壳聚糖的生物医学特性与其结构的关系研究进展

很多研究在于探求壳聚糖及其衍生物的分子结构对其独特的性能的影响,综述上壳聚糖的各种优良的生物医学特性,阐明这些特性与其结构之间的关系,为更好地开发和利用壳聚糖及其衍生物新型生物医用材料提供理论依据。

渤海红海葵的生物医学研究——Ⅱ 渤海红海葵刺丝囊的生物医学特征

刺胞动物通过其触手及腔内类触手结构(胃丝、膈膜丝与抢丝)(internal tentaclelike:the gastric filaments,the septal filamentsand the acontia)上数以万千计的刺丝囊使人螫伤致毒。毒液从刺丝囊内通过细丝(刺丝)转输至受害者的组织内。理论上认为,任何具有刺丝囊的刺胞动物都存在潜在的螫器,所致伤害的程度可以从轻微皮炎直至即刻死亡。实际观察分析发现,螫伤的严重性质取决于刺胞动物的种类,刺丝囊的穿透能力。

花楸生物学特性及播种育苗技术

本文介绍了花楸的生物学特性、种子处理播种育苗技术和病虫害防治。

BPM红外偏振光治疗仪临床物理传播特性

简要介绍了光产生的基本原理和BPM红外偏振光的物理医学特性。

卓越医生教育之知识解读

文章从医学知识的生产、医学知识的扩张以及医学知识的特性三个维度,对卓越医生进行了内涵上的解读,提出了卓越医生教育的相应要求。认为,卓越医生必定要由丰富精湛的医学知识所武装,只有从医学知识的角度理解卓越医生,不断适应医学知识发展的新要求,才能真正反映"卓越"的内涵,厘清"卓越"的深意,进而培养出符合时代要求的高素质医学人才。

蜂胶医疗应用的研究进展

本文总结了蜂胶在医学特性领域研究的最新进展,讨论了由于蜂胶化学成分差异性而引起的生物学问题,概述了近年来蜂胶研究的进展及趋势,即对化学特性已知蜂胶的医学特性研究、生物活性原理研究、不同来源和不同化学组成蜂胶的比较研究。这些研究对于蜂胶的质量标准和在医疗中的实际应用具有参考价值。同时,这些研究将蜂胶的特定化学成分与其医学特性联系起来,对未来的蜂胶研究具有重要意义。

Acoustic radiation force imaging sonoelastography for noninvasive staging of liver fibrosis

AIM:To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging as a noninvasive method for the assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.METHODS:We performed a prospective blind com-parison of ARFI elastography,APRI index and FibroMax in a consecutive series of patients who underwent liver biopsy for CHC in University Hospital Bucharest. His-topathological staging of liver fibrosis according to the METAVIR scoring system served as the reference. A to-tal of 74 patients underwent ARFI elastography,APRI index,FibroMax and successful liver biopsy. RESULTS:The noninvasive tests had a good correlation with the liver biopsy results. The most powerful test in predicting fibrosis was ARFI elastography. The diagnostic accuracy of ARFI elastography,expressedas area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) had a validity of 90.2% (95% CI AUROC = 0.831-0.972,P < 0.001) for the diagnosis of significant f ibrosis (F ≥ 2). ARFI sonoelastography predicted even better F3 or F4 fibrosis (AUROC = 0.993,95% CI = 0.979-1).CONCLUSION:ARFI elastography had very good accuracy for the assessment of liver fibrosis and was superior to other noninvasive methods (APRI Index,FibroMax) for staging liver fibrosis.

细菌纤维素在医学方面的应用

细菌纤维素是由木葡糖酸醋杆菌等细菌合成的纤维素,在化学组成、分子结构上与植物纤维素相近,但具有传统的纤维素所无法比拟的优势,如高亲水性、持水性、生物适应性、可调控性以及高纯度、高透明度等,因而在医学上显示出了巨大的应用潜力。细菌纤维素可用作人造皮肤、外科敷料、人造血管、软骨组织、震动膜、缓释载体等,是最有前途的生物聚合材料之一。

Milk in Medical Theory Extant in Celsus＇ De medicina

The research concerns Roman medical galactology, galaktologia iatrike （γαλακτσλσγια ιατρικη）, i.e. the ancient knowledge of milk and its by-products in medical procedures as described by Celsus in his treatise entitled De medicina. The authors elaborate on the sources of Celsus＇ medical theory of milk, comment on the place of the Roman author＇s theory against the doctrinal background of other medical writers of the period, demonstrate pharmacological characteristics attributed to milk and milk-obtained products by Celsus, specify main cures in which milk and its by-products were made use of as either simple or compound medicines, give examples of the latter, delineate the progress of the theory on milk＇s medicinal use, and finally comment on the role of milk and milk-obtained products in the diet of the Mediterranean.

