产学研协同创新的运行机制探讨

与产学研合作相比,产学研协同创新呈现出目标高端化、组织系统化、政府介入深、成果转化高的新特点。运用"协同池"模型探讨产学研协同创新的运行机制,从投入产出的角度来讲,人才、管理、政策、资源、信息、资金等都是"协同池"的重要投入变量,而知识、人才、技术被视为最重要的产出变量。从反应过程来看,协同创新的本质在于知识创新,提出一个知识协同模型来反映"协同池"内知识的协同创造过程。

P2P网络环境下的一种高效虚拟协同服务模型

在现实网络中,资源主要集中在少数的重要节点中,大量节点是服务请求者.由于P2P网络是建立在Internet之上的应用层虚拟网络,加上网络中搭便车现象日益严重,在广域环境下,不可避免地存在拥塞、单点失效、效率和服务质量不高的问题.针对这些问题,通过在系统中动态地构造由协同服务盟员组成的服务池来解决.提出了一种有盟主的虚拟协同服务组织模型,旨在现实环境下针对盟主的目标需求,解决盟主如何动态组织自主的协同伙伴和构建虚拟组织协同进行求解的问题.构造了基于D-S证据推理的服务盟员选择策略,运用节点交易历史信息和推荐证书的方法来表征备选服务盟员的全局信任特征属性,给出了构建虚拟协同服务池的数学模型、约束条件和构造规则,并进行了较为详细的分析.仿真实验表明,动态构造服务池的负载平衡策略能较好地解决P2P网络中存在拥塞、单点失效、效率和服务质量不高的问题,极大地改善了P2P网络的服务质量.

基于协同缓存的分布式数据库更新机制研究

减小数据库事务中的写操作开销对于分布式数据库系统的性能而言很关键。该文提出了一种基于协同缓存技术的分布式数据库更新机制,通过在分布式数据库服务器节点物理内存之上构建全局协同缓冲池,并利用其缓存写入记录,减小了数据库事务中的磁盘访问开销,研究了基于协同缓存的分布式数据库更新机制与其在该机制下事务性能改进。

产学研合作创新中的知识转移机制研究

知识转移在产学研知识管理体系中发挥着基础性作用,其为实现其他知识管理行为搭建平台,构建高效的知识转移机制对产学研合作运行具有重要意义。梳理产学研合作和知识转移的相关概念,分析知识转移的过程及其影响因素,结合SECI模型与协同创新的相关理论,构建产学研合作创新中的知识转移机制模型。通过设计知识转移机制模型来激励产学研合作主体间的高效合作,推动传统的产学研合作模式向更高效的产学研协同创新模式转变。

Experiment and numerical simulation on flow and heat transfer in all-glass evacuated tube solar collectors

The experimental study of natural convection in allglass evacuated tube solar collectors is performed through the experimental platform of the solar-assisted fuel cell system.The experimental facility includes solar collectors with different length and diameter tubes, different coating materials, and with / without guide plates, respectively. Threedimensional mathematical models on natural and forced convections in the solar collectors are established and the experimental data is validated by field synergy and entransy principles. The results of natural convection show that the water temperature increases and thermal efficiency decreases gradually with the evacuated tube length. The thermal efficiency increases when absorption rates increase from 0. 95 to 1. 0 and emission rates decrease from 0. 16 to 0. 06. The thermal efficiency of solar collectors is increased after being equipped with the guide plate, which is attributed to the disappearance of the mixed flowand the enhancement of the heat transfer at the bottom of the evacuated tube. The results of forced convertion indicate that the Reynolds, Nusselt and entransy increments of the horizontal double collectors are higher than those of the vertical single collector while the entransy dissipation is lower than that of the vertical single collector. It is concluded that the solar collectors with guide plates are suitable for natural convection while the double horizontal collectors are suitable for forced convection in the thermal field of solar-assisted fuel cell systems with lowand medium temperatures.

Performance of HT-PEMFC Based on Improved Baffle Structure

This study combines the three-dimensional model of the high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell(HT-PEMFC)with theoretical analysis,by optimizing the structure of the fuel cell,adding a semicircular baffle in the gas channel and implementing novelly arranged obstacles to improve the PEMFC performance. The effects of velocity distribution,interface reactant concentration and pressure drop on performance are studied. The results show that adding obstacles in the gas channel will produce vertical velocity and can improve output performance,especially in the case of high current density and higher baffle radius. The superiority of the optimized structure in mass transfer capacity is proved,and a mechanism explanation is given for the improvement of performance.

Enhanced photoelectric conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells by the synergetic effect of NaYF_4:Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+) and g-C_3N_4

TiO2-NaYF4：Er^3＋/Yb^3＋-C3N4 composite photoanodes were successfully designed for the first time. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of TiO2-NaYF4：Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ C3N4 composite cell can result an efficiency of 7.37%, which is higher than those of pure TiO2 cell and TiO2-C3N4 composite cell. The enhancement of the efficiency can be attributed to the synergetic effect of NaYF4：Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ and C3N4. Elec- trochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis revealed that the interfacial resistance of the TiO2-dyelI3^-/I^- electrolyte interface of TiO2-NaYF4：Er^3＋/Yb^3＋-C3N4 composites cell was much smaller than that of pure TiO2 cell. In addition, the TiO2-NaYF4：Er^3＋/Yb^3＋-C3N4 composite cell had longer electron recombination time and shorter electron transport time than that of pure TiO2 cell.

Synergetic effects of blended materials for Lithium-ion batteries

LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2, LiMn_2O_4 and LiCoO_2 are paired to make the blended materials for the cathode of lithium-ion batteries. The factors impacting on the characteristics of blended materials are studied using constant current charge/discharge measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the three pairs of blended materials exhibit very different synergetic effects in high C-rate discharging. The mechanism of particle synergetic effect has a physical root on the compensating material property of blending components, which fundamentally correlates with their similarity and difference in crystalline and electronic structures. The AC impedance show the obvious changes that alternate the high C-rate performance, due to reduced particle impedance in blended materials. The pairs of LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2-LiMn_2O and LiCoO_2-LiMn_2O_4 present obvious increases in high C-rate reversible capacities than does the pair LiCoO_2-LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2.