东南印度洋脊(Southeast Indian Ridge,简称SEIR)是中速扩张洋中脊,在其中的108°—134°E区域的全扩张速率为72~76 mm·a^-1。但在接近澳大利亚-南极洲不整合带(Australian-Antarctic Discordance,简称AAD)区内,海底地貌...东南印度洋脊(Southeast Indian Ridge,简称SEIR)是中速扩张洋中脊,在其中的108°—134°E区域的全扩张速率为72~76 mm·a^-1。但在接近澳大利亚-南极洲不整合带(Australian-Antarctic Discordance,简称AAD)区内,海底地貌沿洋中脊的变化强烈,其变化范围涵盖了从慢速到快速扩张洋中脊上常见的例子,且出现了明显的地球物理与地球化学异常,说明洋中脊在AAD区附近的岩浆供应量极不均匀。文章定量分析了高精度多波束测深数据,计算了洋中脊不同段的地形坡度、断层比例以及平面与剖面的岩浆参数M值,结合研究区内剩余地幔布格重力异常以及洋中脊轴部地球化学指标Na8.0、Fe8.0等资料,分析与讨论了研究区的断层构造与岩浆活动特征的关系。研究发现,东南印度洋脊108°—134°E区域的B区(在AAD区内)及C5段(在AAD区外西侧)发育有大量的海洋核杂岩,而且B区的海洋核杂岩单体规模更大,其中最大的位于B3区,沿洋中脊扩张方向延伸约50km。研究结果首次系统性地显示,相比东南印度洋的其他区域, B和C5异常区具有偏低的平面与剖面M值、偏高的断层比例、偏正的地幔布格重力异常以及偏高的Na8.0值与偏低的Fe8.0值,这些异常特征可能反映了B区和C5段的岩浆初始熔融深度较浅以及岩浆熔融程度较低,因此导致其岩浆供应量异常少,形成较薄的地壳。研究结果同时表明,在岩浆供应量极少的洋中脊,构造伸展作用有利于海洋核杂岩的发育,导致地壳进一步减薄。展开更多
Evaluation of the mean climate and climate variability in the Southern Hemisphere （SH） in the Twentieth Century Reanalysis data version 2 （20CRv2） is conducted and the results are compared with the NCEP/NCAR versi...Evaluation of the mean climate and climate variability in the Southern Hemisphere （SH） in the Twentieth Century Reanalysis data version 2 （20CRv2） is conducted and the results are compared with the NCEP/NCAR version 2 Reanalysis data （NCEPv2） and the Hadley Center sea-level pressure data （HadSLPv2）.The results show that SH polar High,SH subtropical High,upper level split jet,cross-equatorial flow,Antarctic Oscillation （AAO）,and the pattem of Pacific-South-America （PSA） has been effectively captured by 20CRv2 during 1979-2010,with an apparent zonal asymmetry of AAO in the austral winter （June-July-August,JJA）.The notable upward linear trend of AAO in the entire period of 1871-2010 is represented in both 20CRv2 and HadS1Pv2.The most remarkable discrepancy of the SH climate variability between 20CRv2 and HadSLPv2 occurred in 1897-1920 and was partly caused by such factors as the paucity of meteorological and oceanographic data in the SH to be assimilated,the handling of the specified sea-ice concentration in South Pole,and imperfect climate models.The consistency of these reanalysis data is increased with the use of a large amount of satellite observation and radiosonde data,particularly after 1979.展开更多
东南印度洋中脊(Southeast Indian Ridge, SEIR)是印度洋中扩张速度最快的洋中脊,由SEIR增生的洋壳占印度洋总面积的50%以上,它是塑造印度洋现今构造格局的关键要素.相对西南印度洋中脊和西北印度洋中脊, SEIR具有更复杂的地质构造特征...东南印度洋中脊(Southeast Indian Ridge, SEIR)是印度洋中扩张速度最快的洋中脊,由SEIR增生的洋壳占印度洋总面积的50%以上,它是塑造印度洋现今构造格局的关键要素.相对西南印度洋中脊和西北印度洋中脊, SEIR具有更复杂的地质构造特征和演化过程.综合SEIR及邻区海底高原的地形地貌特征、重磁异常特征和玄武岩地球化学特征,探讨了SEIR的分段、洋中脊演化过程和地幔不均一性,以及板内火山作用与洋中脊的成因关系等.本文将有助于深入理解东南印度洋区域的构造演化历史,全面理解整个印度洋的洋中脊系统和大地构造格局,增进对冈瓦纳大陆裂解和印度洋演化过程的认识.初步研究认为东南印度洋区是多期洋中脊演化的结果,经历了北西向扩张、南北向扩张直至北东向扩张的三期洋壳增生过程.东南印度洋脊下的地幔源区存在不均一性,尤其是阿姆斯特丹-圣保罗海底高原和澳大利亚-南极错乱带两个区域.东南印度洋中的海底高原与热点火山作用密切相关,同时部分存在热点-洋脊相互作用或残留陆壳物质的影响.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Technological Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA05090426)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2010CB950304)the Key Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant KZCX2-YW-QN202)
文摘Evaluation of the mean climate and climate variability in the Southern Hemisphere （SH） in the Twentieth Century Reanalysis data version 2 （20CRv2） is conducted and the results are compared with the NCEP/NCAR version 2 Reanalysis data （NCEPv2） and the Hadley Center sea-level pressure data （HadSLPv2）.The results show that SH polar High,SH subtropical High,upper level split jet,cross-equatorial flow,Antarctic Oscillation （AAO）,and the pattem of Pacific-South-America （PSA） has been effectively captured by 20CRv2 during 1979-2010,with an apparent zonal asymmetry of AAO in the austral winter （June-July-August,JJA）.The notable upward linear trend of AAO in the entire period of 1871-2010 is represented in both 20CRv2 and HadS1Pv2.The most remarkable discrepancy of the SH climate variability between 20CRv2 and HadSLPv2 occurred in 1897-1920 and was partly caused by such factors as the paucity of meteorological and oceanographic data in the SH to be assimilated,the handling of the specified sea-ice concentration in South Pole,and imperfect climate models.The consistency of these reanalysis data is increased with the use of a large amount of satellite observation and radiosonde data,particularly after 1979.
文摘东南印度洋中脊(Southeast Indian Ridge, SEIR)是印度洋中扩张速度最快的洋中脊,由SEIR增生的洋壳占印度洋总面积的50%以上,它是塑造印度洋现今构造格局的关键要素.相对西南印度洋中脊和西北印度洋中脊, SEIR具有更复杂的地质构造特征和演化过程.综合SEIR及邻区海底高原的地形地貌特征、重磁异常特征和玄武岩地球化学特征,探讨了SEIR的分段、洋中脊演化过程和地幔不均一性,以及板内火山作用与洋中脊的成因关系等.本文将有助于深入理解东南印度洋区域的构造演化历史,全面理解整个印度洋的洋中脊系统和大地构造格局,增进对冈瓦纳大陆裂解和印度洋演化过程的认识.初步研究认为东南印度洋区是多期洋中脊演化的结果,经历了北西向扩张、南北向扩张直至北东向扩张的三期洋壳增生过程.东南印度洋脊下的地幔源区存在不均一性,尤其是阿姆斯特丹-圣保罗海底高原和澳大利亚-南极错乱带两个区域.东南印度洋中的海底高原与热点火山作用密切相关,同时部分存在热点-洋脊相互作用或残留陆壳物质的影响.
