单库单向运行潮汐电站发电量最大化计算模型及应用

潮汐电站一直存在资源利用率不高的问题,在电站建设初期当机组选型确定时,制定合理的水库蓄、放水计划,可在不增加投资的前提下获得更多的发电效益。为此,以国内某潮汐电站为例,根据各时刻机组发电流量的不同制定运行方案,基于动态规划法建立了单库单向运行潮汐电站发电量最大化计算模型,并利用龙格库塔算法,结合Matlab软件模拟了各时刻水库水位变化过程,求解了各运行方案的发电量值。计算结果表明,受潮汐水位及机组特性的控制,电站发电量的多少取决于发电流量在各时刻的分配,流量最大运行方案发电量明显大于效率最优运行方案,而发电量最大运行方案流量分配介于效率最优运行和流量最大运行之间。

单库单向运行潮汐电站额定水头选择对发电量的影响分析

潮汐电站的水头随潮位变化迅速,水轮机需长期在较大的水头范围内运行。额定水头作为水轮机的重要参数之一,其选择会直接影响电站的水头保证率,进而会影响年发电量经济指标。以国内某单库单向运行潮汐电站为基础,建立了发电量计算模型,利用Matlab软件进行了水库水位曲线模拟及电站年发电量计算,研究单库单向运行潮汐电站额定水头选择与发电量的内在关系,为电站经济效益分析提供数据依据。

赣江中游梯级水库群联合发电调度补偿效益分析研究

为解决赣江中游水库群没有统一有效的联合调度方式而发电量较低的问题,本文探索了赣江中游梯级水库群的联合发电及其补偿效益,通过研究赣江中游水库群在单库优化调度和联合优化调度下,以发电量最大为目标函数,采用DPSA-POA算法与DE智能算法相结合对模型进行求解,研究在不同典型年下水库发电调度补偿效益。结果表明:在丰水年(1995)、枯水年(1991)、平水年(1985)不同典型年下,水库联合调度比单库调度增发电量0.01%、0.55%、0.91%,相应减少弃水2.26%、5.01%、10.72%,在来水越少的年份,补偿效益更为明显,研究结果可为赣江中游梯级水库群联合调度补偿效益分析及其梯级水库群开展合作调度提供理论依据。

南澎列岛潮汐能开发前景研究

潮汐能是可再生的清洁能源,现代潮汐能的利用,主要是潮汐能发电。基于南澎列岛潮汐能资源特点以及潮汐能发电的原理、和技术发展,提出在南澎列岛建设单库双向型潮汐电站,并提出了发电模式的初步设想。

Fabrication and Characteristics of a Si-Based Single Electron Transistor

Si based single electron transistor (SET) is fabricated successfully on p type SIMOX substrate,based on electron beam (EB) lithography,reactive ion etching (RIE) and thermal oxidation.In particular,using thermal oxidation and etching off the oxide layer,a one dimensional Si quantum wire can be converted into several quantum dots inside quantum wire in connection with the source and drain regions.The differential conductance (d I ds /d V ds ) oscillations and the Coulomb staircases in the source drain current ( I ds ) are shown clearly dependent on the source drain voltage at 5 3K.The I ds V gs (gate voltage) oscillations are observed from the I ds V gs characteristics as a function of V gs at different temperatures and various values of V ds .For a SET whose total capacitance is about 9 16aF,the I ds V gs oscillations can be observed at 77K.

北坑水库与明溪水库双库联合调度初步研究

深汕特别合作区供用水矛盾突出,针对北坑水库单库调度弃水量较大的问题,文章提出了水库间联合调度的思路,建立了北坑水库与明溪水库联合调度的动态规划供水模型。结果表明:北坑水库水量利用率提高了29.8%,明溪水库引水量减少了1315万m^(3),本地水资源得到了充分的挖掘,有效减少了外调水量。该研究可为区域水库调度管理提供数据支持与借鉴。

Optimization of PCR Reaction System for Random Single-strand DNA Pool in SELEX Technology

