This article examines the spatial characteristics of public service supply and the factors influencing such supply in cities of Sichuan Province, China using spatial-autocorrelation and spatial econometric models with...This article examines the spatial characteristics of public service supply and the factors influencing such supply in cities of Sichuan Province, China using spatial-autocorrelation and spatial econometric models with statistical data in 2012. The results demonstrate that expenditures on different types of public services present different spatial autocorrelation patterns. Although the spatial differences in basic public service expenditures are relatively small, a clear fan-shaped spillover to the east can be seen in Chengdu City. Chengdu also shows high clustering of advanced public service expenditures, being a typical core-periphery pattern. Post-earthquake reconstruction expenditures are clustered in the "5.12 Wenchuan earthquake" region and spill over toward cities to the east. The efficiency of public services in the mountainous areas in western Sichuan is low and exhibits a pattern of low-low spatial autocorrelation. The efficiency of public service supply is affected by economic, social, political and geographical factors. Based on the results of this analysis, we recommend a supply strategy that incorporates different types of public services and a specialized public service supply strategy for mountainous areas. Overall public service efficiency should be enhanced by focusing on narrowing the gap in farmers' income among regions and accelerating urbanization. Decision-makers should consider moresupportive policies with regard to providing basic public services in mountainous areas to ensure an equalized supply of basic public services. To enhance the efficiency of advanced public service supply, additional growth pole should be encouraged and incentivized; however, investments are required to drive the development of the peripheral regions through regional economic integration. Both software and hardware types of infrastructure are required to supply services efficiently during post-disaster reconstruction.展开更多
Thailand has currently enhanced and promoted intensive trade and investment liberalization and implemented long-term growth policy according with current regional economic integration, WTO obligations and globalizatio...Thailand has currently enhanced and promoted intensive trade and investment liberalization and implemented long-term growth policy according with current regional economic integration, WTO obligations and globalization. Nevertheless, several recent internal and external factors e.g. the massive SARS and avian flu outbreaks, the Indian Ocean tsunami devastation, the Asia financial crisis and domestic policy reforms （ICSEAD, 2006） have also impeded this policy. While the issues are important for Thailand and developing countries in Asia, only limited research has been undertaken to investigate them. The paper conducts a substantive quantitative study to contribute to these trade and development policy issues. A new econometric modelling policy method, namely the generalized gravity theory （Tran Van Hoa, 2004） is used to develop a simple flexible simultaneous-equation econometric model of Thailand＇s openness model with its seven major trade partners （ASEAN-4, Australia, the USA, the EU, China, Japan and India）. Using data from the ICSEAD, the World Development Indicators and the Bank of Thailand databases, the paper reveals efficient and reliable empirical findings on trade-growth causality, trade determination including the impact of shocks and policy reform on trade and growth between Thailand and its major trade partners over the past two decades. The paper also provides evidence on the linkages between trade in goods, FDI and services and regional economic integration for more credible policy implications.展开更多
According to the essential features of urban economic strips, this paper is intended to point out that Chengdu-Chongqing strip has so far been an urban area in geographic or spatial sense, but not an urban economic st...According to the essential features of urban economic strips, this paper is intended to point out that Chengdu-Chongqing strip has so far been an urban area in geographic or spatial sense, but not an urban economic strip in economic sense.On further basis of analyzing several problems existing inthe development of Chengdu-Chongqing economic strip,some countermeasures are correspondingly put forward hereafter.展开更多
Chengdu and Chongqing are two megalopolises with the synthesized economic strength and the trongest urban competitiveness in the entire western region, which have very important positions in the devel- opment of weste...Chengdu and Chongqing are two megalopolises with the synthesized economic strength and the trongest urban competitiveness in the entire western region, which have very important positions in the devel- opment of western China. Through horizontal contrast of social economic developing levelof the two cities, the wo cities’ economic foundation of unitary development is analyzed from complementary and integrative elationship.Then the policies and measures of economic unitary development of two cities is put forward.展开更多
Asia has a special significance in China’s neighborhood strategy.Geographically,the Belt and Road Initiative faces the countries of Asia or China’s neighbors in the first place.Asia is clearly marked by an imbalance...Asia has a special significance in China’s neighborhood strategy.Geographically,the Belt and Road Initiative faces the countries of Asia or China’s neighbors in the first place.Asia is clearly marked by an imbalance in and“absence”of regional economic integration.This“absence”is two-fold:it is expressed on the one hand as a lack of unified institutional arrangements for regional economic integration,and on the other as the inability of underdeveloped countries in the region to truly participate in regional economic integration and thereby gain opportunities for development.Compared with the rule-oriented nature of existing regional economic integration mechanisms,the Belt and Road Initiative,as a new type of regional cooperation mechanism,displays an orientation towards development.All existing regional economic integration arrangements,regardless of their form,establish specific rules on access thresholds,the rights and duties of member countries,schedules and roadmaps,dispute resolution mechanisms and so forth.This is not the case for the Belt and Road,which is not predicated on specific rules,but establishes its overall framework by orienting itself towards development.Overall,the development orientation of the Belt and Road is helpful not only in overcoming the inherent defects of Asian regional economic integration,but in responding to the new challenge of anti-globalization.This is an institutional public good that China offers to Asia and to the world.展开更多
