Anderson医疗卫生服务利用行为模型(The Behavioral Model of Health Services Use,BMHSU)作为西方国家解释个体医疗行为的主流理论模型,近年来开始被国内医疗卫生领域学者作为理论分析框架指导实证分析。由于中西方文化、医疗卫生制度...Anderson医疗卫生服务利用行为模型(The Behavioral Model of Health Services Use,BMHSU)作为西方国家解释个体医疗行为的主流理论模型,近年来开始被国内医疗卫生领域学者作为理论分析框架指导实证分析。由于中西方文化、医疗卫生制度的差异性以及模型指标体系的抽象性,国内学者在应用BMHSU时,普遍存在着模型操作化应用不规范且应用版本滞后的问题。通过阐述2013年完善版BMHSU的指标体系结构以及指标间的关系,并深度解读模型指标体系中变量的定义及其操作化,将有助于国内学者掌握BMHSU的最新发展动态并进行测评量表设计,合理、规范地将其应用到我国医疗卫生领域的实证研究中。展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to describe the social determinants of health influencing obesity for the aged in a community context and based on the perspectives of various stakeholders.Methods:This was qualitative conte...Objective:This study aimed to describe the social determinants of health influencing obesity for the aged in a community context and based on the perspectives of various stakeholders.Methods:This was qualitative content analysis study using data from the focus group,individual in-depth interview,and observation.The study population was domiciled in Pakpoon Village,Mung Dis-trict,Nakhon Si Thammarat Province,a tight-knit settlement typical of most retirement communities.Data were collected through two focus group discussions,direct observation,and in-depth interviews with 19 participants.Respondents represented key community groups:local nurses and public health officers,elderly residents,family caregivers(family members),and village health volunteers.Results:The participants shared similar perspectives about the social determinants of health influencing obesity in the aged,which spanned three themes.These were:1)neighborhood food environment(easy access to unhealthy food,no choice to recruit healthy food);2)social networks influencing obesity(family affects food choices and prohibitions on exercise;belief,and socially imposed body image per-ceptions contributing to obesity in the aged);and 3)knowledge,attitudes,and beliefs behind lifestyle choices that cause obesity in the elderly(lack of awareness,personal attitudes,job and familial duties as barriers to engaging in physical activities;over-consumption behaviors lead to obesity in older people).Conclusion:These three themes were the root causes of obesity in the elderly in Pakpoon’s retirement community.This finding suggests that policymakers and nurses can create healthy environments,both to treat and prevent obesity,by raising awareness in younger generations,providing aging the provision of healthy food choices for older adults,encouraging health care professionals to share knowledge,and by modifying the attitudes and beliefs of both caregivers and older adults.展开更多
Objective To explore and interpret the experiences of pregnant women in Macao region,China during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods Recruitment advertisements were published through multiple social platforms in Macao regi...Objective To explore and interpret the experiences of pregnant women in Macao region,China during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods Recruitment advertisements were published through multiple social platforms in Macao region,China.A purposive snowball sampling method was adopted to select interviewees.Eighteen women who were confirmed as pregnant from January to May 2020 participated in this qualitative study.Data was collected from November to December 2020 using in-depth personal interviews.One-to-one interviews were conducted by telephone to avoid personal contact.Thematic analysis was used to perform the data analysis and identify emergent themes.Results Five themes emerged from the data analysis:changes in daily life,psychological distress,unique experiences of pregnancy follow-up,trying to pay attention to health information but also feeling overwhelmed,and change in hygiene behaviors due to fear of infection.Six sub-themes were identified:being confined at home but understanding the reasons,financial pressures and timely support from the government,perceived risk of catching the infection,retaining optimism with various help and support,adequate personal protections,and obsessive hygiene behaviors.Conclusion During a pandemic,there is a risk of greater individual isolation,particularly for vulnerable groups such as women in pregnancy.The humanized attention to and support for the residents from the government buffered the adverse impact on the study participants.Preplanning for such events is needed to focus on psychological distress,financial constraints,and prenatal health services.Alternative service delivery,such as telemedicine,online counseling,and virtual reality(VR)technology,should be applied to offer pregnant women timely support and avoid a crisis.展开更多
