表面活性剂对超细BaTiO_3纳米颗粒制备的影响

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,醋酸钡为钡源,采用改进的水热法（即溶剂热法）在低温条件下合成钙钛矿结构的超细钛酸钡纳米颗粒,重点研究表面活性剂对产物的影响,探讨了不同表面活性剂影响产物形貌和种类的作用机理.通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）及能谱（EDS）对产物进行表征,结果表明加入不同的表面活性剂时,制备的产物不同,其产物的形貌分别为超细纳米线、纳米棒（直径约几十纳米）和纳米颗粒（尺寸约50～100nm）.通过调节反应过程中的表面活性剂,可以实现从线状钡的硫酸盐到纯相的超细钛酸钡纳米颗粒的转变.此方法为尺寸小于20nm的钛酸钡颗粒的制备及铁电材料尺寸限制效应的研究提供了重要参考.

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳鉴定壳斗科植物种质资源

通过对5个壳斗科植物盐溶蛋白的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)分析,为壳斗科植物的种质资源鉴定提供科学依据。以栗属(板栗、锥栗、茅栗)和栎属(麻栎)5个壳斗科植物为试验材料,分别提取种子内盐溶蛋白,并进行PAGE电泳检测。结果表明,茅栗(Castanea seguinii Dode)的盐溶蛋白种类最丰富,有19条,而麻栎(Quercus acutissima Carr)最少,有11条。对每条谱带进行相似性比较,发现茅栗与板栗(Castanea mollissima Bl)的相似程度最高,其次是锥栗[Castanea henr-yi(Skan)Rehd.et.Wils]和麻栎,再次是茅栗与锥栗,而板栗与麻栎的差异性最大。从而推断出它们之间进化关系:麻栎→锥栗→茅栗→板栗。表明利用SDS-PAGE技术可用于鉴定壳斗科植物之间的进化关系和亲缘关系。

Interfacial Electric Properties Between W／O and Bicontinuous Microemulsions of SDS／n-C5H11OH／n-C7H16／H2O System

In the system of SDS/n-C5H11OH/n-C7H16/H2O with the weight ratio of SDS/n-C5H11OH/H2O system at5.0/47.5/47.5, the upper phase of the system was W/O microemulsion, and the lower phase was the bicontinuous microemulsion. When the n-heptane content was less than 1%, with the increase of the n-heptane content, the capacitance (Co, Cod) in the upper phase (W/O) dropped, the capacitance (CB1, CBld) in the lower phase (BI) raised. At the same time, the W/O-BI inteffacial potential (ΔE), capacitance (Ci), and charge-transfer current (ict) decreased.After the n-heptane content reached 1%, with the increase of the n-heptane content, ΔE, Ci and ict demonstrated no significant change.