浅析胶南董家口港及临港经济发展战略

一、胶南董家口港及临港经济发展的优势(一)自然条件优越董家口港区坐落于胶南泊里镇南部,近海自然水深平均-15米,距岸1000米水深可达-20米,常年不冻不淤。

构造对偶式解题

一、三角对偶式例1。化简cos^2α+cos^2β-2cosαcosβcos(α+β). 设原式为A,设B=sin^2α+sin^2β+2sinαsinβcos(α+β),则A+B=2-2cos^2(α+β)=2sin(α+β),A-B=cos2α+cos2β-2cos(α+β)·cos(α-β)=0,故A=B=2sin^2(α+β). 类似计算cos^2A+cos^2B+cos^2C+2cosAcosBcosC(A+B+C=π),Cos^2θ+cos^2(θ+120°)+cos^2(θ-120°)等.

青岛市实施“燎原计划”工作会议要求

青岛市政府去年11月召开贯彻实施“燎原计划”工作会议,传达贯彻全国农村教育综合改革实验县研讨班精神,推广全国及省市农村教育综合改革实验县——平度、胶南、即墨和崂山实施“燎原计划”的经验,并部署了今后的工作。自去年5月青岛市政府批转市教育局、农业局、乡镇企业局、市科委等部门《关于实施“燎原计划”意见的报告》以来,县(市)

大农业和小工业良田上的新经济

汪洋千倾势何雄,九水同归一泽中; 波静天光分上下,浪翻地影失西东; 鱼龙吞吐争春雨,鸟雀惊飞向晚风; 明月蒹葭杨柳岸,渔舟人唱藕花丛。这是元朝诗人李京的《大陆澄波》中所描绘的任县在历史上的自然风貌。任县历史悠久,先民四千前就在此繁衍生息,春秋战国时为晋地。周景王二年(前543年),郑羽颉奔晋,晋平公封其为任大夫,“任”地始有名讳。秦属巨鹿郡。西汉刘邦六年(前201 年)始置任县,后数次与南和邢台合分并析。1958年并入巨鹿县。1961年复置任县至今。任县位于“九河下稍”,属大陆泽区,境内诸流汇集,素有“南泊”之称。古时候的“任”字和“壬”相通,而“壬”在五行中为“水”的代称,因此地多水,所以早在春秋时期就把这一带叫做“任地”。

Ecology of macrozoobenthic communities in two plateau lakes of Southwest China

Ecological studies on macrozoobenthos were conducted in two small plateau lakes in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Southwest China： Xingyun Lake （XL）, a eutrophic lake whose main source of primary production was phytoplankton （Chl α=99.76±24.01 μg/L）, and Yangzong Lake （YL）, a mesotrophic lake. Sampling was carried out from October 2002 to May 2004. Altogether 23 benthic taxa were identified in XL and 21 taxa in YL. The density of benthos in XL was much lower than that in YL, but the biomass was about equal in the two lakes, being I 423 ind/m^2 and 8.71 g/m^2 in XL and 4 249 ind/m^2 and 8.60 g/m^2 in YL. The dominant species were Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Branchiura sowerbyi, Aulodrilus pluriseta and Chironomus sp. in XL and Limnodrilus hoffrneisteri, Aulodrilus pluriseta and Bellamya sp. in YL. Seasonal fluctuation occurred, showing richer species in summer and winter, but the density and biomass varied in different ways in the two lakes. Analyses on functional feeding groups indicate that collector-gatherers were predominant, but the relative abundances of other groups were different. Stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the water depth, conductivity and chlorophyll a were the key factors affecting macrozoobenthic abundance in the lakes.

RELATIVE BRIGHTNESS INDEX AND IT'S CLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE FROM LACUSTRINE SEDIM ENT OF NAPAHAI LAKE,NORTHWESTERN YUNNAN PLATEAU,CHINA

Information on the palaeoenvironm ent from Late Pleistocene to Holocen e in northwestern Yannan Plateau has been deduced from a study of a 28.81m-long core taken from Napahai Lake.The results from Relative Brightness In-dex(RBI )as well as those from the lithological analyses of bulk sediments,total organic carbon and granulometric analy-ses have been used to reconstruct the environmental and climatic evoluti on of the area.The ages were provided by three 14 C datings.The record suggested a climate fluctuation between warm-dry a nd cool-wet from ca.57to 32ka B.P.,which led a shallowing and swamping of the l ake.The water level again increased quickly at ca.32ka B.P.,reached it’ s peak during LGM(Last Glacial Maximum,ca.18-20ka B.P.)and remained relative high until ca.15ka B.P.The high wa-ter level at LGM is attributed to cold-wet conditions.The area experienced an abrupt and unstable climatic ch anges dur-ing the transition period from15to 10ka B.P.with a dominated littoral en vironment.Awarm-dry climate led to the contrac-tion of the lake during the Holocene a nd reed-swamps became dominant.After a minor wet-cool pulse during the L ate Holocene,the modern climate became to be established.