文摘Anderson医疗卫生服务利用行为模型(The Behavioral Model of Health Services Use,BMHSU)作为西方国家解释个体医疗行为的主流理论模型,近年来开始被国内医疗卫生领域学者作为理论分析框架指导实证分析。由于中西方文化、医疗卫生制度的差异性以及模型指标体系的抽象性,国内学者在应用BMHSU时,普遍存在着模型操作化应用不规范且应用版本滞后的问题。通过阐述2013年完善版BMHSU的指标体系结构以及指标间的关系,并深度解读模型指标体系中变量的定义及其操作化,将有助于国内学者掌握BMHSU的最新发展动态并进行测评量表设计,合理、规范地将其应用到我国医疗卫生领域的实证研究中。
文摘Objective:This study aimed to describe the social determinants of health influencing obesity for the aged in a community context and based on the perspectives of various stakeholders.Methods:This was qualitative content analysis study using data from the focus group,individual in-depth interview,and observation.The study population was domiciled in Pakpoon Village,Mung Dis-trict,Nakhon Si Thammarat Province,a tight-knit settlement typical of most retirement communities.Data were collected through two focus group discussions,direct observation,and in-depth interviews with 19 participants.Respondents represented key community groups:local nurses and public health officers,elderly residents,family caregivers(family members),and village health volunteers.Results:The participants shared similar perspectives about the social determinants of health influencing obesity in the aged,which spanned three themes.These were:1)neighborhood food environment(easy access to unhealthy food,no choice to recruit healthy food);2)social networks influencing obesity(family affects food choices and prohibitions on exercise;belief,and socially imposed body image per-ceptions contributing to obesity in the aged);and 3)knowledge,attitudes,and beliefs behind lifestyle choices that cause obesity in the elderly(lack of awareness,personal attitudes,job and familial duties as barriers to engaging in physical activities;over-consumption behaviors lead to obesity in older people).Conclusion:These three themes were the root causes of obesity in the elderly in Pakpoon’s retirement community.This finding suggests that policymakers and nurses can create healthy environments,both to treat and prevent obesity,by raising awareness in younger generations,providing aging the provision of healthy food choices for older adults,encouraging health care professionals to share knowledge,and by modifying the attitudes and beliefs of both caregivers and older adults.
基金This work was supported by the Higher Education Fund of the Macao SAR Government.[Grant number:HSS-IPM-2020-01].The funder had no role in design,data collection,and analysis of the study.
文摘Objective To explore and interpret the experiences of pregnant women in Macao region,China during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods Recruitment advertisements were published through multiple social platforms in Macao region,China.A purposive snowball sampling method was adopted to select interviewees.Eighteen women who were confirmed as pregnant from January to May 2020 participated in this qualitative study.Data was collected from November to December 2020 using in-depth personal interviews.One-to-one interviews were conducted by telephone to avoid personal contact.Thematic analysis was used to perform the data analysis and identify emergent themes.Results Five themes emerged from the data analysis:changes in daily life,psychological distress,unique experiences of pregnancy follow-up,trying to pay attention to health information but also feeling overwhelmed,and change in hygiene behaviors due to fear of infection.Six sub-themes were identified:being confined at home but understanding the reasons,financial pressures and timely support from the government,perceived risk of catching the infection,retaining optimism with various help and support,adequate personal protections,and obsessive hygiene behaviors.Conclusion During a pandemic,there is a risk of greater individual isolation,particularly for vulnerable groups such as women in pregnancy.The humanized attention to and support for the residents from the government buffered the adverse impact on the study participants.Preplanning for such events is needed to focus on psychological distress,financial constraints,and prenatal health services.Alternative service delivery,such as telemedicine,online counseling,and virtual reality(VR)technology,should be applied to offer pregnant women timely support and avoid a crisis.
