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卫新成教授谈“文革”中胰岛素晶体结构的测定工作 被引量:3
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作者 熊卫民 《中国科技史料》 CSCD 2004年第3期262-278,共17页
通过就胰岛素晶体结构测定工作对卫新成教授所做的访谈 ,展示了一项具体的科研工作在“文化大革命”的政治风浪中的运行过程 :它在“文革”前夕上马 ,随即因“文革”开始而告停。然后 ,随着中央领导对胰岛素合成工作的表态 ,它又得以重... 通过就胰岛素晶体结构测定工作对卫新成教授所做的访谈 ,展示了一项具体的科研工作在“文化大革命”的政治风浪中的运行过程 :它在“文革”前夕上马 ,随即因“文革”开始而告停。然后 ,随着中央领导对胰岛素合成工作的表态 ,它又得以重新上马 ,但暴烈的政治运动和武斗仍令其很快即濒临覆灭。中央打过来的强心剂再次挽救了它 ,可随即国外竞争对手的成功又令相关研究集体几乎解体。由于部分研究人员对科学的执著追求 ,再加上当时中国科学院领导的命令 ,这项工作终于延续了下来 ,并最终获得了一些重要成果。 展开更多
关键词 胰岛素 晶体结构 测定 “文化大革命”时期 卫新成
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Disruptive Innovation in the Nordic Countries' Healthcare Systems
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作者 Henning Sejer Jakobsen Ivar Moltke Jacob Brix 《Chinese Business Review》 2014年第3期179-191,共13页
The Nordic healtheare model is recognized to be one of the most innovative in the world. Here billions of USD are annually invested in developing new treatments, drugs, robots etc. to diagnose and cure diseases. Never... The Nordic healtheare model is recognized to be one of the most innovative in the world. Here billions of USD are annually invested in developing new treatments, drugs, robots etc. to diagnose and cure diseases. Nevertheless, this study establishes that there is a fundamental shortcoming in the system that supports healthcare innovation: It is strongly biased towards micro-level innovation projects focusing on new products, alternative processes, and new financial solutions. The problem with this approach to support new projects is that the results are created as inventions within the system thus lacking holistic perspectives. This has consequently contributed with increasing costs that are out of proportion with existing budgets. Therefore this study seeks to analyze the current understanding of the Nordic healthcare system from a business model perspective. Here other aspects of the healthcare system are explored to determine if they could be redesigned to promote new types of innovation projects. The purpose of undertaking this task is to challenge the established patterns of the current healthcare innovation support practices. Here the vertical innovation process (VIP) framework, which is a systematic radical innovation model that seeks macro-level outcomes based on standalone inventions (see more below), is applied to analyze the current state-of-the-art in Nordic healthcare innovation projects. The results determine that very little attention is given to rethink and redesign the healthcare system at a macro-level, and it is discussed that stand-alone inventions ought to be rethought into the entire healthcare system to create a larger impact. Finally, it is argued that existing performance measures are inappropriate to foster projects that innovate the existing system: New measuring points should be developed to promote macro-level projects and to avoid the current rapid increase of costs in the Nordic healthcare system. 展开更多
关键词 disruptive innovation radical innovation healthcare innovation business model innovation
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