Deep metallogenic mechanism in southeastern China based on receiver function data

Crustal deformation and deep metallogenic mechanisms in southeastern(SE)China are still debated.In this study,we applied the receiver function method to measure crustal thickness and Poisson’s ratio for crustal rock using teleseismic data recorded at 207 seismic stations from China Earthquake Administration Network.The results showed that crustal thickness varied from~27 km in the eastern part to~43 km in the western part of the study area,with an average crustal thickness of 31 km.The crust is thick in the west and thin in the east.The observed Poisson’s ratio for crustal rock was relatively high in the southern Cathaysia Block(CB),with an average of 0.295,while in the Qinling—Dabie terrane,it was relatively low,with an average of 0.257.In the middle of the Yangtze craton and central east of the CB,Poisson’s ratio for crustal rock varied from 0.257 to 0.286.By comparing Poisson’s ratio of the intrusive deposits with that of igneous rocks in volcanic complexes,we deduced that the metallic mineral system might be associated with orogenic and hydrothermal deposits.These results indicated that multistage magma and mineralization in the study area might be attributed to the tectonic-magma-thermal event.The high Poisson’s ratio for crustal rock in the southeastern margin of the CB and northeastern Upper Yangtze Craton might be related to Mesozoic lower crustal mafic partial melt,which provides an important environment for various magmatic intrusions and metallogenies.

The formation and evolution of the Qiaojia pull-apart basin,North Xiaojiang Fault Zone,Southwest China

Sedimentary sequences with drastic thickening over short distances have been observed in Qiaojia County,Yunnan Province,Southwest China.These are related to a pull-apart basin controlled by the Xiaojiang strike-slip fault.Our field investigations include determining the surface characteristics of the Qiaojia basin which consists of three terrace sequences and a series of alluvial fans.Several drill holes were used to reveal the internal structure of the basin.The results suggest that the basinal sediments are over 300 m thick.From bottom to top,they can be classified into five different units.We inferred that the units of lacustrine sediments are deposited in a paleolake which was formed by a paleo-landslide.Accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating(AMS ^(14)C dating) was used to estimate the ages of the terrace and lacustrine sediments.We use the results to infer that the paleo-lake has existed about 15,000 years and that the Qiaojia basin was uplifted at an average rate of 3.3 mm/a.Furthermore,we then model the evolution process of the basin and interpreted 6 phases of development.

Spatiotemporal Variation of Riverine Nutrients in a Typical Hilly Watershed in Southeast China Using Multivariate Statistics Tools

The water quality of lakes can be degraded by excessive riverine nutrients.Riverine water quality generally varies depending on region and season because of the spatiotemporal variations in natural factors and anthropogenic activities.Monthly water quality measurements of eight water quality variables were analyzed for two years at 16 sites of the Tianmuhu watershed.The variables were examined using hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) and factor analysis/principal component analysis(FA/PCA) to reveal the spatiotemporal variations in riverine nutrients and to identify their potential sources.HCA revealed three geographical groups and three periods.Two drainages comprising towns and large villages were the most polluted, six drainages comprising widely distributed tea plantations and orchards were moderately polluted, and eight drainages without the factors were the least polluted.The river was most polluted in June when the first heavy rain(daily rainfall > 50 mm) occurs after fertilization and the number of rainy days is most(monthly number of rainy days > 20 days).Moderate pollution was observed from October to May, during which morethan 60% of the total nitrogen fertilizer and all of the phosphorus fertilizer are applied to the cropland, the total manure is applied to tea plantations and orchards, and a monthly rainfall ranging from 0 mm to 164 mm occurs.The remaining months were characterized by frequent raining(i.e., number of rainy days per month ranged from 5 to 24) and little use of fertilizers, and were thus least polluted.FA/PCA identified that the greatest pollution sources were the runoff from tea plantations and orchards,domestic pollution and the surface runoff from towns and villages, and rural sewage, which had extremely high contributions of riverine nitrogen, phosphorus,and chemical oxygen demand, respectively.The tea plantations and orchards promoted by the agricultural comprehensive development(ACD) were not environmentally friendly.Riverine nitrogen is a major water pollution parameter in hilly watersheds affected by ACD, and this parameter would not be reduced unless its loss load through the runoff from tea plantations and orchards is effectively controlled.