[Objective] This study aimed to optimize the PCR amplification conditions for random ssDNA pool in SELEX technology. [Method] L16（45） orthogonal experimental design was adopted for optimization of five important factors affecting PCR reaction system for random single-stranded DNA pool including Mg2＋ concentration, dNTP concentration, amount of Taq DNA polymerase, primer concentration and amount of random single-stranded DNA pool at four levels. Meanwhile, the annealing temperature and number of PCR reaction cycles were optimized to establish the optimal reaction system and PCR procedure. [Result] The optimal combination of PCR reaction system for random ssDNA pool was obtained, with a total system volume of 20 μl containing 2.0 μl of 10 × Buffer, 0.5 ng of random ssDNA pool, 2.5 mmol/L Mg2＋, 0.25 mmol/L dNTP Mixture, 0.6 μmol/L upstream and downstream primers and 1.5 U of Taq DNA polymerase; the optimal annealing temperature was 68 ℃ and the optimal number of cycles was 12. Under the above conditions, clear and stable bands with high specificity for random ssDNA pool were amplified. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for selection of parameters with higher specificity in SELEX technology.

Semantic-based query processing for relational data integration

To solve the query processing correctness problem for semantic-based relational data integration,the semantics of SAPRQL（simple protocol and RDF query language） queries is defined.In the course of query rewriting,all relative tables are found and decomposed into minimal connectable units.Minimal connectable units are joined according to semantic queries to produce the semantically correct query plans.Algorithms for query rewriting and transforming are presented.Computational complexity of the algorithms is discussed.Under the worst case,the query decomposing algorithm can be finished in O（n2） time and the query rewriting algorithm requires O（nm） time.And the performance of the algorithms is verified by experiments,and experimental results show that when the length of query is less than 8,the query processing algorithms can provide satisfactory performance.

供水工程建设方案论证分析

对海浪河干流可能水源点进行比选,考虑调节和取水功能在枢纽工程上分设和合并,通过拟定单库方案和水库+枢纽方案两套供水方案,从经济技术、水质、淹没占地等方面进行综合比较,首先比选单库方案和水库+枢纽方案的推荐方案,再进行分析论证推荐较优方案。为海浪河的水资源开发利用提供依据。

A Model of a Single Electron Transistor of Metallic Tunneling Junctions and Its Validation

Based on the orthodox theory,a model of a single electron transistor （SET） of metallic tunneling junctions is built using the master equation method. Several parameters of the device, such as capacitance, resistance and temperature,are input into the model and thus the I-V curves are attained. These curves are consistent with those from other experiments; therefore, the model is verified. However, there still exists a difference between simulated results and experimental results,mainly comes from the stationary case of the master equation. In other words, precision of simulated results would be increased if the transient case of the master equation is considered. Moreover, the current increases exponentially at higher drain voltages, which is due to the fact that the barrier suppression is caused by the image charge potential.

Analysis of BAC_5 mcAb-Related Epitope Using Random Peptide library

Objective To identify epitope relating to BAC 5 mcAb, a kind of monoclonal antibody (mcAb) located on the surface of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. Methods Using BAC 5 mcAb as a selected target, the 3 rounds of biopanning to a 12 mer random peptide library (RPL) presented by M13 phages were carried out. The positive M13 phage clones were chosen and confirmed with sandwich ELISA for antibody capture and competitive assay. The exogenous DNA fragments in the positive/negative M13 phages were sequenced to deduce and compare the order of the amino acids of exogenous peptides among the phage clones. Results 77% (35/45) of the phages eluted from the 3rd round of biopnning could be captured by BAC 5 mcAb. The 3 kinds of the peptides were displayed by M13 phages from the 8 positive clones identified with competitive assay. The same character of '-P-V-'structure existed near N-terminus of the 3 different peptides, i.e. -H-Q-S-H-Y-P-Y-P-V-V-S-L- (4/8) -Q-N-Q-A-W-F-S-Q-P-V-R-M- (3/8) and T-Q-A-Y-K-G-F-P-V-L-P-S- (1/8) in comparison with the peptide ' -N-H-Q-S-T-F-W-Q-K-W-T-A-' displayed by M13 phages from the negative clones (6/6). Conclusion BAC 5 mcAb can recognize the 3 kinds of the peptides with-P-V-structure near N-terminus. These peptides mimic the structure of the epitope on the surface of NPC cells recognized by BAC 5 mcAb.

