BIM在环球度假区站设计中的应用

以环球度假区站设计项目为案例进行正向设计实践,在BIM应用目标、组织形式等方面进行尝试及探索;同时,在项目设计各阶段进行可视化设计、深化设计、参数化设计、性能模拟等BIM设计应用。在设计应用中对专业参与度、设计协同方式、模型质量管控方式、模型出图等问题进行探讨;对可视化应用、模拟应用等方面遇到的问题进行总结分析,并提出可视化模型轻量化处理及模型模拟前预处理的方法。

轨道交通中高大空间火灾探测器选型的研究与探讨——以环球度假区站为例

目前,中国的城市轨道交通发展迅速,各种高大、异型地铁车站建筑随之出现。对于轨道交通中高大空间火灾探测器的设置,需根据高大空间的实际建筑特点,对比分析各类火灾探测器的性能及适用环境,并结合相关的现行规范,进行全面、科学的设计。本文以环球度假区站站厅层公共区为例,介绍其建筑特点并分析火灾探测器的实际选型。

壮大区站实力 增强服务功能

区农机站是在机基层单位,是联结县、乡两级的桥梁,具有承上启下的作用。特别是对仁寿这样有100多万人口的农业大县来说,抓好医站建设尤为重要。仁寿县农机局十分重视加强区站建设,壮大区站实力,发挥好医站作用,现已取得显著成效。全县13个区农机站现有职工448人,其中专业人员200人,占地面积46379平方米,建筑面积31858平方米。去年实现经营收入(产值)

设计石油企业区站文化

区站作为油气田生产经营的基本单元,是经营管理的直接工作层,也是经济效益的直接创造者。

区站文化建设应“四力”合一

中国石油辽河油田公司所属的茨榆坨采油厂，按照油田公司的要求，以“绿色管理”为载体形成的的区站文化，体现在文化创新上，具体表现为“四力”，效果十分显著。

辽河区站文化建设别样红

企业文化是企业精神的载体,企业精神是企业文化的灵魂。在长期的历史发展过程中,中国国有企业,特别是中国三大石油公司积累了深厚的文化底蕴,培育出了享誉国内外企业界的“铁人精神”等一批先进的企业精神。这些精神,激发着广大石油职工振兴企业、报效祖国的激情。特别是近年来,国有企业在应对经济全球化和激烈的市场竞争中,在培育企业精神、提炼经营理念、推动制度创新、塑造企业形象、提高员工素质等方面做了积极的探索,取得了新的成效。最近,国资委、中国石油企业管理协会分别在大庆油田、辽河油田召开了新时期企业文化建设研讨会,就新时期的企业文化建设方面的新情况、新思维、新经验、新问题,展开了广泛研讨,并取得了一批丰硕的研讨成果。本刊特从中选发部分企业在文化建设方面的典型经验及理念,希望对企业各级领导干部及广大管理工作者有所启迪!

前言

经过8个多月的准备,2010年全国工程勘察学术大会即将召开了。本次会议得到了全国建筑工程勘察科技情报网各大区站。

江西省县级卫生防疫站的阶段状况调查及对策研究(二)[阶段状况Ⅱ]

2.3.2 经费使用分析 为分析县区防疫站经费支出状况,本调查取得了分项支出数据,详见表11。为比较县站与区站的情况。可以见图2。

简讯

全国林业调查规划科技情报网大区站主任工作会议暨华东大区站年会于1996年10月29日～31日在安徽省青阳县召开。有关方面的领导、中心站、各大区站负责人等计39人出席会议。

Properties of summer radiation and aerosols at Xinzhou,a suburban site on the North China Plain