Variation in δ^(15)N of a lacustrine sedimentary sequence in the Nanling Mountains and its potential implication for climatic conditions over the past ~16000 years

Although extensive studies have been performed on nitrogen isotopes in lake sediments, understanding the complexity of the δ15N variation related to past environmental and climatic conditions still remains unclear. Supported by multi-proxy records including litho-units, organic carbon isotopes, ration of total organic carbon and total nitrogen, organic matter content, bulk dry density, the accumulation rate of organic matter, median grain size, magnetic susceptibility, and Rb/Sr and Ca/Mg ratios obtained from a sedimentary sequence in a small lake （i.e., Dahu Swamp） in the eastern Nanling Mountains in South China, we deduce that variation in the δ15N values results primarily from the sources of organic matter, which are significantly influenced by climatic conditions over the past -16 000 years. A low （or high） lake level resulting from dry （or wet） conditions would lead to more （or fewer） vascular plant remains in the sediments and stronger （or weaker） denitrification associated with hypolimnetic anoxia, resulting in lower （or higher） 615N values. In addition, dry （or wet） conditions would favor weakened （or strengthened） biogeochemical activity in the catchment, which could result in less （or more） external input of δ15N-enriched OM, thus leading to decreased （or increased） δ15N values. Our results indicate that the lake sediment δ15N record in the Nanling Mountains has the potential to provide valuable insight into past East Asian monsoon climate- driven environmental changes.

Salinization:the ultimate threat to temperate lakes,with particular reference to Southeastern Wisconsin(USA)

Many lakes in Southeastern Wisconsin(the metropolitan-Milwaukee area) are gradually becoming increasingly "salty".While these waterbodies would not be considered presently to be saline lakes,there has been a rapid increase in the chloride concentrations in most of these lakes over the last 30 years,with the lakes increasing from a mean chloride concentration of about 19 mg/L to over 100 mg/L in some cases.While ecological impacts can be expected when chloride values exceed 250 mg/L,the rate of increase presents a basis for concern,especially since the underlying geology of the region is based on limestone/dolomite which is deficient in chlorides.Thus,the origin of the chlorides is anthropogenic:human and industrial wastewaters(treatment of which has effected improvements in trophic status but has not affected other water-borne contaminants) and winter de-icing practices based upon large quantities of sodium chloride are major contributors to the increasing concentrations of chloride in the region's waterways.Without taking remedial measures,the rate of salinization is expected to continue to increase,resulting,ultimately,in the alteration of the freshwater systems in the region.

Phosphorus speciation in sediments of Lake Hongfeng, China

This study was conducted to evaluate the distribution characteristics of phosphorus and its species in 14 sediments samples collected from Lake Hongfeng based on sequential extraction. Lake Hongfeng, a major drinking-water source for Guiyang City in southwestern China, is one of the largest artificial reservoirs located in a typical karstic area of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The results of this study indicate that the average percentages of DP, Al-P, Fe-P, Ca-P and OP in the lake sediments were 0.52, 6.59, 6.09, 42.85 and 40.27, respectively. The concentrations of organic phosphorus (OP) were lower than those of inorganic phosphorus (IP), which consisted mainly of calcium-bound phosphorus (Ca-P). The high concentrations of Ca-P may temporarily control the release of phosphorus from the sediments because it is a relatively stable, inert, and non-bioavailable phosphorus fraction. However, a large number of phosphate solubilizing bacteria can transform insoluble phosphate into bioavailable forms. Moreover, the concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) in the lake sediments were high; thus, the potential for the release of phosphorus from the sediments to the water column and phosphorus bioavailability were still significant. Further statistical analyses of the results revealed significant correlations between phosphorus species in sediments from the lake with two extractable principal component species (PCs) and five selectable cluster levels allowing interpretation of possible origins of phosphorus loading and the release of phosphorus. Furthermore, available remediation measures were briefly assessed for the lake with consideration of its distinctive environmental features.

