the main types;(2)The NDVI of the KBAs showed an increase,indicating that the vegetation was gradually improving,while a few KBAs presenting vegetation degradation were mainly distributed in the Indochina Peninsula,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Central and Western Asia;and(3)The NTL in the KBAs was very low,indicating that the human pressure on the natural ecosystems was limited,and only a few KBAs distributed in Central and Eastern Europe,India,and the Indochina Peninsula have high human activity intensity which also showed an increase.This study emphasizes that we should make full use of the biome succession law,and limit the interference of human activities on natural ecosystems for ecological protection of the KBAs,so as to continuously make new breakthroughs in the construction of Protected Areas(PA)in the BRI region.展开更多
基金Projects 20055090032 supported by the Committees of Scientific and Technological Planning Project of Guangdong Province0512127 by the NaturalScience Foundation of Guangdong Ocean University
文摘Evaluating land use efficiency is critical to the revision of general land use planning. An assessment indicator system for regional land use efficiency was established in this paper from the aspects of society,economy,ecology and environment. The weight of each indicator was defined by an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy method (EM). Then,a case study in Zhanjiang was carried out to analyze the regional land use efficiency from 1996 to 2004 and its development by using the method of multifactor composite evaluation and an analytical model of the de-gree of coordination. The results indicate that land use efficiency with respect to society and the economy improved,whereas the ecological and environmental efficiencies were found to decrease. The degree of coordination in Zhanjiang is still at the status of basic coordination. Finally,measures for enhancing the ecological and environmental establish-ment are suggested in order to improve the regulations of land use structure and patterns,establish ecological forests for the public good and green corridors and prevent the soil erosion.
基金Supported by the Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology(No.10JCZDJC24700)
文摘In order to satisfy the demand of land use, reclamation engineering has been undertaken in coastal cities for a long time. To study the contaminant transport in the reclamation districts, robust and accurate estimation of dispersion coefficient is essential. In this study, the continuous sodium chloride （NaC1） solution with constant concentration was introduced into the column filled with the dredger fill to get the breakthrough curves （BTCs）. Inverse error function method （IEFM） and CXTFIT program were used for estimating dispersion coefficient. Results showed that the difference between the dispersion coefficients estimated by IEFM and CXTFIT program was slight. The main reason was that the BTC was not strictly linear. IEFM performed poorly in the nonlinear area, while the CXTFIT performed well over the entire BTCs. Moreover, the dispersion coefficient of dredger fill was small. The dispersion property of dredger fill would result in the slow migration of contaminants in the dredger fill.
基金supported by outstanding science and technology education personnel special funds of Guizhou Province (Specific words in Guizhou Province (2012)No.27)National multipurpose regional geochemical survey Project (GZTR20070110)
文摘Based on the results of multipurpose regional geochemical surveys of the Guizhou Province, geochemical characteristics of soil Se and Se-rich land resources in the central area of Guiyang City were studied and evaluated.Major conclusions are as follows:(1) the Se content in surface soil of the central area of Guiyang City was 0.17–2.89 mg kg^(-1), and the average was 0.78 mg kg^(-1), which were respectively 2.6 and 3.9 times of the national background value of soil and the world background value of soil.The Se content in deep soil was 0.11–1.48 mg kg^(-1), and the average was 0.44 mg kg^(-1), which were respectively 1.5 and2.2 times of the national background value of soil and the world background value of soil. The soil Se content decreased with the increase in the soil depth on the vertical profile, and the surface soil had a higher Se content.(2)Distribution of Se content was mainly affected by parent material, physicochemical properties of soil and other components, soil type, and land use type. Parent material played a key role, as the soil Se content was mainly originated from parent rock and increased with the background value of Se in parent rock, physicochemical properties of soil and other components had certain influences upon the Se content. Se was shown to have a significant linear positive correlation with S and organic carbon but no significant correlation with p H value. Se content varied with different types of soil as follows: skeleton soil > yellow soil > paddy soil > limestone soil > purple soil. Land use type also hadcertain influences upon the soil Se content as follows: dry land > construction land > garden plot > grassland =garden plot > forest land.(3) Taking 0.4 mg kg^(-1)B x(Se) <3.0 mg kg^(-1) as the standard for Se-rich soil, Se-rich soil of the study area covered an area of 2224 km^2 and 92.5% of the total area; the remaining is general soil. The study area had no Se-excess soil. Therefore, the central area of Guiyang City has a high proportion of Se-rich land, a large area of Serich land resources, and a moderate selenium enrichment strength, which have been rarely seen anywhere and provide advantageous resources for the development of Se-rich featured agriculture.
