植单抗螟一号大面积试验示范报告

植单抗螟一号是中国农科院植保所与河南延津县小店乡农技站协作培育的。是我国第一代有生产推广价值的抗螟单交种,其杂交组合为植店122×黄早4。 我所自1983—1984年对该品种作了小区抗螟及丰产性试验,其抗螟性2年均为2.9—3级(国际9级标准),小区产量折合亩产450—500公斤,比当地生产对照种“洛单2号”增产9.7-22.1％。1985—1986年小面积种植;1987年示范推广1000亩,其中百亩连片示范区3个。1988年分别在偃师、洛宁、孟津、陕县、嵩县、洛阳郊区等6县区示范5030亩,其中百亩连片示范区2个,两年的示范结果受到农户欢迎,现简报如下。 一.抗螟性 1987—1988年在偃师、陕县等百亩示范区内抽样调查,各玉米品种的5片心叶被害及蛀茎情况见下表。

Determination and Comparison of Pigment Contents in Leaves of Punica granatum L. Hybrids with Different Leaf Colors

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the reason for the different leaf colors of pomegranate hybrid progeny. [Method] Spectrophotometry was used to determine the contents of three pigments, including chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin, in the leaves of eight pomegranate individuals and their parents at growth stage. [Result] The results showed that during the early growth stage, the anthocyanin contents of four pomegranate individuals with red leaves were higher than the control, to be specific, the anthocyanin content of No.5 pomegranate individual reached the highest of 4.12 mg/g; the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of four pomegranate individuals with yellow-green leaves showed consistent dynamic trends with the control, to be specific, the chlorophyll content and chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio of No.4 pomegranate individual reached the highest, while the chlorophyll a/carotenoid b ratio of No.3 pomegranate individual was the lowest. During vigorous growth stage, the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin of eight pomegranate individuals showed consistent dynamic trends, with no significant difference with the control. Analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences in the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid among different pomegranate individuals at different growth stages and in the content of anthocyanin among different pomegranate individuals, while no significant difference was observed in the chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio among different pomegranate individuals at different growth stages. [Conclusion] The differences in leaf colors among pomegranate hybrid progeny are caused by different contents and ratios of anthocyanin and chlorophyll at growth stage.

cpSSR: a New Tool to Analyze Chloroplast Genome of Citrus Somatic Hybrids

Chloroplast simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) markers in Citrus were developed and successfully used to analyze chloroplast genome inheritance of Citrus somatic hybrids. Twenty-two previously reported cpSSR primer pairs from pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.), rice (Otyza sativa L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were tested in Citrus, nine of which could amplify intensive PCR products by agarose gel electrophoresis. Chloroplast genome inheritance of Citrus somatic hybrids from nine fusions was then analyzed, and five of the nine pre-screened primer pairs showed polymorphisms by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results revealed the random inheritance nature of chloroplast genome in all analyzed Citrus somatic hybrids, which was in agreement with previous reports based on RFLP or CAPS analyses. It was also shown that cpSSR is a more efficient tool in chloroplast genome analyses of somatic hybrids in higher plants, compared with the conventional RFLP or CAPS analyses.

Effects of Supplementary Pollination by Single-rotor Agricultural Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Hybrid Rice Seed Production

In 2012-2015, under the conditions of different natural wind speeds, the single-rotor agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle was used for the supplementary pollination during seed production of 10 hybrid combinations with big parental row ratios in the hybrid rice seed production bases of Hunan, Hainan and Guangdong Province, and the pollination effects were studied through the investigation of pollen density in the field, outcrossing seeding rate of female parent and seed production yield. The results showed that under the parental row ratio of 6：（40-60）, the seed setting rate and yields of the supplementary pollination by single-rotor agricultural UAV could reach and even higher than those of artificial pollination, indicating the single-rotor agricultural UAV could be used in supplementary pollination for hybdd rice seed production, which could promote the whole-process mechanization of seed production.

The Optimal Time for Harvesting the Seeds of Gui 39722, the Female Parent of a Maize Hybrid Guidan 0810

To determine the optimal time for harvesting the seeds of Gui 39722, which is the female parent of a newly-developed maize hybrid Guidan 0810, the cobs of Gui 39722 were harvested 31 （the first stage）, 34 （the second stage）, 37 （the third stage）, 40 （the fourth stage）, 43 （the fifth stage） and 46 （the sixth stage） d after pollination and oven dried at 38 ~C to constant weight. Then, the 1 000-ker- nel weight, germination rate and the agronomic traits of three-leaf seedlings were measured and compared. The results showed that the seeds of Gui 39722 harvest- ed 43 d after pollination （the fifth stage） had the greatest germination rate, seedling height, vigor index, root dry weight, shoot dry weight and germination potential, and high 1 000-kernel weight （very close to the highest level）, root length, number of roots per seedling and root-shoot ratio. Therefore, 43 d after pollination was the op- timal time for harvesting the seeds of Gui 39722, when the effective accumulated temperature after pollination reached 780.7 ℃ and the ear leaf dried. The seeds harvested at this stage had the highest yield and the best quality. Field sampling revealed that 89.00% to 95.00% （with an average of 91.15%） of the seedlings of six stages of seeds grew well.