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平衡的重建:中华人民共和国成立初期政府对农村医疗力量的整合——以山西运城地区的防疫运动为例
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作者 曹永光 《南京医科大学学报(社会科学版)》 2018年第2期127-130,共4页
中华人民共和国成立之前中国社会的医疗状况,无论是医疗技术、医药资源还是专业技术人才方面都是相对落后的。然而在这种医疗条件之下,民众似乎并没有改善医疗状况的强烈诉求,恰恰相反,中华人民共和国成立初期政府在防疫运动中试图为民... 中华人民共和国成立之前中国社会的医疗状况,无论是医疗技术、医药资源还是专业技术人才方面都是相对落后的。然而在这种医疗条件之下,民众似乎并没有改善医疗状况的强烈诉求,恰恰相反,中华人民共和国成立初期政府在防疫运动中试图为民众提供大规模医疗救助的时候,不论是医生层面还是民众层面,都出现了不同程度的抵触情绪,这与一般认知相左。这种现象的出现,与传统社会中民众的救治需求与社会的医疗供应处于一种平衡状态紧密相关,这种平衡关系使社会医疗力量长期游离于政府的直接控制之外。中华人民共和国成立初期的防疫运动,在为医疗现代化提供了契机的同时,也为政府医疗控制力下移提供了机会。在这一运动中,政府基本上打破了原有的由分散的私医、巫医控制下的医疗供求的平衡关系,建立了民众与政府控制下的医疗力量的平衡关系。 展开更多
关键词 农村医疗 医疗供求 防疫运动 医疗现代化 医疗控制力 中华人民共和国成立初期
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Merit and Evaluation Models for Managers in the National Health System: An Empirical Study
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作者 Elena Candelo Cecilia Casalegno 《Chinese Business Review》 2013年第8期572-582,共11页
The national health system (NHS) complexity increase requires a review of the managerial human resources evaluation and recruiting methods, considering that nowadays doctors need to improve not just their clinical c... The national health system (NHS) complexity increase requires a review of the managerial human resources evaluation and recruiting methods, considering that nowadays doctors need to improve not just their clinical capabilities, but also managerial competences. At this end it is important to develop performances control models and to identify appropriate results indicators, with the aim of introducing an effective doctors selection system for managerial roles. The paper considers the Italian situation and tests the current evaluation and selection methods, by analysing the literature and the existing legislation and by interviewing experts. Moreover, in order to reach an innovative model, complex organizations have been taken into account as benchmarks. Three different categories of experts have been interviewed and texted: national health care organizations managers, companies managers, and business consultants. The 137 interviewed experts have been asked about four main questions concerning the evaluation for hiring managers as chief medical director, department director, and head of complex units. The conducted research suggests four different options in order to evaluate and to select heads of complex unit for the most strategic roles. By consequence, the analysis shows that required characteristics must be managerial attitudes as well as clinical capabilities. 展开更多
关键词 evaluation methods national health care system clinical governance skills development competences-based management managerial competencies
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