The mean path length(MPL)of photons is a critical parameter to calculate tissue absorption coefficient as well as blood oxygenation using modified Beer-Lambert law,where in the differential path factor(DPF)is often as...The mean path length(MPL)of photons is a critical parameter to calculate tissue absorption coefficient as well as blood oxygenation using modified Beer-Lambert law,where in the differential path factor(DPF)is often assumed as constant over range of tissue absorption.By utilizing the Monte Carlo(MC)simulation of photon migrations in the leg,this study used four approaches to estimate MPL,and compared them with that determined by the MPL definition.The simulation results indicate that the DPF is remarkably affected by tissue absorption,at approximate 10% variation.A linear model is suggested to calculate MPL for measurements of tissue absorption as well as blood oxygenation using modified Beer-Lambert law.展开更多
As the limit of time and budget etc, the control system of HL-2A just could be operated in programmed discharge when HL-2A was checked and accepted in 2002. Recent years, many subsystem of HL-2A have been improved in ...As the limit of time and budget etc, the control system of HL-2A just could be operated in programmed discharge when HL-2A was checked and accepted in 2002. Recent years, many subsystem of HL-2A have been improved in functions and performances. And the demand for experiment of HL-2A is becoming more and more higher in plasma discharge parameters. So it＇s necessary to develop a plasma feedback control system （ FBCS ） which has enough functions and good stability and reliability to satisfy the demand of experiment on HL-2A.展开更多
The sputtering of impurities is caused by the interactions between plasma and the first wall, and the recycling of the gas affects the particle and energy transport of plasmas with a complicated mechanism in plasma op...The sputtering of impurities is caused by the interactions between plasma and the first wall, and the recycling of the gas affects the particle and energy transport of plasmas with a complicated mechanism in plasma operation. It is important for present tokarnaks to achieve a good confinement and high performance plasmas by means of controls of the vacuum condition, usage of low Z materials, control of the recycling of neutral particles and suppressions of the appearances and yield of impurities. For higher plasma parameters, some of the first wall of HL-2A is covered with graphite materials and carbon fiber tiles. Hence the studies on the in-situ coating application and development, and the interactions between the coating film and plasma are needed to effectively control the impurity, improve plasma confinement and achieve high performance plasma.展开更多
基金Research Funds from North University of China(No.130087)
文摘The mean path length(MPL)of photons is a critical parameter to calculate tissue absorption coefficient as well as blood oxygenation using modified Beer-Lambert law,where in the differential path factor(DPF)is often assumed as constant over range of tissue absorption.By utilizing the Monte Carlo(MC)simulation of photon migrations in the leg,this study used four approaches to estimate MPL,and compared them with that determined by the MPL definition.The simulation results indicate that the DPF is remarkably affected by tissue absorption,at approximate 10% variation.A linear model is suggested to calculate MPL for measurements of tissue absorption as well as blood oxygenation using modified Beer-Lambert law.
文摘As the limit of time and budget etc, the control system of HL-2A just could be operated in programmed discharge when HL-2A was checked and accepted in 2002. Recent years, many subsystem of HL-2A have been improved in functions and performances. And the demand for experiment of HL-2A is becoming more and more higher in plasma discharge parameters. So it＇s necessary to develop a plasma feedback control system （ FBCS ） which has enough functions and good stability and reliability to satisfy the demand of experiment on HL-2A.
文摘The sputtering of impurities is caused by the interactions between plasma and the first wall, and the recycling of the gas affects the particle and energy transport of plasmas with a complicated mechanism in plasma operation. It is important for present tokarnaks to achieve a good confinement and high performance plasmas by means of controls of the vacuum condition, usage of low Z materials, control of the recycling of neutral particles and suppressions of the appearances and yield of impurities. For higher plasma parameters, some of the first wall of HL-2A is covered with graphite materials and carbon fiber tiles. Hence the studies on the in-situ coating application and development, and the interactions between the coating film and plasma are needed to effectively control the impurity, improve plasma confinement and achieve high performance plasma.