文摘The current guidelines of the European Union Common Agricultural Policy face the agricultural sector in the position of the backbone for the economic development of rural areas and regions with difficult economic differentiation. The EU Common Agricultural Policy defines agriculture as ＂multifunctional＂ and among the different roles and functions expected, there is also the ＂social function＂, defined as the ability that the farm has to generate services with respect to a population with risk of social exclusion. This paper investigated all the agricultural initiatives with social impacts that were carried in the lands confiscated from the organized crime （called mafia）, mainly in the South of Italy and especially in Sicily. Through an Italian law, these lands could be used with social purposes by a particular kind of associations which might exercise an agricultural activity with the aim to produce food products, sell them in the market and offer employment opportunities in the agricultural sector. In particular, in Sicily, the activity of the ＂Social Cooperative Placido Rizzotto-Libera Terra＂ and its winery ＂Cantina Centopassi＂ which received honors and awards tbr its production of wine obtained from the earliest harvests and for its social work in that territory were well known. This work, which was part of a much broader study on ＂wine and legality＂, aimed to know the opinion of Sicilian wine consumers and their knowledge about this topic with particular reference to the Cantina Centopassi.
文摘Peninsular Malaysia is located and lies in a low seismic region. Although Malaysia is not located in the active fault seismic area, it is closed to the Sumatran active seismic zones. Tall building are fIequently felt the tremor generated fTom Sumatran subduction and fault zones especially in the west cost of Peninsular Malaysia such as Johor Bahru, Kuala Lumpur and Penang. Existing design response spectra was developed based on attenuation relationship for each subduction and fault zone. In this study, the design response spectra were developed based on various attenuation relationships for selected location in Kuala Lumpur area, namely, Mutiara Damansara, Bandar Petaling Jaya and Bandar Puteri Puchong. The development of design response spectra based on various attenuation relationships is more reliable in selecting the appropriate attenuation relationship for the study area. Seven attenuations have been chosen and results show that Megawati et al. are the most appropriate attenuation relation for fault zone, where the predicted PGA （peak ground acceleration） is 0.0187 g which is the proposed PGA value for this study area. This study also found that most of soil in the study area can be categorized into SD （stiff soil） according to site classification in the NEHRP 2000 Provision/UBC 97. Bandar petaling Jaya was found to be highest AF （amplification factor） of 3.74 for stiff soil and Mutiara Damansara with AF of 2.67 for very dense soil or soft rock. The proposed design response spectra for each location were developed based on UBC 1997 （Uniform Building Code 1997）. The peak RSA （response spectrum acceleration） of 0.30 g for soil type SD for Bandar Petaling Jaya is the maximum level of acceleration on the soil surface with a period range of 0.10 to 0.52 seconds. All these values can be used for the seismic safety evaluation of existing structures and as a guideline in designing new structures to resist future earthquake, within the study area.
基金The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20010202)The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0503505)。
文摘Key Biodiversity Areas(KBAs)are ecological conservation priorities proposed by IUCN and widely recognized by most countries.Evaluating the changes in the ecological characteristics in KBAs is important for biodiversity conservation and the construction of Protected Areas(PAs).There are various ecosystem types in the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)region,which has an extremely high value of biodiversity conservation,and the KBAs should be the prime targets of ecological protection efforts.Using the data of land cover,NDVI and Nighttime Light(NTL),we analyzed the ecological conditions of the KBAs in the BRI region,and their temporal and spatial variations,from the perspectives of vegetation coverage and human activities.The conclusions are:(1)There is generally no significant difference in the land cover of the KBAs,among which forest,wilderness and grassland are the main types;(2)The NDVI of the KBAs showed an increase,indicating that the vegetation was gradually improving,while a few KBAs presenting vegetation degradation were mainly distributed in the Indochina Peninsula,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Central and Western Asia;and(3)The NTL in the KBAs was very low,indicating that the human pressure on the natural ecosystems was limited,and only a few KBAs distributed in Central and Eastern Europe,India,and the Indochina Peninsula have high human activity intensity which also showed an increase.This study emphasizes that we should make full use of the biome succession law,and limit the interference of human activities on natural ecosystems for ecological protection of the KBAs,so as to continuously make new breakthroughs in the construction of Protected Areas(PA)in the BRI region.