The properties of summer radiation and aerosols were studied at Xinzhou,a suburban site on the North China Plain(NCP)by using ground-based measurements in 2014.The radiation detections under clear and cloudy skies showed that longwave radiation presented a sigmate pattern,with a maximum of 392.6 W m-2at 1700 local standard time(LST)associated with the cloud radiative forcing,and a minimum of 360.0 W m-2at 0600 LST when the lowest surface temperature(17.1°C)occurred.Solar radiation,including global,direct,diffuse,photosynthetically active,ultraviolet-A,and ultraviolet-B,exhibited a single peak at^1300 LST.A bimodal size distribution,with fine mode aerosols showing a peak between 0.1 and 0.2μm and coarse mode aerosols showing a peak at^5μm,was observed at Xinzhou.The dominant aerosol type was black carbon coating on coarse particles(85.7%)for the cases with aerosol optical depth at 400 nm(AOD)greater than 0.4,leading to a lower single scattering albedo(0.81)than the typical value(~0.90)at the other stations on the NCP.The mean values of EAE and AAE(extinction and absorption?ngstr?m exponent,respectively)were 1.14±0.15 and 0.58±0.28 for the aerosol measurements.The average of instantaneous aerosol direct radiative forcing at the bottom of the atmosphere was-138.9±33.0 W m-2for the cases with AOD>0.4.The results in this study are expected to improve understanding at suburban sites on the NCP of aerosol properties and their impacts on regional radiation budgets.

The Utilization of Real-Time High Resolution Monitoring Techniques in Karst Carbon Sequestration:A Case Study of the Station in Banzhai Subterranean Stream Catchment

The karst process acts as carbon sequestration for atmospheric CO_2.The amount of karst carbon sequestration (KCS) depends on the discharge of karst catchment and inorganic carbon concentration of the water body.Based on the data from the monitoring station on Banzhai subterranean stream located in Maolan National Nature Reserve of Guizhou province,the process and influence factors of KCS have been analyzed.It shows that the amount of KCS is about 353 t C per year in the catchment of Banzhai subterranean stream,and there is good linear relationship between the strength of KCS and discharge of the stream at various time scales.Therefore,how to monitor the discharge accurately is the key to the estimation of KCS.And stations with real-time monitoring function are very important for KCS calculation because of strong seasonal variability of the karst water cycle.

Trends of Extreme Flood Events in the Pearl River Basin during 1951-2010

The study investigated the trend of extreme flood events in the Pearl River basin during 1951-2010. Stream flow data at 23 gauging stations were used for the study. The Pearson type III distribution was selected for the flood frequency analysis. Results indicate that extreme flood events increase significantly in the Pearl River Basin since 1980. At the 23 gauging stations, there are 16 (70%) stations show positive (increasing) trends in 1981-2010. Most of the 16 stations are located along the West River and North River. While 7 (30%) stations show negative (decreasing) trends, and are found in the East River and the southeast region of the West River Basin.

A Study on Snowstorm Weather in Coastal Area of Western Antarctic

In this paper, based on the observational data of 1995 in the Chinese Antarctic Great Wall Station the snowstorm is studied synoptically. It is found that there are two kinds of snowstorms with different physical characteristics and that the happening of snowstorm is always accompanied by a near-ground level inversion layer. The function of the inversion layer is analyzed, too. It is indicated that the strong ESE-wind type snowstorm is mainly caused by katabatic wind and gradient wind together. This idea is new and different from the general concept that there is no katabatic wind in the western Antarctic area.

Adjusting precipitation measurements from the TRwS204 automatic weighing gauge in the Qilian Mountains, China

With the popularity of the automatic precipitation gauges in national weather stations,testing their performance and adjusting their measurements are top priorities. Additionally,because different climatic conditions may have different effects on the performance of the precipitation gauges, it is also necessary to test the gauges in different areas. This study mainly analyzed precipitation measurements from the single-Altershielded TRwS204 automatic weighing gauge(TRwS_(SA)) relative to the adjusted manual measurements(reference precipitation) from the Chinese standard precipitation gauge in a doublefence wind shield(CSPG_(DF)) in the Hulu watershed in the Qilian Mountains, China. The measurements were compared over the period from August 2014 to July2017, and the transfer function derived from the work by Kochendorfer et al.(2017 a) for correcting windinduced losses was applied to the TRwS_(SA) measurements. The results show that the average loss of TRwS_(SA) measurements relative to the reference precipitation decreased from 0.55 mm(10.7%) to 0.51 mm(9.9%) for rainfall events, from 0.35 mm(8.5%)to 0.22 mm(5.3%) for sleet events, and from 0.49 mm(18.9%) to 0.33 mm(12.7%) for snowfall events after adjustment. The uncorrected large biases of TRwS_(SA) measurements are considered to be mainly caused by specific errors of TRwS_(SA), different gauge orifice area and random errors. These types of errors must be considered when comparing precipitation measurements for different gauge types, especially in the mountains.

