目的探讨最小子野宽度(MSW)对乳腺癌保乳术后容积旋转调强放射治疗(VMAT)计划剂量分布的影响。方法选择2019年10月至2020年12月医院收治的12例乳腺癌保乳术后患者,在相同条件下分别使用0.5、1.0、1.5 cm MSW设计半弧VMAT计划和剪刀形切...目的探讨最小子野宽度(MSW)对乳腺癌保乳术后容积旋转调强放射治疗(VMAT)计划剂量分布的影响。方法选择2019年10月至2020年12月医院收治的12例乳腺癌保乳术后患者,在相同条件下分别使用0.5、1.0、1.5 cm MSW设计半弧VMAT计划和剪刀形切线弧VMAT计划,分析MSW对靶区和危及器官剂量分布的影响。结果MSW对半弧VMAT计划和剪刀形切线弧VMAT计划的靶区和危及器官剂量分布的影响较为一致。不同MSW计划的靶区适形指数(CI)、危及器官剂量分布比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同MSW计划的靶区均匀性指数(HI)、机器跳数比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两两比较结果显示,0.5、1.0 cm MSW计划的HI与1.5 cm MSW计划比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);0.5 cm MSW计划的机器跳数与1.0、1.5 cm MSW计划比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于乳腺癌保乳术后VMAT计划,采用半弧照射或剪刀形切线弧照射均可,建议采用1.0 cm作为MSW,既可保证靶区和危及器官的剂量分布满足临床要求,又能降低机器跳数,缩短治疗时间。展开更多
Major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class II B molecules play an important role in the adaptive immune response in fish. Previous study has reported that two highly polymorphic class II B genes, Cyse-DAB and Cyse...Major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class II B molecules play an important role in the adaptive immune response in fish. Previous study has reported that two highly polymorphic class II B genes, Cyse-DAB and Cyse-DBB exist in half-smooth tongue sole （Cynoglossus semilaevis）. In this study, the polymorphism within exon 2 of the class II B genes following bacterial challenge was evaluated. Two hundred C. semilaevis individuals were injected intraperitoneally with Vibrio anguillarum. Muscle tissue from the first 20 dead and 20 of the survivors was collected for genotyping. Sixty alleles from the 40 individuals were isolated, of which 32 belonged to Cyse-DAB and 28 belonged to Cyse-DBB. The rate of dN （non-synonymous substitution） was higher than that of ds （synonymous substitution） in the PBRs （peptide binding residues） of both class I1 B genes. Conversely, the rate of ds was higher than dy in the non-PBRs and the complete exon 2 sequence. Thus, the results suggest that positive selection has occurred in the PBRs and purifying selection in the non-PBRs and exon 2. Thirteen class II B alleles were used to study the association between alleles and resistance to infection. Though not significant, alleles Cyse-DAB＊ 0601, Cyse-DAB ＊ 0706, and Cyse-DBB＊O 101, Cyse-DBB＊ 1301 were only found in surviving individuals and may represent alleles that have resistance against V. anguillarum infection. Alleles Cyse-DAB＊0701 and Cyse-DAB＊1301 were significantly more prevalent in dead individuals than in surviving ones and may represent alleles that are associated with increased susceptibility to V. anguillarum infection.展开更多
Major histocompatibility complex class II antigens are important in vertebrate immune system.In the present study,the full cDNA sequence of class II A gene was synthesized by RACE-PCR from half-smooth tongue sole(Cyno...Major histocompatibility complex class II antigens are important in vertebrate immune system.In the present study,the full cDNA sequence of class II A gene was synthesized by RACE-PCR from half-smooth tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis),and its open reading frame(ORF) polymorphism was studied.The whole cDNA sequence was 992 bp in length,including the ORF with 717 bp.Twenty-five alleles were identified and clustered into two distinct groups according to the specific nucleotides/amino acids in specific positions.Eleven alleles belonged to Cyse-DAA while fourteen alleles belonged to Cyse-DBA.Four Cyse-DAA alleles were observed in one individual,and three to five Cyse-DBA alleles were observed in each of the three detected individuals,which indicated that at least two loci existed in each gene.Moreover,in order to study the function of the alleles in resistance to infection,200 individuals were intraperitoneally injected with Vibrio anguillarum and the first 20 dead individuals and 20 surviving ones were selected for genotype analysis.Fifty-six alleles were identified among the 40 individuals.Twenty-nine alleles belonged to Cyse-DAA and the other 27 alleles belonged to Cyse-DBA.Eighteen alleles were selected for studying their function in resistance to infection.Alleles Cyse-DAA*0201,Cyse-DAA*1101,Cyse-DBA*0401,Cyse-DBA*1102,Cyse-DBA*1801 and Cyse-DBA*2201 were identi-fied only in surviving individuals,while alleles Cyse-DAA*0901,Cyse-DBA*1101 and Cyse-DBA*1401 occurred more frequently in dead individuals.This study confirmed the existence and polymorphism of two class II A genes as well as the relationship between alleles of class II A genes and disease susceptibility/resistance in half-smooth tongue sole.展开更多