基金sponsored by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Research on the Residential Liveability and Reconstruction of Typical Mountainous Settlements in Southwest China(No.KZCX2-EW317)The Western Light Talent Training Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Public services Efficiency of Central Towns in Western Mountainous Areas of Sichuan(NO.Y2R2230230)+1 种基金the Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Project of Ministry of Education in China,Evolution and Optimisation of Spatial Structure of Urbanisation in Mountainous Areas(No.14YJCZH130)"135"Directional Program of Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Study on the Development Type and Space Optimisation of Settlement and Urbanisation in Upper Reaches of Minjiang River Basin(No.SDS-135-1204-04 110ZK20013)
文摘This article examines the spatial characteristics of public service supply and the factors influencing such supply in cities of Sichuan Province, China using spatial-autocorrelation and spatial econometric models with statistical data in 2012. The results demonstrate that expenditures on different types of public services present different spatial autocorrelation patterns. Although the spatial differences in basic public service expenditures are relatively small, a clear fan-shaped spillover to the east can be seen in Chengdu City. Chengdu also shows high clustering of advanced public service expenditures, being a typical core-periphery pattern. Post-earthquake reconstruction expenditures are clustered in the "5.12 Wenchuan earthquake" region and spill over toward cities to the east. The efficiency of public services in the mountainous areas in western Sichuan is low and exhibits a pattern of low-low spatial autocorrelation. The efficiency of public service supply is affected by economic, social, political and geographical factors. Based on the results of this analysis, we recommend a supply strategy that incorporates different types of public services and a specialized public service supply strategy for mountainous areas. Overall public service efficiency should be enhanced by focusing on narrowing the gap in farmers' income among regions and accelerating urbanization. Decision-makers should consider moresupportive policies with regard to providing basic public services in mountainous areas to ensure an equalized supply of basic public services. To enhance the efficiency of advanced public service supply, additional growth pole should be encouraged and incentivized; however, investments are required to drive the development of the peripheral regions through regional economic integration. Both software and hardware types of infrastructure are required to supply services efficiently during post-disaster reconstruction.
文摘Thailand has currently enhanced and promoted intensive trade and investment liberalization and implemented long-term growth policy according with current regional economic integration, WTO obligations and globalization. Nevertheless, several recent internal and external factors e.g. the massive SARS and avian flu outbreaks, the Indian Ocean tsunami devastation, the Asia financial crisis and domestic policy reforms （ICSEAD, 2006） have also impeded this policy. While the issues are important for Thailand and developing countries in Asia, only limited research has been undertaken to investigate them. The paper conducts a substantive quantitative study to contribute to these trade and development policy issues. A new econometric modelling policy method, namely the generalized gravity theory （Tran Van Hoa, 2004） is used to develop a simple flexible simultaneous-equation econometric model of Thailand＇s openness model with its seven major trade partners （ASEAN-4, Australia, the USA, the EU, China, Japan and India）. Using data from the ICSEAD, the World Development Indicators and the Bank of Thailand databases, the paper reveals efficient and reliable empirical findings on trade-growth causality, trade determination including the impact of shocks and policy reform on trade and growth between Thailand and its major trade partners over the past two decades. The paper also provides evidence on the linkages between trade in goods, FDI and services and regional economic integration for more credible policy implications.
文摘According to the essential features of urban economic strips, this paper is intended to point out that Chengdu-Chongqing strip has so far been an urban area in geographic or spatial sense, but not an urban economic strip in economic sense.On further basis of analyzing several problems existing inthe development of Chengdu-Chongqing economic strip,some countermeasures are correspondingly put forward hereafter.
文摘Chengdu and Chongqing are two megalopolises with the synthesized economic strength and the trongest urban competitiveness in the entire western region, which have very important positions in the devel- opment of western China. Through horizontal contrast of social economic developing levelof the two cities, the wo cities’ economic foundation of unitary development is analyzed from complementary and integrative elationship.Then the policies and measures of economic unitary development of two cities is put forward.
文摘Asia has a special significance in China’s neighborhood strategy.Geographically,the Belt and Road Initiative faces the countries of Asia or China’s neighbors in the first place.Asia is clearly marked by an imbalance in and“absence”of regional economic integration.This“absence”is two-fold:it is expressed on the one hand as a lack of unified institutional arrangements for regional economic integration,and on the other as the inability of underdeveloped countries in the region to truly participate in regional economic integration and thereby gain opportunities for development.Compared with the rule-oriented nature of existing regional economic integration mechanisms,the Belt and Road Initiative,as a new type of regional cooperation mechanism,displays an orientation towards development.All existing regional economic integration arrangements,regardless of their form,establish specific rules on access thresholds,the rights and duties of member countries,schedules and roadmaps,dispute resolution mechanisms and so forth.This is not the case for the Belt and Road,which is not predicated on specific rules,but establishes its overall framework by orienting itself towards development.Overall,the development orientation of the Belt and Road is helpful not only in overcoming the inherent defects of Asian regional economic integration,but in responding to the new challenge of anti-globalization.This is an institutional public good that China offers to Asia and to the world.
