由于现在越来越多的商业楼宇配备了储能和微型燃气轮机等分布式可控资源,能够根据需求转移负荷、减少负荷甚至发电上网,具备了小范围区域电能交易的可能。针对小范围区域电能交易问题,该文搭建了考虑集成商和商业楼宇的电能交易模型进...由于现在越来越多的商业楼宇配备了储能和微型燃气轮机等分布式可控资源,能够根据需求转移负荷、减少负荷甚至发电上网,具备了小范围区域电能交易的可能。针对小范围区域电能交易问题,该文搭建了考虑集成商和商业楼宇的电能交易模型进行研究。其中,集成商根据楼宇用电策略改变分时电价提高收益,商业楼宇根据电价改变用电策略降低成本;同时,针对集成商与商业楼宇之间存在隐私问题,该文提出了一种基于改进精简烟花算法(improved bare bones fireworks algorithm,IBBFWA)的交替求解方法,实现模型的求解。通过算例结果验证模型对降低商业楼宇运行成本的有效性和算法的高效性。展开更多
Due to randomness of wind generator＇s availability, power system planners have big concern on EEG （expected energy generation） and system reliability of power system with wind generators. This paper presents a meth...Due to randomness of wind generator＇s availability, power system planners have big concern on EEG （expected energy generation） and system reliability of power system with wind generators. This paper presents a methodology to evaluate the EEG as well as overall LOLP （loss of load probability）, which is an index for system reliability of multi-area interconnected systems with wind generators, as well as conventional fossil fuel based generating units. The proposed model is also capable of tracking the energy export incorporating the multi-state probability model for wind generator which output varies with time and season.展开更多
The film cooling performance of chevron holes with different inclination angles and exit lateral diffusion angles has been studied experimentally and numerically. The inclination angles include 35° and 55°. ...The film cooling performance of chevron holes with different inclination angles and exit lateral diffusion angles has been studied experimentally and numerically. The inclination angles include 35° and 55°. The exit lateral diffusion angles include 20° and 25°. The film cooling effectiveness, heat transfer coefficient and discharge coefficient were measured on a flat plate model by transient liquid crystal measurement technique under four blowing ratios. The results show that the large inclination angle reduces the film cooling effectiveness. The influence of diffusion angle has two aspects: the large diffusion angle leads to mainstream ingestion and decreases film cooling effectiveness at M=1.0 and 1.5; however, the large diffusion angle increases the film cooling effectiveness at high blowing ratio of 2.0, because the larger hole exit area decreases the normal momentum component of the film jet. The large inclination angle decreases the heat transfer coefficient in the right downstream region at M=0.5 and 1.0. The large diffusion angle enhances the heat transfer in the right downstream of the holes in M=0.5～1.5 conditions. The chevron hole with large inclination angle generally has the highest discharge coefficient.展开更多
文摘由于现在越来越多的商业楼宇配备了储能和微型燃气轮机等分布式可控资源,能够根据需求转移负荷、减少负荷甚至发电上网,具备了小范围区域电能交易的可能。针对小范围区域电能交易问题,该文搭建了考虑集成商和商业楼宇的电能交易模型进行研究。其中,集成商根据楼宇用电策略改变分时电价提高收益,商业楼宇根据电价改变用电策略降低成本;同时,针对集成商与商业楼宇之间存在隐私问题,该文提出了一种基于改进精简烟花算法(improved bare bones fireworks algorithm,IBBFWA)的交替求解方法,实现模型的求解。通过算例结果验证模型对降低商业楼宇运行成本的有效性和算法的高效性。
文摘Due to randomness of wind generator＇s availability, power system planners have big concern on EEG （expected energy generation） and system reliability of power system with wind generators. This paper presents a methodology to evaluate the EEG as well as overall LOLP （loss of load probability）, which is an index for system reliability of multi-area interconnected systems with wind generators, as well as conventional fossil fuel based generating units. The proposed model is also capable of tracking the energy export incorporating the multi-state probability model for wind generator which output varies with time and season.
基金Financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China "973" (Grant No. 2013CB035702)
文摘The film cooling performance of chevron holes with different inclination angles and exit lateral diffusion angles has been studied experimentally and numerically. The inclination angles include 35° and 55°. The exit lateral diffusion angles include 20° and 25°. The film cooling effectiveness, heat transfer coefficient and discharge coefficient were measured on a flat plate model by transient liquid crystal measurement technique under four blowing ratios. The results show that the large inclination angle reduces the film cooling effectiveness. The influence of diffusion angle has two aspects: the large diffusion angle leads to mainstream ingestion and decreases film cooling effectiveness at M=1.0 and 1.5; however, the large diffusion angle increases the film cooling effectiveness at high blowing ratio of 2.0, because the larger hole exit area decreases the normal momentum component of the film jet. The large inclination angle decreases the heat transfer coefficient in the right downstream region at M=0.5 and 1.0. The large diffusion angle enhances the heat transfer in the right downstream of the holes in M=0.5～1.5 conditions. The chevron hole with large inclination angle generally has the highest discharge coefficient.