关于南盘江流域防洪与灌溉的几点意见

近几年来,南盘江流域社会经济的发展速度一直保持了14％的增长率,这比云南省的平均增长率10％高出4个百分点。按照这一发展态势,在不久的将来,南盘江流域将会发展成为云南省经济发展的“发展极”;即云南经济的发展,将通过南盘江流域更进一步的发展实现内引外联。

SELECTION OF NEW EPITOPES FROM MONOVALENT DISPLAYED PHAGE OCTAPEPTIDE LIBRARY

A library of 2 ×107 random octapeptides was constructed by use of phagemid-based monovalent phage display system. The randomly synthesized degenerated oligodeoxyribonucleotides (oligos ) were fused to the truncated g Ⅲ (p230-p403). Sequence analysis of 11 randomly chosen clones suggested that the degenerated inserts and its deduced amino acid (aa) sequences are randomly distributed. The library was used to select binding peptides to the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9E10, which recognizes a continuous decapeptide epi- tope of denatured human c-myc protein. After four to five rounds of panning, most of the eluted clones could bind to 9E10. Sequence analysis of the selected positive clones indicated that the binding sequences could fall into two classes, one class (clone 1) shares a consensus motif, ISE x x L, with c-myc decapeptide; and the sequences of the other class are entirely different. The binding of both classes to 9E10 could be specifically inhibited by free c-myc decapeptide. The immunogenicity of the phage peptide was further investigated by construction of multivalent displayed phage peptides and immunization of animals with or without adjuvant. ELISA and competitive ELISA showed that anti-serum from both mice and rabbit immunized with either clone could bind to the original antigen, c-myc decapeptide. These results denote that in spite of the dissimilarity of the selected peptides with c-myc decapeptide, they are capable of inducing similar immune respones in vivo, thus actually mimicking the antigen epitope.

A web product data management system based on Simple Object Access Protocol

A new web product data management architecture is presented. The three-tier web architecture and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) are combined to build the web-based product data management (PDM) system which includes three tiers: the user services tier, the business services tier, and the data services tier. The client service component uses the server-side technology, and Extensible Markup Language (XML) web service which uses SOAP as the communication protocol is chosen as the business service component. To illustrate how to build a web-based PDM system using the proposed architecture, a case PDM system which included three logical tires was built. To use the security and central management features of the database, a stored procedure was recommended in the data services tier. The business object was implemented as an XML web service so that client could use standard internet protocols to communicate with the business object from any platform. In order to satisfy users using all sorts of browser, the server-side technology and Microsoft ASP.NET was used to create the dynamic user interface.

Experimental study on repair characteristics of damaged rock salt of underground gas storage

Damage in rock salt has significant implication on permeability, which affects the tightness of underground salt cavern gas storage in further. During the leaching of a salt cavern, the brine with formation temperature and pressure can promote the self-healing of rock salt in the excavation damage zone (EDZ). Laboratory tests were conducted to study the promoting effect. The permeability of two intact rock salt specimens was tested. Then they were damaged into two kinds of the state respectively through uniaxial compression. After that, they were put in saturated brine (with a temperature of 50℃ and pressure of 12 MPa, which we called the repair environment in this paper) for 7 d. Finally, the permeability and mechanical properties were obtained after the damaged specimens being repaired. The results show that the permeability of intact rock salt is below 10^-19 m^2;the permeability increases by more than two orders because of damage;the permeability decreases significantly after being repaired, which can be comparable to its intact state. Discussions of the repair mechanisms are presented (especially the mechanism of recrystallization), which may help to provide significant guidance for the study of the tightness and stability of gas storage facilities in China.

Quasi serializable concurrency control in mobile broadcast environments

The problem of maintaining data consistency in mobile broadcast environments is researched. Quasi serializability is formally defined and analyzed at first. It was shown that quasi serializability is less stringent than serializability when database consistency is maintained for transactions. Then, corresponding concurrency control protocol that supports both update transactions and read-only transactions is outlined for mobile broadcast environments. Finally, the simulation results confirmed that the proposed protocol could improve the response time significantly.

