针对电子调查存在的不少安全问题,如信息欺骗、隐私安全等,构建了一个基于非交互零知识证明(NIZK,non-interactive zero knowledge proofs)的匿名电子调查系统,系统具有自组织、非交互、防重放、更安全等特点。系统采用NIZK协议和Boneh-...针对电子调查存在的不少安全问题,如信息欺骗、隐私安全等,构建了一个基于非交互零知识证明(NIZK,non-interactive zero knowledge proofs)的匿名电子调查系统,系统具有自组织、非交互、防重放、更安全等特点。系统采用NIZK协议和Boneh-Boyen签名方案对用户的身份进行非交互式的验证,保证了系统的真实性;系统还采用Pedersen承诺方案和伪随机函数对用户的身份和相关信息进行隐藏,保证了系统的匿名性。安全性分析表明,系统具有抵抗恶意用户并发攻击和匿名性等安全特性。最后,对系统的功能进行了仿真并验证,结果表明,系统能够正确完成各项功能,并有效地保证系统的匿名性与真实性。展开更多
Striae gravidarum (SG) is a poorly characterized but common disfiguring condition of pregnancy. To better characterize the epidemiological factors associated with SG.An anonymous survey administered at Stanford Ambula...Striae gravidarum (SG) is a poorly characterized but common disfiguring condition of pregnancy. To better characterize the epidemiological factors associated with SG.An anonymous survey administered at Stanford Ambulatory Clinics sampled 161 women who had given birth. Forty- eight-point-three percent of women with SG (43/89) versus 19.4% without SG (14/72)reported mothers with SG (odds ratio = 7.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.7, 18.6). Forty-seven percent of women with SG (42/89 women) versus 18.1% without SG (13/72) reported additional relatives with SG(oddsratio =7.2,95% CI2.9,18.2). Eighty-one percent of women with SG (68/84) versus 30.5% without SG (18/59) reported a history of breast or thigh striae (odds ratio = 8.6, 95% CI 3.8, 19.9). Forty-seven percent of women with SG versus 17% without SG were non- white (odds ratio = 4.2, 95% CI 1.9, 9.6). This study suggests that a history of breast or thigh striae, family history, and race is significantly predictive of SG development.展开更多
We studied a large cohort of identical twin sisters, utilizing the unique properties of a twin research design to explore the relationship between obstetrical delivery mode and stress urinary incontinence. Study desig...We studied a large cohort of identical twin sisters, utilizing the unique properties of a twin research design to explore the relationship between obstetrical delivery mode and stress urinary incontinence. Study design: An anonymous 67- item survey was completed by 271 identical twin pairs (n = 542) at the world s largest annual gathering of twins. Logistic regression for repeated binary measures was used to evaluate risk factors and accounting for shared genetics within pairs. Results: The twins had a mean age of 47.1 years (range 15 to 85 years), and stress urinary incontinence was reported by 51.8% . Stress urinary incontinence was associated with age (P = .001), parity (P = .001), obesity (P = .002), and birth mode, with vaginal delivery conferring a considerable increase in stress urinary incontinence risk relative to cesarean section (odds ratio 2.28, 95% confidence interval 1.14 to 4.55, P = .019). Conclusion: Vaginal delivery mode represents a potent determinant of stress urinary incontinence, carrying more than twice the risk of cesarean section. This study of identical twins provides new insight into the epidemiology of female incontinence.展开更多
文摘针对电子调查存在的不少安全问题,如信息欺骗、隐私安全等,构建了一个基于非交互零知识证明(NIZK,non-interactive zero knowledge proofs)的匿名电子调查系统,系统具有自组织、非交互、防重放、更安全等特点。系统采用NIZK协议和Boneh-Boyen签名方案对用户的身份进行非交互式的验证,保证了系统的真实性;系统还采用Pedersen承诺方案和伪随机函数对用户的身份和相关信息进行隐藏,保证了系统的匿名性。安全性分析表明,系统具有抵抗恶意用户并发攻击和匿名性等安全特性。最后,对系统的功能进行了仿真并验证,结果表明,系统能够正确完成各项功能,并有效地保证系统的匿名性与真实性。
文摘Striae gravidarum (SG) is a poorly characterized but common disfiguring condition of pregnancy. To better characterize the epidemiological factors associated with SG.An anonymous survey administered at Stanford Ambulatory Clinics sampled 161 women who had given birth. Forty- eight-point-three percent of women with SG (43/89) versus 19.4% without SG (14/72)reported mothers with SG (odds ratio = 7.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.7, 18.6). Forty-seven percent of women with SG (42/89 women) versus 18.1% without SG (13/72) reported additional relatives with SG(oddsratio =7.2,95% CI2.9,18.2). Eighty-one percent of women with SG (68/84) versus 30.5% without SG (18/59) reported a history of breast or thigh striae (odds ratio = 8.6, 95% CI 3.8, 19.9). Forty-seven percent of women with SG versus 17% without SG were non- white (odds ratio = 4.2, 95% CI 1.9, 9.6). This study suggests that a history of breast or thigh striae, family history, and race is significantly predictive of SG development.
文摘We studied a large cohort of identical twin sisters, utilizing the unique properties of a twin research design to explore the relationship between obstetrical delivery mode and stress urinary incontinence. Study design: An anonymous 67- item survey was completed by 271 identical twin pairs (n = 542) at the world s largest annual gathering of twins. Logistic regression for repeated binary measures was used to evaluate risk factors and accounting for shared genetics within pairs. Results: The twins had a mean age of 47.1 years (range 15 to 85 years), and stress urinary incontinence was reported by 51.8% . Stress urinary incontinence was associated with age (P = .001), parity (P = .001), obesity (P = .002), and birth mode, with vaginal delivery conferring a considerable increase in stress urinary incontinence risk relative to cesarean section (odds ratio 2.28, 95% confidence interval 1.14 to 4.55, P = .019). Conclusion: Vaginal delivery mode represents a potent determinant of stress urinary incontinence, carrying more than twice the risk of cesarean section. This study of identical twins provides new insight into the epidemiology of female incontinence.