The Contribution of Extreme Precipitation to the Total Precipitation in China

Using daily precipitation data from weather stations in China, the variations in the contribution of extreme precipitation to the total precipitation are analyzed. It is found that extreme precipitation accounts for approximately one third of the total precipitation based on the overall mean for China. Over the past half century, extreme precipitation has played a dominant role in the year-to-year variability of the total precipitation. On the decadal time scale, the extreme precipitation makes different contributions to the wetting and drying regions of China. The wetting trends of particular regions are mainly attributed to increases in extreme precipitation; in contrast, the drying trends of other regions are mainly due to decreases in non-extreme precipitation.

Comparative Study on Telecommunications Base Stations＇ Power Supply Systems on Remote Sites in the Northern Part of Cameroon

The TBS （telecommunications base stations） on remote sites in the northern part of Cameroon are mainly supplied by a system of two generating units. Only a few TBS located in the Waza and Benue National Parks are powered by a PV （photovoltaic） solar system to avoid any disturbance to wildlife. It is against this background that we decided to do a comparative study on these two systems. This study focuses on the reliability of electrical quantities, the environmental impact and the installation and operating costs of these two major systems namely the GU （generating unit） system comprising two generating units and the PV system. In conducting this study, we took a sample of TBS including those located in the Badjouma and Waza localities. After collecting data from mobile telephony operators, measurements of electrical quantities on the sites for twelve consecutive months and updating costs, their operation reveal indicators that are surprising, to say the least. Concerning the reliability index, the PV system is estimated at 99.9% as against 97.8% for the GU system. As for environmental impact, the mass of CO2 released by the GU system reached 1,707.5 tons in 25 years for a single TBS while the PV system produced no emissions. In addition to its contribution to climate change, the GU system pollutes its immediate environment through the spillage of waste and production of deafening noise. On the other hand, economic analysis shows mixed results. The GU system has a lower installation cost of $6,640 as against $174,550 for the PV system, whose investment cost is its main handicap. Regarding operating costs, the GU system peaks at $923,940 in 25 years while the PV system requires only $487,550 for the same duration.

Feasibility Comparison of Reanalysis Data from NCEP-I and NCEP-II in the Himalayas

Mt. Everest is often referred to as the earth＇s ＇third＇ pole. As such it is relatively inaccessible and little is known about its meteorology. In 2005, an automatic weather station was operated at North Col （28°1′ 0.95＂ N, 86°57′ 48.4＂ E, 6523 m a.s.l.） of Mt. Everest. Based on the observational data, this paper compares the reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR （hereafter NCEP-Ⅰ） and NCEP-DOE AMIP-Ⅱ （NCEP- Ⅱ）, in order to understand which reanalysis data are more suitable for the high Himalayas with Mr. Everest region. When comparing with those from the other levels, pressure interpolated from 500 hPa level is closer to the observation and can capture more synoptic-scale variability, which may be due to the very complex topography around Mt. Everest and the intricately complicated orographic land-atmosphereocean interactions. The interpolation from both NCEP-Ⅰ and NCEP-Ⅱ daily minimum temperature and daily mean pressure can capture most synopticscale variability （r〉0.82, n=83, p〈0.001）. However, there is difference between NCEP-Ⅰ and NCEP-Ⅱ reanalysis data because of different model parameterization. Comparing with the observation, the magnitude of variability was underestimated by 34.1%, 28.5 % and 27.1% for NCEP-Ⅰ temperature and pressure, and NCEP-Ⅱ pressure, respectively, while overestimated by 44.5 % for NCEP-Ⅱ temperature. For weather events interpolated from the reanalyzed data, NCEP-Ⅰ and NCEP-Ⅱ show the same features that weather events interpolated from pressure appear at the same day as those from the observation, and some events occur one day ahead, while most weather events and NCEP-Ⅱ temperature interpolated from NCEP-Ⅰ happen one day ahead of those from the observation, which is much important for the study on meteorology and climate changes in the region, and is very valuable from the view of improving the safety of climbers who attempt to climb Mt. Everest.