习近平同志涉及中医语录选摘

中医药学凝聚着深邃的哲学智慧和中华民族几千年的健康养生理念及其实践经验，是中国古代科学的瑰宝，也是打开中华文明宝库的钥匙。深入研究和科学总结中医药学对丰富世界医学事业、推进生命科学研究具有积极意义。

郑梅涧《筻余医语》及其对脉诊的新见解

《筵余医语》为郑梅涧稿本，不分卷，凡6000余字，包括《二气相因，互为生生之本》、《小儿先天禀赋》、《脉学》、《十二字审证》、《药贵中病》等医论，后附《脉诀》。《篷余医语》原名《梅涧医麈医语》，后来郑梅涧将“医麈”改为“笼余”，意指闲暇之余对医理的所思所悟。郑梅涧在《筵余医语》中，针对大小肠、三焦脉部定位的学术分歧，指出以《内经》为代表的“大小二肠候于两尺”的观点是源于脏腑学说，而以《难经》为代表的“大小二肠候于两寸”的观点是源于经络学说。他认为将脏腑与经络理论相结合，才能更好地把握寸口脉法的脏腑定位，因而对左右手寸关尺三部对应的脏腑表里关系重新进行了定位。依据中医理论，脏腑阴阳表里属性是脏为阴，阴主里；腑为阳，阳为表。《内经》、《难经》、《脉经》诊脉“浮取主脏，沉取主腑”的观点，显然与之相抵牾。因此，郑梅涧将《内经》中的“内外”理解为“浮沉”，提出“腑浅脏深”的观点，在他的“菽权八级指力”诊脉法中，体现了“浮外候府，沉内候脏”，这种观念更加符合诊脉原理。

美国政治语篇的隐喻架构分析——以Trump和Hillary的医保演讲和辩论为例

本研究选取2016-2017年Trump和Hillary医保类议题的演讲和辩论文本为语料,以架构理论、概念隐喻理论为理论依据,结合美国两党的道德观,探讨双方政治语篇中的概念隐喻及其背后的不同架构。研究发现:双方均使用了"医保行业是市场""医改是旅程"和"医改是建筑修补"的概念隐喻,特朗普及希拉里还分别使用了"医保政策是灾难""医保政策是谎言"及"医改是战争"的概念隐喻来建构医保现实,宣扬己方的政策观点;隐喻背后的不同表层架构折射了两党不同的道德观和执政理念;相较于希拉里,特朗普对消极架构、诚信架构、个人负责架构及纪律架构的操纵能够更有效地非法化对手合法化自身,从而提高其政治语篇的接受度。

A Study on Construction of Quality Security System in the Cultivation of Top-notch Innovative Medical Talents

In order to cultivate the top-notch innovative talents with the intemational perspectives, on the basis of the principles of objective, utility, humanities and practice, medical institutions should update the concept of talent cultivation led by employment, innovate teaching mode by deepening teaching reform, optimize the teaching staff by strengthening cooperation between college and enterprise, widen the practical teaching by participating interaction with pharmaceutical industries, and improve the teaching supervision system by implementing quality requirements to construct quality security system in the cultivation of top-notch innovative medical talents.

A genre analysis of medical abstracts by Chinese and English native speakers

This study presents statistical results of a comparison between English abstracts in a leading intemational medical journal and those in a Chinese one. With a genre analysis and discussion of linguistic features of these abstracts, the paper points out the weak points in the abstracts by Chinese writers and provides some suggestions for writing abstracts of medical research articles

Teacher＇s role in teaching English for Medical Purposes （EMP）

This paper has addressed key notions about ESP and examined issues in ESP curriculum design. The content of the paper was determined by a need identified based on author＇s professional experience as an EMP instructor designing and delivering the content-based language lessons--language preparation for Doctoral Degree Applicants in medicine. The author believes that in English class teachers should adopt a student-centered approach, have some knowledge of the special subjects and choose appropriate materials that fit all medical students. This approach has achieved satisfactory result in helping students know about the latest breakthroughs in biomedical fields, communicate with colleagues of other countries and contribute to foreign medical journals.