Experimental Study on Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Reservoir Ice

Uniaxial compression experiments on horizontal and ervoir were conducted at different temperatures and strain rates vertical samples of first-year freshwater ice in a res- with an electronic universal machine equipped with low temperature cabinet. The results show that there is no difference between the strengths of two horizontal samples with grain sizes ranging from 1 to 4 mm and 4 to 14 mm, while the strength of the 1--4 mm vertical samples is 1.4 times higher than that of the 4--14 mm vertical samples because of the change of crystal structure. For different load- ing directions, the strengths of the horizontal samples do not differ from those of the vertical samples with the same grain sizes. The relation among the uniaxial compressive strength, strain rate and temperature was established through data analysis in both the ductile and brittle regions.

PSMA mimotope isolated from phage displayed peptidelibrary can induce PSMA specific immune response

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a cellsurface glycoprotein expressed predominantly in prostatesecretory acinar epithelium and prostate cancer cells aswell as in several extraprostatic tissues. Mouse monoclonal antibody 4G5 specific to the extracellular domainof PSMA was used to screen two phage displayed peptide libraries (9aa linear and 9aa cys library). Three 4G5reactive phagotopes were identified. Sequence analysis ofisolated clones demonstrated that the interaction motif'VDPA/SK' has high homology to 719-725aa on PSMA.Immunohistochemical staming of the prostate cancer sam ple with the PSMA-mimic phagotope (mimotope) immunized serum antibodies demonstrate that the mimotopeisolated from the phage displayed peptide libraries can induce PSMA specific immune response in vivo.

Equality Testing for Soil Grid Unit Resolutions to Polygon Unit Scales with DNDC Modeling of Regional SOC Pools

Matching soil grid unit resolutions with polygon unit map scales is important to minimize the uncertainty of regional soil organic carbon(SOC) pool simulation due to their strong influences on the modeling.A series of soil grid units at varying cell sizes was derived from soil polygon units at six map scales,namely,1:50 000(C5),1:200 000(D2),1:500 000(P5),1:1 000 000(N1),1:4 000 000(N4) and 1:14 000 000(N14),in the Taihu Region of China.Both soil unit formats were used for regional SOC pool simulation with a De Nitrification-DeC omposition(DNDC) process-based model,which spans the time period from 1982 to 2000 at the six map scales.Four indices,namely,soil type number(STN),area(AREA),average SOC density(ASOCD) and total SOC stocks(SOCS) of surface paddy soils that were simulated by the DNDC,were distinguished from all these soil polygon and grid units.Subjecting to the four index values(IV) from the parent polygon units,the variations in an index value(VIV,%) from the grid units were used to assess its dataset accuracy and redundancy,which reflects the uncertainty in the simulation of SOC pools.Optimal soil grid unit resolutions were generated and suggested for the DNDC simulation of regional SOC pools,matching their respective soil polygon unit map scales.With these optimal raster resolutions,the soil grid units datasets can have the same accuracy as their parent polygon units datasets without any redundancy,when VIV < 1% was assumed to be a criterion for all four indices.A quadratic curve regression model,namely,y = – 0.80 × 10^(–6)x^2 + 0.0228 x + 0.0211(R^2 = 0.9994,P < 0.05),and a power function model R? = 10.394?^(0.2153)(R^2 = 0.9759,P < 0.05) were revealed,which describe the relationship between the optimal soil grid unit resolution(y,km) and soil polygon unit map scale(1:10 000x),the ratio(R?,%) of the optimal soil grid size to average polygon patch size(?,km^2) and the ?,with the highest R^2 among different mathematical regressions,respectively.This knowledge may facilitate the grid partitioning of regions during the investigation and simulation of SOC pool dynamics at a certain map scale,and be referenced to other landscape polygon patches' mesh partition.

基于数据分片与分布式架构的室内定位中间件

室内定位系统是一种利用WIFI网络来实现标签的定位,可以在已有的WIFI网络或无线局域网上实现定位引擎,在智能家居,人力资源管理等方面开始得到广泛的应用。由于室内定位系统的场景中原始定位数据非常庞大,采用传统的关系型数据库架构无法支撑其性能需求。因此采用分布式架构的思想,设计并实现了一个数据处理中间件,承担中间件消息调度,数据库交互处理等任务。并在数据持久层提供读写分离,单库分表等工作模式,将数据按照一定规则分散到不同的集群、分区、分表中,极大降低了数据库的访问压力,一定程度上克服传统关系型数据库在处理大规模数据时的性能瓶颈。同时,为了降低第三方应用开发的复杂度,提高系统响应速度,提供基于Map Reduce的大数据分析模块。