水资源与能源纽带关系国际动态及启示

水资源和能源,共同作为基础性的自然资源和重要的战略资源,两者关系十分密切。几乎所有的能源开发和利用都离不开水,而水资源开发利用又必须以能源作为动力。但随着经济社会发展对水与能源需求的不断增长,水与能源成为可能制约未来经济社会可持续发展的两大瓶颈(第三大瓶颈是环境)。联合国将2014年3月22日世界水日主题定为"水与能源",充分表明了全球层面对水与能源问题的高度重视。国际上对水资源与能源的关注度逐渐提高,并对水资源与能源之间的纽带关系和协同发展开展了一些探索性研究。跟进水资源与能源纽带关系国际动态,对制定我国水资源与能源安全保障战略具有重要借鉴与参考意义。

From Compact City to Smart City： A Sustainability Science ＆ Synergy Perspective

This brief conceptual paper contributes a sustainability theoretic perspective of an urbanization paradigm known as Compact City. Compact City is an urban planning and development concept which promotes relatively high population density associated with an integrated and mixed-use land district. It is enabled by transit-oriented development and results in low transport-related energy consumption and reduced the GHG （Greenhouse Gases） pollution. Compact City conserves the natural capital of land mass and subscribes to the strong sustainability ethics. ICT （Information and Communications Technology） could be deployed to optimize the Compact City operations by first tackling some of the development problems associated with Compact City and also unleashing new urban innovations and functionalities to achieve sustainable urbanization. The paper suggests and elucidates several general systemic synergies archetypes such as co-benefits, cascading, ICT infrastructure reuse, etc., which could be leveraged to facilitate the emergence of compact green smart and resilient city. These archetypes are solutions to the Compact City paradigm thus conductive to the development ofa Sustainability Science of Compact City.

我国农业科技创新研究热点

王晶华、陈祺琪、顾金科在《科技管理研究》2022年第22期撰文指出,国内关于农业科技创新的研究,年文献发表量的整体变化趋势呈现出先增长后下降的倒“V”型。其中,2012年达到研究高潮,这与2012年中央一号文件突出强调农业科技创新的地位有较大关联。2012年之后研究热度有所下降,这是由于农业科技创新发展到一定程度,相关研究开始以农业科技创新为中心向关联方向扩散发展,有全面协同可持续发展的态势。