MAAUNet:Exploration of U-shaped encoding and decoding structure for semantic segmentation of medical image

In view of the problems of multi-scale changes of segmentation targets,noise interference,rough segmentation results and slow training process faced by medical image semantic segmentation,a multi-scale residual aggregation U-shaped attention network structure of MAAUNet(MultiRes aggregation attention UNet)is proposed based on MultiResUNet.Firstly,aggregate connection is introduced from the original feature aggregation at the same level.Skip connection is redesigned to aggregate features of different semantic scales at the decoder subnet,and the problem of semantic gaps is further solved that may exist between skip connections.Secondly,after the multi-scale convolution module,a convolution block attention module is added to focus and integrate features in the two attention directions of channel and space to adaptively optimize the intermediate feature map.Finally,the original convolution block is improved.The convolution channels are expanded with a series convolution structure to complement each other and extract richer spatial features.Residual connections are retained and the convolution block is turned into a multi-channel convolution block.The model is made to extract multi-scale spatial features.The experimental results show that MAAUNet has strong competitiveness in challenging datasets,and shows good segmentation performance and stability in dealing with multi-scale input and noise interference.

Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Domain Ontology:Current Status and Rethinking for the Future Development

The past twenty years have seen the increasingly important role of ontology in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).However,the development of TCM ontology faces many challenges.Since the epistemologies dramatically differ between TCM and contemporary biomedicine,it is hard to apply the existing top-level ontology mechanically.“Data silos”are widely present in the currently available terminology standards,term sets,and ontologies.The formal representation of ontology needs to be further improved in TCM.Therefore,we propose a unified basic semantic framework of TCM based on in-depth theoretical research on the existing top・level ontology and a re-study of important concepts in TCM.Under such a framework,ontologies in TCM subdomains should be built collaboratively and be represented formally in a common format.Besides,extensive cooperation should be encouraged by establishing ontology research communities to promote ontology peer review and reuse.

Research on Text Mining of Syndrome Element Syndrome Differentiation by Natural Language Processing

Objective Natural language processing (NLP) was used to excavate and visualize the core content of syndrome element syndrome differentiation (SESD). Methods The first step was to build a text mining and analysis environment based on Python language, and built a corpus based on the core chapters of SESD. The second step was to digitalize the corpus. The main steps included word segmentation, information cleaning and merging, document-entry matrix, dictionary compilation and information conversion. The third step was to mine and display the internal information of SESD corpus by means of word cloud, keyword extraction and visualization. Results NLP played a positive role in computer recognition and comprehension of SESD. Different chapters had different keywords and weights. Deficiency syndrome elements were an important component of SESD, such as "Qi deficiency""Yang deficiency" and "Yin deficiency". The important syndrome elements of substantiality included "Blood stasis""Qi stagnation", etc. Core syndrome elements were closely related. Conclusions Syndrome differentiation and treatment was the core of SESD. Using NLP to excavate syndromes differentiation could help reveal the internal relationship between syndromes differentiation and provide basis for artificial intelligence to learn syndromes differentiation.

Take Advantage of Multimedia for Medical English Teaching

This paper is my humble opinion on why multimedia should be integrated into the teaching of English for medical purpose （EMP） and how we can make the best use of IT （information technology） in EMP teaching. By combining large amount of medical resources with the content of textbook, computerize teaching material can be produced In which, graphics, pictures as well as animations and flashes are used to present ideas, demonstrate ＂hard-to-understand＂ concepts, and more, links provided to explore current data on the web concerning given medical knowledge. It is shown here the multimedia environment provides us a new and desirable approach to enhance the delivery and interactivity of medical linguistic course.