文摘目的探讨最小子野宽度(MSW)对乳腺癌保乳术后容积旋转调强放射治疗(VMAT)计划剂量分布的影响。方法选择2019年10月至2020年12月医院收治的12例乳腺癌保乳术后患者,在相同条件下分别使用0.5、1.0、1.5 cm MSW设计半弧VMAT计划和剪刀形切线弧VMAT计划,分析MSW对靶区和危及器官剂量分布的影响。结果MSW对半弧VMAT计划和剪刀形切线弧VMAT计划的靶区和危及器官剂量分布的影响较为一致。不同MSW计划的靶区适形指数(CI)、危及器官剂量分布比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同MSW计划的靶区均匀性指数(HI)、机器跳数比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两两比较结果显示,0.5、1.0 cm MSW计划的HI与1.5 cm MSW计划比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);0.5 cm MSW计划的机器跳数与1.0、1.5 cm MSW计划比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于乳腺癌保乳术后VMAT计划,采用半弧照射或剪刀形切线弧照射均可,建议采用1.0 cm作为MSW,既可保证靶区和危及器官的剂量分布满足临床要求,又能降低机器跳数,缩短治疗时间。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30901098)
文摘Major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class II B molecules play an important role in the adaptive immune response in fish. Previous study has reported that two highly polymorphic class II B genes, Cyse-DAB and Cyse-DBB exist in half-smooth tongue sole （Cynoglossus semilaevis）. In this study, the polymorphism within exon 2 of the class II B genes following bacterial challenge was evaluated. Two hundred C. semilaevis individuals were injected intraperitoneally with Vibrio anguillarum. Muscle tissue from the first 20 dead and 20 of the survivors was collected for genotyping. Sixty alleles from the 40 individuals were isolated, of which 32 belonged to Cyse-DAB and 28 belonged to Cyse-DBB. The rate of dN （non-synonymous substitution） was higher than that of ds （synonymous substitution） in the PBRs （peptide binding residues） of both class I1 B genes. Conversely, the rate of ds was higher than dy in the non-PBRs and the complete exon 2 sequence. Thus, the results suggest that positive selection has occurred in the PBRs and purifying selection in the non-PBRs and exon 2. Thirteen class II B alleles were used to study the association between alleles and resistance to infection. Though not significant, alleles Cyse-DAB＊ 0601, Cyse-DAB ＊ 0706, and Cyse-DBB＊O 101, Cyse-DBB＊ 1301 were only found in surviving individuals and may represent alleles that have resistance against V. anguillarum infection. Alleles Cyse-DAB＊0701 and Cyse-DAB＊1301 were significantly more prevalent in dead individuals than in surviving ones and may represent alleles that are associated with increased susceptibility to V. anguillarum infection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30901098)
文摘Major histocompatibility complex class II antigens are important in vertebrate immune system.In the present study,the full cDNA sequence of class II A gene was synthesized by RACE-PCR from half-smooth tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis),and its open reading frame(ORF) polymorphism was studied.The whole cDNA sequence was 992 bp in length,including the ORF with 717 bp.Twenty-five alleles were identified and clustered into two distinct groups according to the specific nucleotides/amino acids in specific positions.Eleven alleles belonged to Cyse-DAA while fourteen alleles belonged to Cyse-DBA.Four Cyse-DAA alleles were observed in one individual,and three to five Cyse-DBA alleles were observed in each of the three detected individuals,which indicated that at least two loci existed in each gene.Moreover,in order to study the function of the alleles in resistance to infection,200 individuals were intraperitoneally injected with Vibrio anguillarum and the first 20 dead individuals and 20 surviving ones were selected for genotype analysis.Fifty-six alleles were identified among the 40 individuals.Twenty-nine alleles belonged to Cyse-DAA and the other 27 alleles belonged to Cyse-DBA.Eighteen alleles were selected for studying their function in resistance to infection.Alleles Cyse-DAA*0201,Cyse-DAA*1101,Cyse-DBA*0401,Cyse-DBA*1102,Cyse-DBA*1801 and Cyse-DBA*2201 were identi-fied only in surviving individuals,while alleles Cyse-DAA*0901,Cyse-DBA*1101 and Cyse-DBA*1401 occurred more frequently in dead individuals.This study confirmed the existence and polymorphism of two class II A genes as well as the relationship between alleles of class II A genes and disease susceptibility/resistance in half-smooth tongue sole.
