北方地区营造南方植物景观的设计与养护

文章探讨了在北方地区营造南方植物景观的设计与养护策略,重点关注植物选择、景观布局、养护管理等方面。通过分析北方气候条件与南方植物的生长需求差异,明确了植物选择的耐寒性、耐旱性等原则。在景观设计中,提出了多样化植物群落的配置及季节性变化的考量。同时,详细阐述了温度管理、防寒措施、水分管理、土壤改良和病虫害防治等养护策略。科学的设计与管理能够帮助南方植物在北方地区适应新的环境条件,实现景观的持久性和美观性,提升城市绿化效果。

北方地区营造南方植物景观的设计与养护

作为在北方营造南方植物景观的典例,2013年北京园博会中的岭南园成功地展现了岭南地区园林植物的丰姿。该文分析了岭南园植物景观设计主要包括植物种类选择、展园场地处理、室内外植物景观设计以及荫棚景观设计等方面,总结了岭南植物在北方(北京园博会中)的栽培与养护技术,并提出了岭南园植物景观改进建议,即在加强现有植物保护的基础上丰富植物种类,提高种植密度。

南方植物不耐寒专家呼吁应重视乡土树种

天寒地冻，连续的低温使树木也受到了严峻的考验。一批适宜在温室的环境里生长的南方植物更是冷不堪言。园林专家指出，上海还是要重视应用乡土植物。

论南方植物在温州地区的应用

在园林中常常因树种颜色单调,而造成景观整体缺乏生气,南方植物色彩艳丽、品种多样,能够提升景观效果。因此,在气候相对适宜的地区,可以用南方植物作为调色剂,既可以实现植物色彩的跳跃,又可以增加景观深度和物种多样性,更好地提升景观的自我恢复能力。温州地处温峤岭以南,冬无严寒、夏不酷热、气候温润,因而适合种植南方植物。

Dynamics of phytoplankton communities in the Jiangdong Reservoir of Jiulong River,Fujian,South China

Phytoplankton blooms occurring in the Jiangdong Reservoir of Jiulong River,Fujian Province,South China,are a potential source of contamination of the drinking water of Xiamen(Amoy)City.To understand the main factors governing phytoplankton composition and succession,we sampled phytoplankton and measured environmental parameters in the reservoir,weekly or biweekly from Jan.2010 to Feb.2012.We identifi ed 123 species of phytoplankton from 7 phyla and 74 genera.The major phyla were Chlorophyta,Bacillariophyta,Cryptophyta,Cyanophyta,and Dinophyta.The main trend in the succession of phytoplankton was from prevalence of Cryptophyta-Bacillariophyta communities to those of Chlorophyta-Cyanophyta.High cell concentrations of Cryptophyta,predominantly Komma caudate,Cryptomonas marssonii,and Cryptomonas erosa,were present in winter,associated with low river discharge and cold water.Bacillariophyta,primarily Cyclotella meneghiniana,Aulacoseira granulata,and Aulacoseira granulata var.angustissima,dominated in early spring,coinciding with high turbulence and low irradiance.During early summer and autumn,Chlorophyta,comprising Scenedesmus quadricauda,Dictyosphaerium ehrenbergianum,and Pandorina sp.were prevalent during conditions of warmer water temperatures and low turbulence.Cyanophyta,with dominance of Pseudanabaena mucicola,Merismopedia tenuissima and Raphidiopsis sp.increased throughout the summer,coinciding with higher water temperatures and lower nutrient concentrations.Dinophyta content was occasionally high during winter and summer.Peridiniopsis penardii(Dinophyta)bloomed during winter 2009,with a persistently high biomass recorded into early spring.Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that phytoplankton communities were infl uenced by river discharge,irradiance,water temperature,and nutrient concentrations.

