利用单倍体单细胞系统筛选获得耐盐小麦

用耐盐小麦品种永 4 4 5 (耐盐 1级 )作父本 ,与中肥水丰产品种原冬 3号杂交 ,采用单倍体、单细胞系统 ,用其 F1花药在 0 .4 % Na Cl浓度下诱导 ,进行第一步筛选 ,再在同样 Na Cl浓度下分化 ,作第二步筛选。获得 H89- 6和 H89- 7两个花粉植株 ,在非盐渍地生长繁殖一代 ,消除可能存在的生理适应性或后生遗传型耐盐表型。H3开始按穗行进行连续 3个世代的耐盐性田间鉴定 ,并进行单株选择。选出 H89- 7- 2 - 1系连续 3年耐盐性达到 1级 ,农艺性状较好 ,在 0 .73%含盐土壤上仍能生长 ,在含盐0 .17%～ 0 .73%的盐渍地上产量明显高于莱州 95 3品种。幼苗盐诱导脯氨酸累积过程的测定表明 ,在1.2 % Na Cl胁迫下 ,前 6d幼苗脯氨酸仅增至 2倍左右 ,第 8d后明显增加 ,至第 14d增至 13倍以上。

基于网格传输网络模型的纳秒脉冲作用下单细胞电穿孔规律仿真研究

为研究ns脉冲电场杀伤肿瘤细胞的作用机理,采用MATLAB仿真软件对含细胞核膜的典型单细胞空间区域进行了离散,建立了其网格传输网络模型,分别从空间电位分布、跨膜电压曲线以及孔数密度、孔半径分布等角度,仿真模拟了单细胞在电场强度为0.5 MV/m、脉冲宽度为250 ns、上升沿为30 ns、仿真总时长为1μs的ns脉冲作用下的电穿孔动态变化过程。仿真研究结果表明：无论是细胞膜还是细胞核膜,电穿孔都存在＂负极性效应＂,即总是负极正对膜位置先出现电穿孔;细胞膜电穿孔存在较明显的＂过渡区域＂,且过渡区域孔半径较大,孔数密度较小;细胞膜电穿孔比细胞核膜更加容易。该仿真研究结果丰富了脉冲电场用应于治疗肿瘤领域的电穿孔机理,为进一步研究高频ns脉冲串的电穿孔机理提供了仿真思路。

单生物芯片构建单细胞病毒检测系统

这种生物芯片原型中含有可以检测单个病毒的纳米线晶体管，其管道可以向芯片送入或从中带出流体样本。

mRNA Expression of Chemokine Receptors on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Correlation with Clinical Features in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

Objective To investigate the expressions of chemokine receptors and interleukin （IL） receptors on the peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） from systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） patients and their correlations with clinical features as well as SLE disease activity index （SLEDAI）. Methods The mRNA expressions of chemokine receptors and IL receptors on PBMCs of 93 SLE patients and 30 healthy controls were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, including CCR2, CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR6, CCR8, CXCR3, CXCR5, CX3CR1, XCR1, IL-4R, and IL-10R. The clinical features of SLE patients were recorded. The correlations of chemokine receptors and IL receptors mRNA expressions with clinical features as well as SLEDAI were assayed using linear regression analysis. Results The level of CCR5 mRNA in SLE patients （including active and inactive SLE） was signifi- cantly higher than that in healthy controls （P〈0.05）, and there was no significant difference between active and inactive patients in this respect （P〉0.05）. CX3CR1 mRNA expression significantly increased from healthy control to inactive SLE to active SLE in sequence. The others （except for CCR8, CXCR3, and IL-1 OR） in active SLE patients weresignificantly higher than those in both inactive SLE patients and healthy controls （all P〈0.05）. There were positive correlations between SLEDAI and CCR2 （r=0.424, t=4.313, P〈0.001）, CCR3 （r=0.518, t=5.410, P〈0.001）, CCR4 （r=0.376, t=3.851, P〈0.001）, CCR6 （r=0.457, t=4.513,P〈0.001）, CXCR5 （r=0.455, t=4.629, P〈0.001）, CX3CR1 （r=0.44-5, t=4.523, P〈0.001）, as well as XCRI （r=0.540, t=5.445, P〈0.001）. And CCR5 mRNA expression level was positively correlated with IL-4R mRNA （r=0.313, t=2.353, P〈0.05）. The patients with myositis and cutaneous vasculitis simultaneously showed lower levels of CCR5 and CX3CRI, and CCR5 expression was negatively correlated with the scores of SLEDAI in SLE cases accompanied by photosensitivity （r=0.426, t=- 2.155, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Increased expressions of CCR5 and CX3CRI on PBMCs may be indicators in clinical survey for SLE.