The Co-seismic Response of Underground Fluid in Yunnan to the Nepal MS8.1 Earthquake

In this paper,statistics are taken on the co-seismic response of underground fluid in Yunnan to the Nepal M_S8. 1 earthquake,and the co-seismic response characteristics of the water level and water temperature are analyzed and summarized with the digital data. The results show that the Nepal M_S8. 1 earthquake had greater impact on the Yunnan region,and the macro and micro dynamics of fluids showed significant co-seismic response. The earthquake recording capacity of water level and temperature measurement is significantly higher than that of water radon and water quality to this large earthquake; the maximum amplitude and duration of co-seismic response of water level and water temperature vary greatly in different wells. The changing forms are dominated by fluctuation and step rise in water level,and a rising or falling restoration in water temperature. From the records of the main shock and the maximum strong aftershock,we can see that the greater magnitude of earthquake,the higher ratio of the occurrence of co-seismic response,and in the same well,the larger the response amplitude,as well as the longer the duration. The amplitude and duration of co-seismic response recorded by different instruments in a same well are different. Water temperature co-seismic response almost occurred in wells with water level response,indicating that the well water level and water temperature are closely related in co-seismic response,and the well water temperature seismic response was caused mainly by well water level seismic response.

Analysis and Design of Trial Well Mooring in Deepwater of the South China Sea

Mooring systems play an important role for semi-submersible rigs that drill in deepwater.A detailed analysis was carried out on the mooring of a semi-submersible rig that conducted a trial well drilling at a deepwater location in the South China Sea in 2009.The rig was 30 years old and had a shallow platform with a designed maximum operating water depth of 457 m.Following the mooring analysis,a mooring design was given that requires upgrading of the rig’s original mooring system.The upgrade included several innovations,such as installing eight larger anchors,i.e.replacing the original anchors and inserting an additional 600 m of steel wires with the existing chains.All this was done to enhance the mooring capability of the rig in order for the rig to be held in position to conduct drilling at a water depth of 476 m.The overall duration of the drilling was 50 days and the upgraded mooring system proved to be efficient in achieving the goal of keeping the rig stationary while it was drilling the trial well in the South China Sea.This successful campaign demonstrates that an older semi-submersible rig can take on drilling in deep water after careful design and proper upgrading and modification to the original mooring system.

Temporal changes in wetland plant communities with decades of cumulative water pollution in two plateau lakes in China's Yunnan Province

Abstract： Wetland plant communities in the plateau lakes of Yunnan Province, China, have decreased significantly over the past decades. To better understand this degradation, we analyzed the processes and characteristics of changes in wetland plant communities in two of the largest lakes in Yunnan Province, Dianchi and Erhai lakes. We collected records of native and alien plant communities in the two lakes from literature published from the 195os to current period. We calculated plant community types and their area in some historical periods when related data were reported, and analyzed the relationship between chances in nlant communities and water nollution. InDianehi Lake, 12 community types of native plant communities, covering over 80% of the surface in the 195os and 196os, were reduced to four types covering 2.4% by the late 2ooos. Alien plant communities started to appear in the lake in the late 197os, and have since come to cover 4.9% of the lake surface, thereby becoming dominant. In Erhai Lake, 16 community types of native plant communities, covering 47.1% of the lake surface in the late 197os, declined to lo community types, covering 9.3% of the surface, by the late 2ooos. Alien plant communities appeared in the middle 198os, and at present cover 0.7% of the surface area. It was indicated that changes in plant communities were significant related to water eutrophication. The area occupied by native and alien plant communities was, respectively, negatively andpositively related to the content of nutrients in water. This showed lacustrine pollution played an important role in native plant loss and alien plant invasion in the two plateau lakes.

Anthropogenic Effect on Deposition Dynamics of Lake Sediments Based on ^(137)Cs and ^(210)Pb_(ex) Techniques in Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve,China

Radionuclide dating techniques characterized by137Cs and210Pbex have recently been applied in the study of lake sediments around the world.In this study,a chronological series of sediment cores was established based on137Cs and210Pbex analyses along with the evaluation of sediment properties,such as particle size distribution,total organic carbon(TOC),carbonate content,and acid-insoluble residue,to study sediment accumulation rates,sediment sources,and responses to human activities in the Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve in southwestern China.In terms of the particle size distribution of sediments,silt content was the highest,and clay and sand contents were relatively low.The sediments displayed high TOC contents because of the significant amounts of vegetation grown in the lakes.The carbonate content was also high due to the overall geological background of carbonates in Jiuzhaigou.Carbonate content tended to decline from top to bottom in the sediment cores,whereas the acid-insoluble residue tended to increase.These results suggested that the depth variation of the environmental parameters of the sediments in two lakes in Jiuzhaigou would correspond to each other.The results indicated that the sediment rate of Jiuzhaigou was generally high with strong siltation,indicating that serious soil loss was induced by intensive human activities in the basin over the past decades.The increases in the mass accumulation rate,contents of acid-insoluble residue,and mean particle size during the periods of 1840–1900s,late 1930s–early 1950s,1966–1978,and2003–2006 revealed the occurrence of severe soil and water loss as a result of extensive agricultural expansion,large-scale deforestation,and road construction in Jiuzhaigou.The deposition rate and the properties of lacustrine sediments could reflect the significant impact of human activities on lake sedimentation during Jiuzhaigou′s history.