Integrated Control of Meloidogyne Incognita Infesting Tomato Plants Using Callus Powders Derived from Certain Plants Either Alone or in Combination with Oxamyl under Out-Door Conditions

The effect of four dried callus powders derived from certain plants, i.e. tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum; periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus; thorne apple, Datura stramonium and oleander, Nerium oleander applied separately or concomitantly with oxamyl at a half of the recommended dose each on tomato seedlings grown in soil naturally heavy infested with M. incognita under field conditions, indicated that dried callus powder derived from N. oleander either alone or mixed with oxamyl significantly surpassed the other tested treatments in improving percentages of increase in whole plant fresh and shoot dry weights as well as increasing numbers and weights of fruits. Concerning other treatments including oxamyl at a half of recommended dose with each tested callus powder, similar results were evident regarding tomato plant growth parameters. C. roseus plus oxamyl achieved the highest percentage of increase in whole plant fresh weight （141.4%） and shoot dry weight （189.7%） and ranked second to N. oleander ＋ oxamyl in this respect over the untreated plants, respectively. One the other hand, among all tested materials single application of either L. esculentum or oxamyl gave the least values of such criteria which averaged 34.4% and 61.7% or 39.5% and 11.2%, respectively. All tested treatments significantly reduced the total number of galls, egg-masses and eggs in egg-masses especially, dried callus powder of N. oleander which applied singly or combined with oxamyl. The least values of reduction percentages of galls and eggs in egg-masses among all treatments were recorded from tomato plant received dried callus powders of L. esculentum applied alone or concomitant with oxamyl.

Habitats of Directive 92/431EEC in the National Park of Alta Murgia （Apulia-Southern Italy）： Threat, Action and Relationships with Plant Communities

The study reports the habitats of Directive 92/43/EEC in National Park of Alta Murgia （Apulia Region, southem Italy）. The habitats have been identified based on phytosociological analysis. New records are presented of rocky, meadow, woodlands and temporary ponds habitats, such as： Stipo bromoidis-Quercetum dalechampii （habitat： eastern white oak woods, 91AA＊）; Verbenion supinae （habitat： Mediterranean temporary ponds, 3170＊）; Campanulo versicoloris-Dianthion japigici （habitat： calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation, 8210）; Acino suaveolentis-Stipetum austroitalicae （habitat： eastern sub-mediterranean dry grasslands （Scorzoneretalia villosae）, 62A0）. Other information on their extension, major threat and suggestions of actions for their conservation are provided.

A New Host for Meloidogyne incognita （Kofoid ＆ White 1919） Chitwood, 1949 （Nemata： Tylenchida） in Turkey： Potato

Potato is the main material of nutrition comes after the wheat and, is subjected to attacks of different plant parasitic nematodes which cause serious damages in our country. Especially, root-knot nematodes cause serious crop losses on them. Due to usage oflnfested seeds, parasitic nematodes are increasing from year to year. In our country, so far, many infested hosts of Meloidogyne incognita （Kofoid ＆White, 1919） Chitwood, 1949 were detected but there is no report on investigation on potato. During this study, adult females of root-knot nematodes were obtained via extracting gals of 133 tuber samples, collected potatoes fields in the Marmara region especially Balikesir, Bilecik, Bursa, Canakkale, Edirne, Istanbul, Kirklareli, Kocaeli, Sakarya and Tekirdag provinces during 2007-2008. During identification the species, second stage larvae were taken into consideration as well as genital preparations of adult females. For the identification classical methods were used together with molecular methods. As result, M. incognita was detected, only species detected among the Meloidogyne genus upon the 10 provinces investigated in Edirne province, Bosna village. This is the first report of the infestation of this species potato and also in Marmara Region.

First record of extinct fruit genus Chaneya in low-latitude tropic of South China

Fossil reproductive structure from the Eocene of the Changchang Basin (Hainan Island,South China) is recognized as Chaneya hainanensis sp.nov.This new species is characterized by persistent corolla of five obovate petals with three subparallel primary venation linked by arching secondary veins,circular central disk bearing two orbicular ovaries or fruit bodies.This discovery confirms the presence of the extinct fruit genus Chaneya in low-latitude tropical area,providing significant fossil evidence for investigating the origin,migration,and phytogeography of this genus and discussing the Tertiary floristic exchanges among North America,eastern Asia,and Europe.Considering the distribution of this genus and its extant relatives and the climate changes during the Cenozoic,we hypothesize that Chaneya was a widespread tropical or subtropical taxon,but,with climate cooling,became extinct in northern latitudes and evolved into Picrasma (Simaroubaceae) and Rutaceae mainly in modern tropics and subtropics.