Membrane redistributions through multi-intercellular exchanges and serial trogocytosis

Trogocytosis is a rapid transfer between cells of membranes and associated proteins. Trogocytic exchanges have been investigated between different cell types, mainly in two-cell systems, involving one donor and one acceptor cell type. Here, we studied trogocytosis in a more complex system, involving not only several immune cell subsets but also multiple tumor cells. We show that CD4~ T cells, CD8＋ T cells and monocytes can acquire membrane patches and the intact proteins they contain from different tumor cells by multiple simultaneous trogocytoses. The trogocytic ca- pabilities of CD4~ and CD8~ T cells were found to be similar, but inferior to that of autologous monocytes. Activated peripheral-blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） may also exchange membranes between themselves in an all-autolo- gous system. For this reason, monocytes are capable of acquiring membranes from multiple tumor cell sources, and transfer them again to autologous T cells, along with some of their own membranes （serial trogocytosis）. Our data illustrate the extent of membrane exchanges between autologous activated immune effector cells and their environ- ment, and how the cellular content of the local environment, including ＂bystander＂ cells, may impact the functions of immune effector cells.

Experimental infection of tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri) with Coxsackie virus A16

Coxsackie virus A16(CA16) is commonly recognized as one of the main human pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD). The clinical manifestations of HFMD include vesicles of hand, foot and mouth in young children and severe inflammatory CNS lesions. In this study, experimentally CA16 infected tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri) were used to investigate CA16 pathogenesis. The results showed that both the body temperature and the percentages of blood neutrophilic granulocytes / monocytes of CA16 infected tree shrews increased at 4-7 days post infection. Dynamic distributions of CA16 in different tissues and stools were found at different infection stages. Moreover, the pathological changes in CNS and other organs were also observed. These findings indicate that tree shrews can be used as a viable animal model to study CA16 infection.

Plant and Its Control Mechanisms

The regeneration of its cells is one of the two goals of the plant. The control systems try to allow to cells to optimize their state depending on the circumstances, sometimes in advance. The first of these systems is located in the root. It controls the materialistic input for the regeneration and at the same time is the source of primary information about the state of this input and its development at time. Another element of the control is the system controlling the formation and the distribution of the energy. This control is made without making provision for the state of individual cells. The successfulness of individual cells is taking into account by the system connected with companion cells in the vascular bundle. The similar holds for the second system. It, on the basis of the tension on the boundary of the plant, controls the dynamics of the boundary and removes the tension. The second goal of the control, besides the regeneration, is the optimization of the existence of the plant as whole. For this sake new global criteria arise and are used throughout the control.

Expression of interleukin-12 and its signaling molecules in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Objective To determine the in vitro expression of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and its effect on signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling molecules in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 39 patients with definite systemic lupus erythematosus and 11 healthy volunteers were collected. Expression of IL-12 P40mRNA in PBMCs was determined with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Quantity of IL-12 protein supernatant was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of phosphorylated STAT3 and STAT4 signaling molecules in PBMCs were detected by immunoblot. Results Levels of IL-12 protein and mRNA expression in patients with active or inactive SLE were significantly higher than those in controls. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) may promote the expression of IL-12. IL-12 alone induced the phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT4 in PBMCs from patients with SLE, especially in active SLE. However it had no obvious effect on normal PBMCs. Phosphorylated STAT3 and STAT4 might be observed in normal PBMCs treated with IL-12 plus PHA.Conclusion IL-12 is produced aberrantly in patients with SLE. IL-12 might exert its biological role in SLE via the aberrantly phosphorylated STAT3 and STAT4 signaling molecules.