公共部门创新中政府的元治理职能——一个理论分析框架

在政府创新或公共部门创新中,政府行使元治理职能是不可或缺的。根据协作一互动治理理论,政府在一般公共治理中行使四种基础性元治理职能,包括制度设计、框架确立、过程管理和决策主导。面对风险性和不确定性,政府在推动公共创新中需要特别关注三大特殊目标,包括(1)引入不同背景、资源和观点的参与者;(2)引导多方行动者接受创造性破坏,鼓励他们投入资源并承担创新风险;以及(3)支持公共创新的跨界扩散和传播,进一步实现其公共价值。因此,在公共创新中,政府必须采取六种互补型的元治理行动,包括建立框架、确立愿景、管理互动、资源动员、直接参与和对外联络。中国政府的党建引领、政府主导、一核多元的社会治理理念以及政府创新实践,为公共创新理论前沿的探索提供了丰富的素材。

Innovation and Education： Construction of Interactivity Indicators to Collaborative and Immersive Learning

Technological innovation, driven towards the educational context, has favored the concept of interactive technological environments that may significantly contribute towards the teaching-learning processes. In that sense, mapping interactivity indicators that consider technical and operational aspects, supported by the available technical literature and based on the perspective of undergraduate engineers and teachers, becomes a fundamental activity in order to build interactive environments that may in fact adequately contribute for the professional education of our students, mainly the ones in engineering courses. Specifically, this paper shows preliminary studies within this perspective, showing how technological innovation may be understood and applied in the educational context. The study also shows the first interactivity indicator for a collaborative learning perspective, obtained from data collected through a qualitative content analysis methodology.