Exploration and practice of English teaching in Stomatology

Stomatology English as an international language in the academic field, it is the basic skill that oral medicine students uses to understand the academic from, master new technologies in clinical, and expand professional horizons. The study targets for the training the ability of applying stomatology English, exploring and practicing in the teaching materials, teacher training, teaching methods and the language application environment, thus forming a ＂three-step＂ stomatology English teaching mode and gaining effective results.

TREATMENT OF CEREBRAL PALSY WITH APHASIA BY LINGUISTIC TRAINING COMBINED WITH ACUPUNCTURE

Objective： To explore the best remedies for cerebral palsy with aphasia. Methods： A total of 76 cases of cerebral palsy children with aphasia were evenly randomized into control group and treatment group. Patients of treatment group were treated with “consciousness-restoring needling” plus linguistic training and these of control group treated with simple linguistic training method. Acupuncture was given once every other day, and linguistic training conducted once 6 times a week, with 10 times being a therapeutic course and the interval between two weeks being 10 - 15 days. Following 3 courses of treatment, the therapeutic effect was analyzed. Results. After 3 courses of treatment, of the two 38 cases in treatment and control groups, 27 （71.1% ） and 13 （34.2%） had remarkable improvement in their symptoms. The therapeutic effect of treatment group was significantly superior to that of control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. The developmental quotient values of speech of treatment and control groups were 56.36 ± 19.77 and 46.96± 15.63 respectively, displaying that acupuncture could significantly improve cerebral palsy patients＇ speaking ability （P〈0 05）. Conclusion. The therapeutic effect of acupuncture therapy plus linguistic training is significantly superior to that of simple linguistic training .

A Study on the Impact of PEST Analysis on the Pharmaceutical Sector： The Bangladesh Context

PEST （Political, Economic, Social, and Technological） analysis of any industry sector investigates the important factors that are affecting the industry and influencing the companies operating in that sector. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pharmaceutical sector of Bangladesh using the framework of PEST. This report brings to light the current state of the sector its progress and its problems. Through this study the researchers try to discuss the affect of various macro-economic factors of political, economic, social, and technological aspect on the industry and its related problems and prospects for the future.

Second Language Repertoires Reflecting on Teaching IsiXhosa to Medical Students

The Language Policy for Higher Education （2002） and University of Cape Town＇s Language Plan （2001） suggest that language is central to our social and academic engagement at every level： to our communication with those around us, to our learning, and to our identities. The purpose of this paper is to show how the medical school, after making progress towards implementing the University of Cape Town＇s Language Plan of 2001, is compelled to encourage isiXhosa language developers to develop the necessary and relevant vocabulary responding to the needs of the target users. In some cases, there is a need to adopt terms that are already available and being used by the speech community to align them in the curriculum. Research conducted by analyzing field notes, having plenary discussions with students, observations during clinical practice, reflecting on the curriculum and study materials material. Results indicated the significance of teaching isiXhosa drawing from the medical jargon understood amongst patients, doctors, and nurses. This paper discusses the status enjoyed by isiXhosa to date, language teaching and teaching matters pertaining to isiXhosa, and reflection on whether there is benefit in learning isiXhosa.

From solar terms to medical terms(PartⅡ):Some implications for traditional Chinese Medicine

In the traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), the timing of performing the treatment during the year is always an important factor for maximizing its effectiveness. Based on over half a century of observational and reanalysis data, a modified calendric system, named the Twenty-four Medical Terms(24-MTs), has been established for China's Mainland following a systematic calibration and geographical adjustment of the classic Twenty-four Solar Terms(24-STs). In view of "adapting the human body to the changing universe", a core philosophy of the TCM, this improved medical calendar is expected to make a significant contribution to the development of precise Chinese Medicine in the big data era. Specifically, two maps of localized timings for the so-called Triple-Fu(TF) and Triple-Jiu(TF) defined using a joint heat index of air temperature and relative humidity are created as an alternative to the two nationwide unified timings representing the warmest and coldest periods of the year. These location-specific medical calendars, with a maximum regional time shift of one week for TJ and a systematic advancing of 3.6–28.2 days for TF in China's Mainland, are thought to be clinically useful for carrying out precise TCM such as"treating winter deceases in summer". In addition, similar maps of localized timings for peak spring and peak autumn defined as the days of fastest warming and cooling around the years are generated for China's Mainland, so as to provide a helpful guidance for practicing season(ST/MT) related and geographically dependent precise health care in the context of "born in spring, grow in summer, harvest in autumn, and preserve in winter", which is a key ideology in the TCM.