心事

突然想起父亲,因为在宿舍楼下遇到一个来看望女儿的父亲,远道而来的父亲站在那儿,焦急地询问进进出出的人知不知道某某住在哪个房间?怅然的感觉瞬间充斥了整个内心,我知道自己的父亲不会出现在宿舍楼下面。

Crustal thickness and Poisson's ratio beneath the Yunnan region

A total of 1939 receiver functions were obtained from 732 teleseismic events （M〉5.0） recorded at 21 broadband portable seis- mic stations on the Tengchong, Baoshan and Simao blocks and Yangtze platform. These stations were installed by the Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration during 2010 and 2011. Using the H-x stacking and searching method, crustal thickness and velocity ratio beneath the stations are obtained. Results show that crustal thickness and Poisson＇s ratio in- ferred from the velocity ratio clearly vary, and they illustrate block features in deep structures. Except for the Tengchong block crustal thickness increases from south to north along the same block and from west to east across different blocks. In the Yangtze platform, Poisson＇s ratio and crustal thickness show a consistent and significant increasing trend from south to north, possibly indicating that crustal thickening is caused mainly by lower crustal variations. In contrast, Poisson＇s ratio has no sig- nificant change within the Baoshan and Simao blocks. Such differences demonstrate that the Jinshajiang-Red River fault is a southern boundary of the South China block. The H-κ results inferred from three portable stations on the Tengchong block show high Poisson＇s ratios, but they vary clearly with back-azimuth, implying the existence of strong anisotropy in the crustal medium beneath the stations.

Fossil seeds of Euryale(Nymphaeaceae) indicate a lake or swamp environment in the late Miocene Zhaotong Basin of southwestern China

Euryale （Nymphaeaceae） is a monotypic genus distributed in eastern Asia, but fossils in its native distribu- tion are sparse as compared to Europe where the genus has disappeared. Here, we describe a new fossil species, Euryale yunnanensis sp. nov., from the late Miocene Zhaotong Basin in southwestern China on the basis of seed remains. Char- acteristics including an ellipsoidal to almost spherical shape, a smooth surface, a germination cap that covers the micro- pyle, the separation of the hilum and germination cap （mi- cropyle）, elliptic testa surface cells with undulate margins and thickened cell walls collectively indicate a close affinity with the genus Euryale in Nymphaeaceae. Comparisons of seed morphology and anatomy demonstrate that the newly described fossil species differs from modem and other fossil species of Euryale and thus verify the assignment to a new fossil species. As the modem Euryale is an aquatic plant, preferably living in swamps and lakes with shallow and stable water, we hypothesize that a lake and/or swamp environment with shallow water was present near Shui- tangba in the Zhaotong Basin, where the Shuitangba homi- noid lived during the late Miocene. This inference is generally consistent with paleoenvironmental data extracted from avian, fish, frog, turtle and crocodile fossils, as well as from aquatic pollen. The fossil history suggests a compara- tively recent （Miocene） emergence of Euryale, which is roughly in agreement with the divergence time inferred from the molecular information.

Lake geochemistry reveals marked environmental change in Southwest China during the Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum

The Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum （MMCO; 15-17 Ma） was one of the short-term climatic warm events that punctuated the Cenozoic long-term cooling trend. Because there are very few terrestrial records of this event, most of our understanding comes from marine cores. In this report, we first present new palaeomagnetic data that revises the dating of our 400 m-thick lacustrine section in Wenshan （Yunnan）, previously thought to be Late Mio- cene. These new data suggest an older age, ca. 15.2-16.5 Ma, coinciding with the MMCO. We measured δ13C on bulk organic matter （3 Corg）, total organic carbon （TOC）, total nitrogen （TN） and C/N ratios at a high sample resolution to： （1） reconstruct the palaeoenvironmental changes in the lake catchment area, and （2） infer mechanisms responsible for these changes. Our results show that all four geochemical parameters demonstrate that a strong environmental change occurred around the middle of the section, shortly after the C5Cn/C5Br geomagnetic reversal and the Early/Middle Miocene boundary at 15.97 Ma. We propose that the environmental shift may be due to a combination of a change in climate, which became cooler, together with a change in organic matter cycling within the lake. This study provides a new insight into the MMCO and demonstrates that although the MMCO was generally a warm event, it was also a time of climatic instability and abrupt environmental changes.