Characterization of alternating current impedance properties of biomedical electrodes

To study the alternating current （AC） impedance properties of Ag/AgC1 electrocardiograph （ECG） electrodes, the electrode pair was gel-to-gel connected, and then the electrical potential was recorded after a safe stimulating current passes through the electrode pair, so the AC impedance data of ECG electrodes were obtained. Varying the frequency and value of stimulating current, the detailed comparison and analysis of AC impedance properties of the electrodes were performed, and the stability was further characterized by using the continuous measurement within 24 h. The experimental results show that the AC impedance values of electrodes decreased, and then slightly increased with the increase of frequency of stimulating current. The minimum AC impedance value was obtained when the frequency was changed to 10 kHz. When the stimulating current increased, the AC impedance values of electrodes showed a slight decrease, but did not change significantly. Besides, the continuous measurement results show that the impedance value presented a significant increase in the initial 30 min, and then was stabilized in the following measuring process.

Rational design and functional evolution of targeted peptides for bioanalytical applications

The complicated, highly dynamic and diverse nature of biosystems brings great challenges to the specific analysis of molecular processes of interest. Nature provides antibodies for the specific recognition of antigens, which is a straight-forward way for targeted analysis. However, there are still limitations during the practical applications due to the big size of the antibodies, which accelerate the discovery of small molecular probes. Peptides built from various optional building blocks and easily achieved by chemical synthetic approaches with predictable conformations, are versatile and can act as tailor-made targeting vehicles.In this mini review, we summarize the recent developments in the discovery of novel peptides for bioanalytical and biomedical applications. Progresses in peptide-library design and selection strategies are presented. Recent achievements in the peptide-guided detection, imaging and disease treatment are also focused.

Fracture healing with osteopathy in traditional Mongolian medicine

OBJECTIVE: To explore the concept and norm of fracture healing with osteopathy in traditional Mongolian medicine (TMM). METHODS: Based on the correspondence between man and the universe (including psychosomatic integration) in fracture healing with osteopathy in TMM, we used modern physio-psychological and biomechanical principles and methods to probe the integrated, dynamic and functional characteristics of fracture healing. RESULTS: Based on the integration of limbs and the body, unification of the body and function and harmony of man and nature (including psychoso-matic integration), fracture healing with osteopathy in TMM comprises the concept of natural functional healing of fractures, and follows the norm of considering physiological healing and psychological function as well as limb healing and motor function. CONCLUSION: Fracture healing with osteopathy in TMM is characterized by a lack of trauma without future complications. This therapy makes the concept of fracture healing develop in the direction of humanity, behaviorism and integration.

Epidemiological study of community- and hospital-acquired intraabdominal infections

Purpose： To investigate and analyze the clinical and etiological characteristics of community-acquired intraabdominal infections （CIAIs） and hospital-acquired or nosocomial intraabdominal infections （NIAIs） in a comprehensive hospital, to understand the characteristics, pathogen composition, and drug resistance of CIAls as well as NIAIs, and to provide a reference for clinical treatment. Methods： We collected the clinical data of patients with intraabdominal infections admitted to our hospital from June 2013 to June 2014. In vitro drug sensitivity tests were conducted to separate pathogens, and the data were analyzed using the WHONET 5.4 software and SPSS 13.0 software. Results： A total of 221 patients were enrolled in the study, including 144 with CIAls （55 mild-moderate and 89 severe） and 77 with NIAIs. We isolated 322 pathogenic strains, including 234 strains of gramnegative bacteria, 82 strains of gram-positive bacteria, and 6 strains of fungi. Based on clinical features, NIAIs and severe ClAls presented significantly higher values in age, length of hospital stay, mortality, and the incidence of severe intra-abdominal infection than mild-moderate CIAIs （p 〈 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the prognosis between NIAIs and severe CIAIs. Primary diseases leading to CIAIs and NIAIs mostly were hepatobiliary diseases and gastrointestinal diseases respectively. Bacteria isolated from various types of IAls mainly were Enterobacteriaceae; mild-moderate CIAIs mostly were mono-infection of gram-negative bacteria; NIAIs mostly were mixed infections of gram-negative and grampositive bacteria; and severe CIAls were from either type of infection. The rate of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase-producing Escherichia coil and Klebsiella pneurnoniae was much higher in NIAIs than in CIAIs （p 〈 0.05）. The antimicrobial drug sensitivity of gram-negative bacteria isolated from NIAIs was significantly lower than that of CIAIs. Conclusion： CIAIs and NIAIs have their own unique clinical features and epidemiological features of pathogens which should be considered during the initial empiric therapy for the rational use of anti- microbial drugs. Regional IAls pathogenic bacteria have their own features in drug resistance, slightly different from some recommendations of 2010 Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines.

Glass capillary nanopore for single molecule detection

Single molecule detection based on nanopore technology is a very promising approach for medical diagnostics, drug therapy and even DNA sequencing. Compared with other biological nanopores and solid-state nanopores, the glass capillary nanopore has low cost, easy availability and stable mechanical characteristics, thus it has been widely used in the nanopore technology for single molecule detection. In this review, we will focus on the studies of the glass nanopore sensors. The popular glass nanopore fabrication methods would be introduced, and the applications of glass nanopores in the detection of nanoparticles, proteins and DNA molecules would be presented. We hope this review will help widen field of vision and promote the development of the nanopore technology based on the glass capillary nanopores.