From solar terms to medical terms(Part Ⅰ): A first step with big data

The story of the Twenty-four Solar Terms(24-ST_s) is one of the most popular elements in Chinese culture, which has a profound influence on agriculture production, health care, and even daily life in both ancient and modern China. This traditional calendric system was invented by the Chinese ancestors through combining fundamental astronomical knowledge with climatic and phenological conditions in the Yellow River Basin some 2000 years ago. Although the basic philosophy of the 24-ST_s remains valid for the country as a whole to date, their regional robustness has been increasingly challenged by accumulating observational data in terms of temporal shift and spatial inhomogeneity. To tackle these issues, we propose to recalibrate the medically related critical timings of Great Heat and Great Cold in the classic ST system by using big meteorological data, and adjust them by introducing geographically correlated analytical models. As a result, a novel calendric system, called the Twenty-four Medical Terms(24-MT_s), has been developed as an upgraded version of the traditional 24-ST_s. The proposed 24-MT_s are characterized by two striking features with respect to the 24-ST_s: A varying duration of each MT instead of a fixed one for the ST, and a geographically dependent timing for each MT instead of a unified one for the entire nation. As such, the updated 24-MT_s are expected to provide a more realistic estimate of these critical timings around the year, and hence, a more precise guidance to agronomic planning and health care activity in China.

Ipsilateral open anterior hip dislocation and open pos- terior elbow dislocation in an adult

Open anterior dislocation of the hip is a very rare injury, especially in adults. It is a hyperabduction, external rotation and extension injury. Its combination with open posterior dislocation of the elbow has not been de- scribed in English language-based medical literature. Pri- mary resuscitation, debridement, urgent reduction of dislocation, and adequate antibiotic support resulted ingood clinical outcome in our patient. At 18 months follow- up, no signs of avascular necrosis of the femoral head or infection were observed.

Mathematical knowledge hidden in diagram of Nine-mansions based on Nine-mansions and Eight-winds discourse

OBJECTIVE: To introduce diagram of Nine-mansions in which another diagram named Xian-Tu is nested together with the mathematical knowledge hidden in them. METHODS: Exploring with algebraic method the diagram of Nine-mansions and diagram of Xian-Tu nested in it and comparing the diagrams with the eight-pointed-star veins. It widely exists in the Neolithic Age's antiques found in China. RESULTS: The golden rectangle and golden spiral were found hidden in the diagrams and they show close relationship with eight-pointed-star veins. CONCLUSION: The mathematical knowledge does exists in the diagram of Nine-mansions and Xian-Tu, which may mean something for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for its discourse on Nine-mansions and Eight-winds obviously employed the diagram of Nine-mansions for its medical purpose.

Observation on the Curative Effect of Acupuncture on Child Tourette＇s Syndrome

To investigate the efficacy of earth-reinforcing and wood-reducing acupuncture tbr child Tourette＇s syndrome. Methods： Forty-five children with Yourette＇s syndrome were randomly allocated, according to a random number table, into an acupuncture group （23 cases） and a Western medicine group （22 cases）. Points Zhongwan （CV 12） and Siguan were selected in co-operation with acupuncture of other routine points in the acupuncture group. Haloperidol was orally administered for routine treatment in the Western medicine group. Results： The cure rate was 65.2% in the acupuncture group and 31.8% in the Western medicine group. There was a significant difference in cure rate between the two groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Earth-reinforcing and wood-reducing acupuncture has an exact curative effect on child Tourette＇s syndrome.